Elisabeth of Austria (d.1353)
Encyclopedia
Elisabeth of Austria also known as Isabelle, was a daughter of Albert I of Germany
and his wife Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.
, Frederick the Fair, Leopold I, Duke of Austria
, Albert II, Duke of Austria
, Otto, Duke of Austria
and Agnes, Queen of Hungary
and Anna, Margravine of Brandenburg
.
Elisabeth's maternal grandparents were Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia
and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany
. Her paternal grandparents were Rudolph I of Germany
and his first wife, Gertrude of Hohenburg
. Elisabeth of Bavaria was daughter of Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
and his wife Agnes of the Palatinate
.
, so her father could make stronger connections with France
. On May 25, 1300 Elisabeth's eldest brother Rudolph I of Bohemia
married Blanche of France
, a daughter of Philip IV. After this marriage, Elisabeth's betrothal to one of Philip's sons was scrapped.
Elisabeth was instead married to Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine
. The contract was signed on 6 August 1306 and they married in 1307. From this marriage Elisabeth became Duchess of Lorraine and Frederick was able to support Elisabeth's brother Frederick the Fair, to become Holy Roman Emperor
. Elisabeth's husband was captured at the Battle of Mühldorf
, where he was fighting for Elisabeth's brother and was released by the King of France. Elisabeth became known as Isabelle in Lorriane.
We know that Elisabeth outlived Frederick but his date of death is disputed, he either died on April 21, 1329 or August 23, 1329, he may have also died during 1328. However, Frederick left Lorriane to their young son Rudolph who was not yet ten. Elisabeth became regent for her son. Her regency lasted from 1329 to 1331. Rudolph married aged only ten to Eleanor of Bar and made his father-in-law Edward I of Bar regent in place of Elisabeth.
Elisabeth died on 19 May 1353 and was buried at St George's in Lorraine's capital Nancy. She was later moved to St Paul's in Lavanttal.
Many of the couple's children died during childhood, only Rudolph and Margaret lived to adulthood.
Albert I of Germany
Albert I of Habsburg was King of the Romans and Duke of Austria, the eldest son of German King Rudolph I of Habsburg and his first wife Gertrude of Hohenburg.-Life:...
and his wife Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.
Family
Elisabeth was the tenth of twelve children. Her siblings included: Rudolph I of BohemiaRudolph I of Bohemia
Rudolf I of Habsburg was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1298 and King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland from 1306 until his death...
, Frederick the Fair, Leopold I, Duke of Austria
Leopold I, Duke of Austria
Leopold I from the House of Habsburg was Duke of Austria and Styria – as co-ruler with his elder brother Frederick the Fair – from 1308 until his death...
, Albert II, Duke of Austria
Albert II, Duke of Austria
Albert II of Austria , known as the Wise or the Lame, was Duke of Austria.-Life:Albert II was born at Habsburg, the son of Albert I of Germany, Rex Romanorum, and Elisabeth of Tirol...
, Otto, Duke of Austria
Otto, Duke of Austria
Otto IV, the Merry was a Duke of Austria and the youngest son of Albert I of Germany and Elisabeth of Tirol.Otto was born in Vienna. He had two brothers, namely Frederick the Handsome and Albert II...
and Agnes, Queen of Hungary
Agnes of Austria (1281-1364)
Agnes of Austria was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Tirol. She was Queen of Hungary by marriage. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.- Family :Agnes was one of twelve children...
and Anna, Margravine of Brandenburg
Anna of Austria (1275–1327)
Anna of Austria was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Tirol. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.- Family :Anna was born in Vienna the eighth of twelve children...
.
Elisabeth's maternal grandparents were Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia
Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia
Meinhard II from the House of Meinhardin was ruling Count of Gorizia from 1258 until 1271 and Count of Tyrol from 1258 until his death...
and Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany
Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany
Elisabeth of Bavaria was the queen consort of Conrad IV of Germany.-Family:She was the eldest daughter of Otto II, Duke of Bavaria and Agnes of the Palatinate...
. Her paternal grandparents were Rudolph I of Germany
Rudolph I of Germany
Rudolph I was King of the Romans from 1273 until his death. He played a vital role in raising the Habsburg dynasty to a leading position among the Imperial feudal dynasties...
and his first wife, Gertrude of Hohenburg
Gertrude of Hohenburg
Gertrude of Hohenzollern was the first Queen consort of Rudolph I of Germany.-Family:She was born to Burckhard III of Hohenzollern, Count of Hohenberg and his wife Mechtild of Tübingen....
. Elisabeth of Bavaria was daughter of Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto II of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine . He was a son of Louis I and Ludmilla of Bohemia and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.- Biography :...
and his wife Agnes of the Palatinate
Agnes of the Palatinate
Agnes of the Palatinate was a daughter of Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine and his first wife Agnes, daughter of Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine . Agnes was Duchess of Bavaria by her marriage to Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria....
.
Life
Elisabeth was betrothed at a young age to one of the sons of Philip IV of FrancePhilip IV of France
Philip the Fair was, as Philip IV, King of France from 1285 until his death. He was the husband of Joan I of Navarre, by virtue of which he was, as Philip I, King of Navarre and Count of Champagne from 1284 to 1305.-Youth:A member of the House of Capet, Philip was born at the Palace of...
, so her father could make stronger connections with France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. On May 25, 1300 Elisabeth's eldest brother Rudolph I of Bohemia
Rudolph I of Bohemia
Rudolf I of Habsburg was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1298 and King of Bohemia and titular King of Poland from 1306 until his death...
married Blanche of France
Blanche of France (1282–1305)
Blanche of France was consort to Rudolph I of Habsburg, Duke of Austria and Styria and son of King Albert I of Germany.-Family:...
, a daughter of Philip IV. After this marriage, Elisabeth's betrothal to one of Philip's sons was scrapped.
Elisabeth was instead married to Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine
Frederick IV , called the Fighter, was the Duke of Lorraine from 1312 to his death.-Biography:Frederick was born in Gondreville, the son and successor of Theobald II and Isabella of Rumigny....
. The contract was signed on 6 August 1306 and they married in 1307. From this marriage Elisabeth became Duchess of Lorraine and Frederick was able to support Elisabeth's brother Frederick the Fair, to become Holy Roman Emperor
Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor is a term used by historians to denote a medieval ruler who, as German King, had also received the title of "Emperor of the Romans" from the Pope...
. Elisabeth's husband was captured at the Battle of Mühldorf
Battle of Mühldorf
The Battle of Mühldorf was fought near Mühldorf am Inn on September 28, 1322 between the Duchy of Bavaria and Austria...
, where he was fighting for Elisabeth's brother and was released by the King of France. Elisabeth became known as Isabelle in Lorriane.
We know that Elisabeth outlived Frederick but his date of death is disputed, he either died on April 21, 1329 or August 23, 1329, he may have also died during 1328. However, Frederick left Lorriane to their young son Rudolph who was not yet ten. Elisabeth became regent for her son. Her regency lasted from 1329 to 1331. Rudolph married aged only ten to Eleanor of Bar and made his father-in-law Edward I of Bar regent in place of Elisabeth.
Elisabeth died on 19 May 1353 and was buried at St George's in Lorraine's capital Nancy. She was later moved to St Paul's in Lavanttal.
Children
Elisabeth and Frederick were married for twenty two years, in that time the couple had six children:- Rudolph, Duke of LorraineRudolph, Duke of LorraineRudolph , called the Valiant , was the Duke of Lorraine from 1329 to his death. He was the son and successor of Frederick IV and Elisabeth, daughter of Albert I of Germany, a Habsburg, whence his name...
(1320 – 26 August 1346), successor of his father - Frederick, Earl of Luneville
- Margaret (died 9 August 1376), married Jean de Chalon, lord of AuberiveAuberiveAuberive is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in Champagne-Ardenne region in north-eastern France.-Geography:The Aujon flows westward through the north-eastern part of the commune....
(died 1350), then Conrad, count of Friburg, and lastly Ulrich (died 1377), lord of Rappoltstein - Agnes (died young)
- Theobald (died young)
- Albert (died young)
Many of the couple's children died during childhood, only Rudolph and Margaret lived to adulthood.