Ettore Perrone di San Martino
Encyclopedia
Ettore Perrone conte di San Martino (Turin, January 12, 1789 – March 29, 1849) was an Italian politician and military leader.
in 1806, and left the following year as second lieutenant of infantry, participating in the campaigns of 1807 and 1809. He was wounded at Battle of Wagram
, earning the Legion of Honor. From 1810 to 1811, he was in Spain as a lieutenant in the Young Guard. On June 24, 1811 he joined the Grenadiers of the Old Guard
. Although injured, he left for the Russian campaign
using crutches. Promoted to Captain of Infantry, he fought at Lützen
and Bautzen
in May 1813 and was wounded with the bayonet, three times at the Battle of Montmirail
. On March 15, 1814, Napoleon appointed him commander of the 24th Infantry Battalion of the line. During the Hundred Days
, he was appointed Adjutant to General Gérard
.
. Henry Clay
attended the wedding.
. He became prime minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia
from 11 October to 16 December 1848. He declined to send representaives to Giuseppe Montanelli
's proposed Italian assembly.
He was mortally wounded at the Battle of Novara
in the Piedmont, Italy, on 22 March 1849, where, as a Lieutenant-Général, he commanded the left division.
The barracks "Perrone" , constructed between the 1850-1852, was dedicated to him. Currently the entire complex is used for the orientation center, of the University of the Piemonte
.
Hector Perrone di San-Martino married Jenny de Fay de La Tour Maubourg, daughter of Juste-Charles de Fay de La Tour-Maubourg
, and Anastasie de Lafayette
Jenny and comte Hector Perrone di San-Martino had two sons, Paolo Luigi, comte Perrone di San Martino (1834–1897), and Roberto Perrone di San Martino (1836–1900), and a daughter, Louise Perrone Di San Martino (1 October 1838 - 14 November 1880), who married the comte Félix Rignon (1829–1914). Louise and Félix Rignon had two children, Édouard Rignon (1861–1932), and Maria Rignon (1858–1950).
His great-great-granddaughter is Paola Ruffo di Calabria
, Queen of the Belgians. .
French Military Service
He enlisted as a volunteer soldier, in the infantry in 1806, in the "Legion du Midi". He graduated from Saint-CyrÉcole Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
The École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr is the foremost French military academy. Its official name is . It is often referred to as Saint-Cyr . Its motto is "Ils s'instruisent pour vaincre": literally "They study to vanquish" or "Training for victory"...
in 1806, and left the following year as second lieutenant of infantry, participating in the campaigns of 1807 and 1809. He was wounded at Battle of Wagram
Battle of Wagram
The Battle of Wagram was the decisive military engagement of the War of the Fifth Coalition. It took place on the Marchfeld plain, on the north bank of the Danube. An important site of the battle was the village of Deutsch-Wagram, 10 kilometres northeast of Vienna, which would give its name to the...
, earning the Legion of Honor. From 1810 to 1811, he was in Spain as a lieutenant in the Young Guard. On June 24, 1811 he joined the Grenadiers of the Old Guard
Old Guard
The Old Guard were the elite veteran elements of theEmperor Napoleon's Imperial Guard. As such it was the most prestigious formation in Napoleon's Grande Armée....
. Although injured, he left for the Russian campaign
Russian Campaign
The Russian campaign may refer to:* the Russian Campaign of Napoleon in 1812 * the World War II on the Eastern Front * The Russian Campaign, a strategic board wargame of the World War II on the Eastern Front 1941-1945....
using crutches. Promoted to Captain of Infantry, he fought at Lützen
Battle of Lützen (1813)
In the Battle of Lützen , Napoleon I of France lured a combined Prussian and Russian force into a trap, halting the advances of the Sixth Coalition after his devastating losses in Russia. The Russian commander, Prince Peter Wittgenstein, attempting to undo Napoleon's capture of Leipzig, attacked...
and Bautzen
Battle of Bautzen
In the Battle of Bautzen a combined Russian/Prussian army was pushed back by Napoleon, but escaped destruction, some sources claim, because Michel Ney failed to block their retreat...
in May 1813 and was wounded with the bayonet, three times at the Battle of Montmirail
Battle of Montmirail
The Battle of Montmirail was a battle fought near Montmirail, France, during the Six Days Campaign of the Napoleonic Wars. It was fought on February 11, 1814, and resulted in the victory of the French under Emperor Napoleon I over the Russians under General Fabian Wilhelm von Osten-Sacken and the...
. On March 15, 1814, Napoleon appointed him commander of the 24th Infantry Battalion of the line. During the Hundred Days
Hundred Days
The Hundred Days, sometimes known as the Hundred Days of Napoleon or Napoleon's Hundred Days for specificity, marked the period between Emperor Napoleon I of France's return from exile on Elba to Paris on 20 March 1815 and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII on 8 July 1815...
, he was appointed Adjutant to General Gérard
Étienne Maurice Gérard
Étienne Maurice Gérard, comte Gérard was a French general and statesman. He served under a succession of French governments including the ancien regime monarchy, the Revolutionary governments, the Restorations, the July Monarchy, the First and Second Republics, and the First Empire , becoming...
.
Italian Unification
He was arrested on March 3, 1821 at the border, returning from Paris. He was involved in the Piedmont insurrection of 1821, was condemned to death but fled to France, where he joined the army and reached the rank of General. On February 2, 1833, during his exile in France, he married Jenny de Fay de La Tour-Maubourg, the granddaughter of the Marquis de La FayetteGilbert du Motier, marquis de La Fayette
Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de La Fayette , often known as simply Lafayette, was a French aristocrat and military officer born in Chavaniac, in the province of Auvergne in south central France...
. Henry Clay
Henry Clay
Henry Clay, Sr. , was a lawyer, politician and skilled orator who represented Kentucky separately in both the Senate and in the House of Representatives...
attended the wedding.
Italian Military Service
In 1848 he was invited by the provisional government of Milan to join the Army of LombardyLombardy
Lombardy is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The capital is Milan. One-sixth of Italy's population lives in Lombardy and about one fifth of Italy's GDP is produced in this region, making it the most populous and richest region in the country and one of the richest in the whole of Europe...
. He became prime minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia
Kingdom of Sardinia
The Kingdom of Sardinia consisted of the island of Sardinia first as a part of the Crown of Aragon and subsequently the Spanish Empire , and second as a part of the composite state of the House of Savoy . Its capital was originally Cagliari, in the south of the island, and later Turin, on the...
from 11 October to 16 December 1848. He declined to send representaives to Giuseppe Montanelli
Giuseppe Montanelli
Giuseppe Montanelli was an Italian statesman and author.- Biography :Montanelli was born at Fucecchio, then part of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, and in 1840 was appointed law professor at Pisa....
's proposed Italian assembly.
He was mortally wounded at the Battle of Novara
Battle of Novara (1849)
The Battle of Novara or Battle of Bicocca was one of the battles fought between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Sardinia during the First Italian War of Independence, within the era of Italian unification...
in the Piedmont, Italy, on 22 March 1849, where, as a Lieutenant-Général, he commanded the left division.
The barracks "Perrone" , constructed between the 1850-1852, was dedicated to him. Currently the entire complex is used for the orientation center, of the University of the Piemonte
University of Eastern Piedmont
The University of Eastern Piedmont Amedeo Avogadro is a university located in Alessandria, Novara and Vercelli, Italy. It was founded in 1998 and is organized in 7 faculties...
.
Family
His sister Caroline married Just Pons Florimond marquis de La Tour-Maubourg, in 1837.Hector Perrone di San-Martino married Jenny de Fay de La Tour Maubourg, daughter of Juste-Charles de Fay de La Tour-Maubourg
Juste-Charles de Fay de La Tour-Maubourg
Juste-Charles de Faÿ de la Tour-Maubourg married Anastasie de La Fayette , the daughter of marquis de Lafayette, and Adrienne de La Fayette....
, and Anastasie de Lafayette
Jenny and comte Hector Perrone di San-Martino had two sons, Paolo Luigi, comte Perrone di San Martino (1834–1897), and Roberto Perrone di San Martino (1836–1900), and a daughter, Louise Perrone Di San Martino (1 October 1838 - 14 November 1880), who married the comte Félix Rignon (1829–1914). Louise and Félix Rignon had two children, Édouard Rignon (1861–1932), and Maria Rignon (1858–1950).
His great-great-granddaughter is Paola Ruffo di Calabria
Queen Paola of Belgium
Paola, Queen of the Belgians , is the queen consort of Albert II of Belgium....
, Queen of the Belgians. .
Source
- Geneall.net
- Paul Ginsborg, Daniele Manin and the Venetian Revolution of 1848-49
- Howard McGaw Smyth, Piedmont and Prussia, the influence of the campaigns of 1848-1849 on the Constitutional Development of Italy, The American Historical Review, Vol LV, No.3, April 1950
- The Battle of Novaro, Forces in the Field, lastoria.org