In molecular biology, the FAD dependent oxidoreductase family of proteins is a family of FAD

FAD

In biochemistry, flavin adenine dinucleotide is a redox cofactor involved in several important reactions in metabolism. FAD can exist in two different redox states, which it converts between by accepting or donating electrons. The molecule consists of a riboflavin moiety bound to the phosphate...

 dependent oxidoreductases. Members of this family include Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible redox conversion of dihydroxyacetone phosphate to sn-glycerol 3-phosphate....

 , Sarcosine oxidase

Sarcosine oxidase

Sarcosine oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative demethylation of sarcosine to yield glycine, H2O2, 5,10-CH2-tetrahydrofolate in a reaction requiring H4-tetrahydrofolate and oxygen....

 beta subunit , D-amino-acid dehydrogenase , D-aspartate oxidase

D-aspartate oxidase

In enzymology, a D-aspartate oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThe 3 substrates of this enzyme are D-aspartate, H2O, and O2, whereas its 3 products are oxaloacetate, NH3, and H2O2....

 . D-amino acid oxidase

D-amino acid oxidase

D-amino acid oxidase is a peroxisomal enzyme containing FAD as cofactor that is expressed in a wide range of species from yeasts to human. It is not present in bacteria or in plants...

  (DAMOX or DAO) is an FAD flavoenzyme that catalyses

Catalysis

Catalysis is the change in rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of a substance called a catalyst. Unlike other reagents that participate in the chemical reaction, a catalyst is not consumed by the reaction itself. A catalyst may participate in multiple chemical transformations....

 the oxidation

Redox

Redox reactions describe all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed....

 of neutral and basic D-amino acids into their corresponding keto acids. DAOs have been characterised and sequenced in fungi

Fungus

A fungus is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds , as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from plants, animals, and bacteria...

 and vertebrates where they are known to be located in the peroxisomes. D-aspartate oxidase

D-aspartate oxidase

In enzymology, a D-aspartate oxidase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThe 3 substrates of this enzyme are D-aspartate, H2O, and O2, whereas its 3 products are oxaloacetate, NH3, and H2O2....

  (DASOX) is an enzyme, structurally related to DAO, which catalyses the same reaction but is active only toward dicarboxylic D-amino acids. In DAO, a conserved

Conserved sequence

In biology, conserved sequences are similar or identical sequences that occur within nucleic acid sequences , protein sequences, protein structures or polymeric carbohydrates across species or within different molecules produced by the same organism...

 histidine

Histidine

Histidine Histidine, an essential amino acid, has a positively charged imidazole functional group. It is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids. Its codons are CAU and CAC. Histidine was first isolated by German physician Albrecht Kossel in 1896. Histidine is an essential amino acid in humans...

 has been shown to be important for the enzyme

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...

's catalytic activity.