Eyre (legal term)
Encyclopedia
An Eyre or Iter was the name of a circuit traveled by an itinerant justice
in medieval England
, or the circuit court
he presided over , or the right of the king (or justices acting in his name) to visit and inspect the holdings of any vassal. The eyre involved visits and inspections at irregular intervals of the houses of all vassal
s in the kingdom, and often provoked terror in the populace; the 1233 Eyre of Cornwall
, for example, caused most of the population to flee into the woods.
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is supposed to conduct the trial impartially and in an open...
in medieval England
England in the Middle Ages
England in the Middle Ages concerns the history of England during the Medieval period — from the end of Roman rule in Britain through to the Early Modern period...
, or the circuit court
Circuit court
Circuit court is the name of court systems in several common law jurisdictions.-History:King Henry II instituted the custom of having judges ride around the countryside each year to hear appeals, rather than forcing everyone to bring their appeals to London...
he presided over , or the right of the king (or justices acting in his name) to visit and inspect the holdings of any vassal. The eyre involved visits and inspections at irregular intervals of the houses of all vassal
Vassal
A vassal or feudatory is a person who has entered into a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe. The obligations often included military support and mutual protection, in exchange for certain privileges, usually including the grant of land held...
s in the kingdom, and often provoked terror in the populace; the 1233 Eyre of Cornwall
Cornwall
Cornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England, within the United Kingdom. It is bordered to the north and west by the Celtic Sea, to the south by the English Channel, and to the east by the county of Devon, over the River Tamar. Cornwall has a population of , and covers an area of...
, for example, caused most of the population to flee into the woods.
Itinerant justices
- 1177 Robert MarmionRobert MarmionRobert Marmion was an English nobleman and itinerant justice. He was reputed to have been the King's Champion. He was descended from the lords of Fontenay le Marmion in Normandy, who are said to have been hereditary champions of the Dukes of Normandy.-Ancestry:The first definite record of the...
- 1190 Simon of PattishallSimon of PattishallSimon of Pattishall was an English judge and civil servant who is considered the first Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. The first appearance of Pattishall in the records was in 1190, where he served as the escheator for Northamptonshire and also as a judge, serving in Westminster and as a...
- 1208 Richard of StainesRichard of StainesRichard of Staines was an English clerical judge. He acted as an Itinerant Justice, visiting 11 counties in 1208 before his appointment as a justice of the Court of King's Bench in 1209. He became Lord Chief Justice in 1269, and after the coronation of Edward I in 1273 was moved to the Court of...
- 1209 Gerard de CamvilleGerard de CamvilleGerard de Camville was an English nobleman, judge, and supporter of King John.His father was Richard de Camville, a baron and administrator under Kings Stephen and Henry II. The name Camville occurs in the Battle Abbey Roll....
- 1217 Thomas de Multon
- 1218 Walter of PattishallWalter of PattishallWalter of Pattishall was a British justice and administrator. He was the eldest son of Simon of Pattishall, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and elder brother of High of Pattishall, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield...
- 1225 John de BaalunJohn de BaalunJohn de Baalun or Balun , was a justice itinerant and baron.Baalun possessed estates in Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, and Wiltshire, and was descended from one Hameline de Baalun, who came over with William the Conqueror, built the castle of Abergavenny, and died after 1104...
- 1225 Martin of PattishallMartin of PattishallMartin of Pattishall was a British judge who took his name from the village of Pattishall in Yorkshire. He was the clerk of Simon of Pattishall, although they were apparently unrelated. By 1201 he was already respected enough to be collecting the Plea rolls from the clerks of other judges on Eyre...
- 1225 Richard de Veym
- 1225 Peter, abbot of Tewkesbury