Norway, like Germany, Austria and Switzerland uses single phase 15 kV AC railway electrification at 16 2/3 Hz (precisely) for electric train systems. However there are differences in the supply of power.
Nearly all power is derived from rotary converters or static inverters in the substations, which are fed with three-phase AC of 50 Hertz from the public grid. There are only two power stations generating single phase AC. That at Kjofossen, feeds its power directly in the overhead wire, while that at Hakavik supplies a small 55 kV single phase AC network, which feeds five substations. However at two substations, there are also converters.
In earlier days, Nygårds Hydroelectric Power Station

Nygårds Hydroelectric Power Station

Nygårds Power Station is a hydroelectric power plant in Storelva in Narvik at . It has a power output of 75 MW generated by three vertical Francis turbines. Originally, it was used also for the generation of single phase AC for the railway, but today only three phase AC is produced.- External links...

 delivered single phase AC for line between Narvik and Kiruna. The single phase AC line running to Sweden is now used between 68°26′51"N 17°27′27"E and 68°25′33"N 18°0′15"E as the 15 kV line for feeding the overhead wire.

Description

From Haugevik Power Plant, two 55 kV long single phase AC powerlines depart, one to Sande and the other to Sundhaugen Switching Station.
At Sundhaugen Switching Station, the lines depart: one over Skollenborg railway substation and Noragutu Substation to Neslandsvatn Substation and the other to Asker substation, which has an interesting track. It runs from Sundhaugen Switching Station northward and shares north of Foss at 59°43′05"N 9°51′38"E the towers of a three phase AC lines.
It runs then eastwards and passes three substations:

• Mjondalen at 59°44′41"N 10°01′02"E,
• Langum at 59°44′48"N 10°06′46"E
• Lierbyen at 59°47′43"N 10°15′10"E.

South of Ulvenvn substation at 59°48′20"N 10°20′13"E, it runs again on own towers overhead until termination tower at 59°49′26"N 10°24′33"E. The rest of line is underground.

Power Stations

Name	Town	Power	Year of inauguration	Coordinates
Hakavik Hakavik Power Station Hakavik Power Station is a hydroelectric power plant in Øvre Eiker, Norway with a power of 7 MW inaugurated in 1922.It generates only single phase AC for railway purpose and is the startpoint of a 55 kV- single phase AC powerline for traction current to Sande and an other to Sundhaugen Switching...	Øvre Eiker	7 MW	1922	59°37′29"N 9°57′13"E
Kjofossen Kjofossen Power Station Kjofossen Power Station is a hydroelectric power plant at Sogn og Fjordane, which was built during World War II. It was built in World War II and feeds its power partly in form of single phase AC with a frequency of 16.667 Hertz in the overhead wire of the railway to Bergen.- External links :*...	Sogn og Fjordane.	3.5 MW	194?	60°44′49"N 07°08′05"E

Substations fed from 55 kV Grid

Place	Coordinates
Asker	59°49′48"N 10°25′46"E
Neslandsvatn	58°58′32"N 9°09′11"E
Nordagutu	59°25′8"N 9°19′19"E
Sande	59°35′1"N 10°12′55"E, east of powerline crosses railway line at 59°34′51"N 10°12′26"E
Skollenberg	59°37′21"N 9°41′32"E

Switching Stations

Place	Coordinates
Sundhaugen	59°41′51"N 9°50′30"E

Substations with Converters

In Norway nearly all railway substations uses motor-generators which converts three phase AC from public grid into single phase AC. Most of these device are mounted on rail-cars for quick replacement. Some substations are in blind-ending tunnels.

The list may be incomplete and coordinates may be incorrect.

Place	Technology	Power	Year of inauguration	Coordinates
Alnabru				59°55′46"N 10°49′53"E
Asker				59°49′48"N 10°25′46"E
Bergen				60°23′12"N 5°20′19"E
Dale				60°34′55"N 5°48′24"E
Dombas				62°03′47"N 9°07′34"E
Fåberg				61°09′49"N 10°24′23"E
Fron				61°34′15"N 9°52′45"E
Ganddal				58°48′37"N 5°42′2"E
Haugastøl				60°30′41"N 7°52′21"E
Holmlia				59°49′42"N 10°47′55"E
Hønefoss				60°11′57"N 10°09′11"E
Jessheim				60°8′33"N 11°09′06"E
Kielland				58°29′42"N 6°01′58"E
Kongsvinger				60°11′26"N 11°59′11"E
Krossen				58°9′12"N 7°57′31"E
Larvik				59°2′55"N 10°3′45"E
Leivoll				58°16′01"N 7°27′09"E
Lillestrøm				59°57′12"N 11°03′28"E?
Lundamo				63°09′09"N 10°16′56"E?
Lunner				60°17′49"N 10°35′08"E
Mjøllfell				60°41′40"N 6°50′25"E
Narvik				68°24′15"N 17°46′51"E
Nelaug				58°39′33"N 8°37′39"E
Neslandsbyen				60°34′46"N 9°6′34"E
Nordagutu				59°25′8"N 9°19′19"E
Otta				61°46′58"N 9°32′32"E
Rudshøgda				60°54′57"N 10°49′16"E
Sarpborg				59°16′37"N 11°05′27"E
Sira				58°24′50"N 6°39′44"E
Smørbekk				59°30′12"N 10°42′56"E
Ski				59°43′11"N 10°50′0"E
Skoppum				59°22′40"N 10°24′36"E
Stavne				63°24′50"N 10°23′0"E
Tangen				60°37′26"N 11°15′16"E

External links

• http://www.ee.kth.se/php/modules/publications/reports/2010/IR-EE-ES_2010_006.pdf