Ed van der Elsken
Encyclopedia
Eduard "Ed" van der Elsken (10 March 1925 – 28 December 1990) was a Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

 photographer and filmmaker.

His imagery provides quotidian, intimate and autobiographic perspectives on the European zeitgeist spanning the period of the Second World War into the nineteen-seventies in the realms of love, sex, art, music (particularly jazz
Jazz
Jazz is a musical style that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States. It was born out of a mix of African and European music traditions. From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated music from 19th and 20th...

), and alternative culture.

Early life

Ed van der Elsken was born on March 10th 1925 in Amsterdam
Amsterdam
Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...

 in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

. In 1937, pursuing a desire to become a sculptor, he learned stone cutting at Amsterdam's Van Tetterode Steenhouwerij. After completing preliminary studies at Instituut voor Kunstnijverheidsonderwijs, the predecessor of the Rietveld Academy (dir. Mart Stam
Mart Stam
Mart Stam was a Dutch architect, urban planner, and furniture designer. Stam was extraordinarily well-connected, and his career intersects with important moments in the history of 20th century European architecture, including chair design at the Bauhaus, the Weissenhof Estate, the "Van Nelle...

), he enrolled (in 1944) in the professional sculpture program which he was forced to abandon to escape Nazi forced labour. That year, after the Battle of Arnhem
Battle of Arnhem
The Battle of Arnhem was a famous Second World War military engagement fought in and around the Dutch towns of Arnhem, Oosterbeek, Wolfheze, Driel and the surrounding countryside from 17–26 September 1944....

 he was stationed in a mine-disposal unit where he was first shown Picture Post
Picture Post
Picture Post was a prominent photojournalistic magazine published in the United Kingdom from 1938 to 1957. It is considered a pioneering example of photojournalism and was an immediate success, selling 1,700,000 copies a week after only two months...

 by British soldiers. Later, in 1947, he discovered American sensationalist photographer Weegee's
Weegee
Weegee was the pseudonym of Arthur Fellig , a photographer and photojournalist, known for his stark black and white street photography....

 Naked City. These encounters inspired his interest in photography and that year he took work in photo sales and attempted a correspondence course with the Fotovakschool in Den Haag, failing the final examination. He subsequently gained membership of the GKf (photographer's section of the federation of practitioners of the applied arts).

Paris

At the suggestion of Dutch photographer Emmy Andriesse
Emmy Andriesse
Emmy Eugenie Andriesse was a Dutch photographer best known for her work with the Underground Camera group during World War II. As a member, she illegally documented the devastation to land and life that occurred during the "winter of hunger" that took place between 1944-1945 in Amsterdam...

 (1914–1953) he moved in 1950 to Paris. He was employed in the darkrooms of the Magnum
Magnum Photos
Magnum Photos is an international photographic cooperative owned by its photographer-members, with offices located in New York, Paris, London and Tokyo...

 photography agency, printing for Henri Cartier-Bresson
Henri Cartier-Bresson
Henri Cartier-Bresson was a French photographer considered to be the father of modern photojournalism. He was an early adopter of 35 mm format, and the master of candid photography...

 (who was impressed with his street photography), Robert Capa
Robert Capa
Robert Capa was a Hungarian combat photographer and photojournalist who covered five different wars: the Spanish Civil War, the Second Sino-Japanese War, World War II across Europe, the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, and the First Indochina War...

 and Ernst Haas
Ernst Haas
Ernst Haas was an Austrian artist and influential photographer noted for his innovations in color photography, experiments in abstract light and form, and as a member of the Magnum Photos agency....

. There he met (then in 1954, married) fellow photographer Ata Kandó (b. 1913 Budapest, Hungary), twelve years his senior, living with her three children among the 'ruffians' and bohemians of Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

 from 1950 to 1954.
Ata was a principled documentarian whose pictures taken in the forests of the Amazon among the Piraoa and Yekuana tribes are her best known, but her more poetic leanings, exemplified in her later Droom in het Woud (Dream in the Wood 1957) must also have been an influence on van der Elsken and his decision to move from newspaper reportage to aim to become a magazine photojournalist. Consequently, much of his work documented his own energetic and eccentric life experience subjective
Subjectivity
Subjectivity refers to the subject and his or her perspective, feelings, beliefs, and desires. In philosophy, the term is usually contrasted with objectivity.-Qualia:...

ly, presaging the work of Larry Clark
Larry Clark
Lawrence Donald "Larry" Clark is an American film director, photographer, writer and film producer who is best known for the movie Kids and his photography book Tulsa...

, Nan Goldin
Nan Goldin
Nancy "Nan" Goldin is an American photographer.-Life and work:Goldin was born in Washington, D.C., and grew up in the Boston, Massachusetts suburb of Lexington, to middle class Jewish parents whose ideas, moderately liberal and progressive, were put to the test when on April 12, 1965 their eldest...

 or Wolfgang Tillmans
Wolfgang Tillmans
Wolfgang Tillmans is a German Fine-art photographer and artist. His comprehensive and diverse body of work is distinguished by observation of his surroundings and an ongoing investigation of the photographic medium’s foundations. In 2000, Tillmans was the first photographer and also the first...

. Thus his adopted family and their lives became the subjects of his photographs along with the people he met including, during this Paris period, Edward Steichen
Edward Steichen
Edward J. Steichen was an American photographer, painter, and art gallery and museum curator. He was the most frequently featured photographer in Alfred Stieglitz' groundbreaking magazine Camera Work during its run from 1903 to 1917. Steichen also contributed the logo design and a custom typeface...

 who used eighteen of the photographer's Saint-Germain-des-Prés
Saint-Germain-des-Prés
Saint-Germain-des-Prés is an area of the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France, located around the church of the former Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés....

 images in a survey show (1953) of Postwar European Photography and another in "The Family of Man
The Family of Man
The Family of Man was a photography exhibition curated by Edward Steichen first shown in 1955 at the Museum of Modern Art in New York.According to Steichen, the exhibition represented the 'culmination of his career'. The 508 photos by 273 photographers in 68 countries were selected from almost 2...

", and probably Robert Frank
Robert Frank
Robert Frank , born in Zürich, Switzerland, is an important figure in American photography and film. His most notable work, the 1958 photobook titled The Americans, was influential, and earned Frank comparisons to a modern-day de Tocqueville for his fresh and skeptical outsider's view of American...

 (who found and introduced European photographers to Steichen).
Another encounter was with Vali Myers
Vali Myers
Vali Myers was an Australian artist who specialized in fine pen and ink drawings, born in Canterbury, Sydney....

 (1930–2003) who became the haunting kohl-eyed heroine of his roman à clef
Roman à clef
Roman à clef or roman à clé , French for "novel with a key", is a phrase used to describe a novel about real life, overlaid with a façade of fiction. The fictitious names in the novel represent real people, and the "key" is the relationship between the nonfiction and the fiction...

 photo-novel "Een liefdesgeschiedenis in Saint-Germain-des-Prés" (Love on the left bank). This book, designed by Dutch graphic designer, sculptor, typographer Jurriaan (William) Schrofer (1926–1990) was the first of some twenty van der Elsken publications. It quickly sold out, and its filmic qualities led to his experiments with, and parallel career in, cinema. Amongst its pages can be found the faces not only of artists but also of nascent Lettrist International
Lettrist International
The Letterist International was a Paris-based collective of radical artists and theorists between 1952 and 1957. It was created by Guy Debord as a schism from Isidore Isou's Letterist group...

 members and Situationists at the cafe Chez Moineau. Twenty years later Myers re-appeared in his film 'Death in the Port Jackson Hotel' (1972, 36 min. 16 mm colour).

Amsterdam and international travel

Upon moving back to Amsterdam in 1955, he recorded members of the Dutch avant garde COBRA
COBRA (avant-garde movement)
COBRA was a European avant-garde movement active from 1948 to 1951. The name was coined in 1948 by Christian Dotremont from the initials of the members' home cities: Copenhagen , Brussels , Amsterdam .-History:...

, including Karel Appel
Karel Appel
Christiaan Karel Appel was a Dutch painter, sculptor, and poet. He started painting at the age of fourteen and studied at the Rijksakademie in Amsterdam in the 1940s...

 whom he later filmed (Karel Appel, componist korte versie, 1961, 4 min. 16 mm black & white). He separated from and divorced Ata Kando.

He then traveled extensively, to Bagara 1957 (now in Democratic Republic of Congo), and to Tokyo and Hong Kong in 1959 to 1960, with Gerda van der Veen (1935–2006) also a photographer, whom he married (25 September 1957). He filmed for Welkom In Het Leven, Lieve Kleine the homebirth of their second child, Daan, in the old-fashioned, working-class Nieuwmarkt
Nieuwmarkt
Nieuwmarkt is a square in the centre of the Dutch capital Amsterdam. The surrounding area is known as the Nieuwmarktbuurt ....

 in Amsterdam. This is an early example of cinema production with a small shoulder-mounted camera synced with sound. He continued in motion imagery his subjective stance in which the camera operator interacts live from behind the camera with subject, obviating the need for the intrusion of an interviewer or presenter, and recording the immediate experience. . His style was immediately influential on the television of Hans Keller Keller and Roelof Kiers and others.

Later Life

From 1971 he lived with his third wife, photographer Anneke Hilhorst (1949 - ), in the country near Edam, where their son, John, was born. During this period he continued to travel and worked prodigiously between film and photography, producing a further 14 books and broadcasting more than 20 films with the collaboration and assistance of Hillhorst.

His last film was Bye (1990, 1 hour 48 min, video, 16 mm film, colour and black & white) a characteristically courageous response to his terminal prostate cancer.
He died on 28 December 1990 in Edam
Edam
Edam is a city in the Dutch province of Noord-Holland. Combined with Volendam, Edam forms the municipality of Edam-Volendam. Approximately 7,380 people live in Edam. The whole municipality of Edam-Volendam has 28,492 inhabitants...

 in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...

.

Books

  • Een liefdesgeschiedenis in Saint Germain des Prés (1956)
  • Bagara (1958)
  • Jazz (Photobook)|Jazz (1959)
  • Dans Theater] (1960)
  • de Jong & van Dam NV 1912-1962 (1962)
  • Sweet life (1966)
  • Wereldreis in foto's vier delen (1967–1968)
  • Eye Love you (1977)
  • Zomaar een sloot ergens bij Edam (1977)
  • Hallo! (1978)
  • Amsterdam! Oude foto's 1947-1970 (1979)
  • Avonturen op het land (1980)
  • Parijs! Foto's 1950-1954 (1981)
  • Are you famous? (1985)
  • San-jeruman-de-pure no kol (1986)
  • Jong Nederland 'Adorabele rotzakken (1987)
  • Japan 1959-1960 (1987)
  • De ontdekking van Japan (1988)
  • Natlab (1989)
  • Once upon a time (photobook)|Once upon a time (1991)
  • Hong Kong
    Hong Kong
    Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour...

     (1997)

Films

  • 1955: Documentary on the Centre Europeen Oe Recherche Nucleaire in Geneva, VPRO (with Jan Vrijman)
  • late 1950s: Traffic Safety Film, VPRO (with Jan Vrijman)
  • late 1950s: Film about Van Gelders Paper Factory (badly underexposed). VPRO (with Jan Vrijman)
  • 1958: Safari Film commissioned by safari leader Menri Quintard (lost)
  • 1959-60: Travelogues, AVRO (lost)
  • 1960: Rond De Wereld Met Ed Van Der Elsken (Around the world with Ed van der Elsken) Year produced: ca. 1960, Camera: Ed van der Elsken, Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen, Sound: sound track missing. Technical assistant: Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen 16 mm. black-white 38' 18"
  • 1960 Handen (Hands), Broadcast: February 6. 1960, in Mensen kijken, VPRO, 16 mm, black-white, Sound: perfotape, 4' 43"
  • 1960 Homemovies 16 mm, black-white, silent 4' 00"
  • 1961 Van Varen (About sailing) Commissioned by: Koninklijke Nederlandse Reders Vereniging (Royal Dutch Shipowners' Association) Technical assistant: Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen, 16 mm, black-white, Sound: optical, 19' 55"
  • 1961 De Appel-Iep (Appel elm) Camera: Ed van der Elsken, Koen Wessing, Technical assistants: Johan van der Keuken. Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen, Koen Wessing, 16 mm, black-white, Sound: optical, 29' 16"
  • 1961 Bewogen Beweging (Moving motion) Broadcast: shown in the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam 16 mm, black-white, Sound: silent, 4' 06"
  • 1961 Karel Appel-Componist (Karei Appel, composer) Broadcast: shown in the Stedelijk Museum. Amsterdam, Technical assistant: Frits Weiland, 16 mm, black-white, Sound: optical, 16' 25"
  • 1962 Dylaby, Broadcast: shown in the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, 16 mm, black-white, Sound: optical 10' 00"
  • 1963: Welkom In Het Leven, Lieve Kleine (Welcome to life, dear little one) Broadcast: January 15, 1964 and January 24, 1982 VPRO, Technical assistant: Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen, 16 mm. black-white, Sound: perfotape, partially post-synchronised, 36' 00"
  • 1963 Lieverdjes (little darlings) 16 mm, black-white, Sound: silent, 10' 58"
  • 1963: Grenzen Van Het Leven (Margins of life). 16 mm, black-white, Sound: silent. 28' 16"
  • 1963: Spinoza, 16 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 40' 38"
  • 1965: Waterlooplein, 16 mm, black-white. Sound: perfotape. 12' 11"
  • 1965: Afbraakwaterlooplein 1 (Waterlooplein demolition 1). 35 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 5' 45"
  • 1965: Afbraakwaterlooplein 2 (Waterlooplein demolition 2). 16 mm and 35 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 2' 36"
  • 1965: Afbraakwaterloopleincrazyscope. 16 mm and 35 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 13' 59"
  • 1965: Afbraakenopbouw (Demolition and construction).35 mm. black-white. Sound: silent. 5' 45"
  • 1965: Fietsen (Cycling) 16 mm. black-white. Sound: silent. 10' 35"
  • 1965: Trots Israel (Proud I srael). Commissioned by: Willem Sandberg. 16 mm, black-white. Sound: optical. 16' 33"
  • 1965: Oberhausenxie Westdeutsche Kurzfilmtage. Broadcast: in Film '65, KRO. 16 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 7' 48"
  • 1965: Stiefbeen En Zoon ("Steptoe and Son"). 35 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 2' 48"
  • 1965: De Dokwerker (The dockworker). 35 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 0' 44"
  • 1967: Het Waterlooplein Verdwijnt (Waterlooplein disappears!) Broadcast: March B. 1967 in: Uit Bellevue. VARA. Sound recording: Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen. 16 mm. black-white. Sound: perfotape. 11' 32"
  • 1968: Orldwturmac. 35 mm, colour. Sound: silent. 3' 39"
  • 1970: Springende Man En Vrouw (Jumping man and woman). 35 mm, black-white. 1' 38"
  • 1971: De Verliefde Camera (The Infatuated Camera). Broadcast: June 24. 1971 VPRO. Camera: Ed van der Elsken. Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen. Technical assistants: Gerda van der Elsken-van der Veen, Bert Nienhuis. 16 mm, colour and black-white. Sound: optical. 42' 50"
  • 1972: Death In The Port Jackson Hotel, subtitle: Een portret van Vali Myers [A portrait of Vali Myers] Broadcast: September 28. 1972 VPRO. Montage: Co van Harten, Sound recording: Bert Nienhuis. 16 mm. colour. Sound: separate magnetic. 36' 12"
  • 1972: Spelen Maar... (Keep on playing...) Commissioned by: AVRO. Broadcast: October 28. 1972 AVRO. Sound recording: Gerda van der Veen. 16 mm. colour. Sound: separate magnetic. 80' 19"
  • 1972: Paardeleven (Horse's life) 16 mm. colour. Sound: perfotape. 8' 08"
  • 1972: Dleren Op Het Land (Animals in the countryside). 35 mm, black-white. Sound: silent. 1' 00"
  • 1972: Kogelstootster (Shot-putter). 35 mm, colour. Sound: silent. 1' 05"
  • 1973: Tom Ükker. 35 mm, colour. Sound: silent. 0' 32"
  • 1973: Edam. 16 mm, colour. Sound: silent. 8' 52"
  • 1973: Het Prins Bernhard Fonds Helpt (The Prince Bernhard Fund helps) I, II, III. Commissioned by: Prins Bernhard Fonds. 35 mm, colour. Sound: optical. 3' 50"
  • 1974: Slootje Springen (Ditch jumping). 35 mm. colour. Sound: silent. 0' 43"
  • 1976: Touwtrekken (Tug-of -war|). Commissioned by: Nederlandse Touwtrekkersbond. Technical assistant: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. .Super 8. colour. 14' 45"
  • 1978: Het Is Niet Mis Wat Zij Doen (What they're doing is a good thing): Een film van Memisa. Commissioned by: Memisa (Medical Mission Action). Broadcast: January 16, 1978 AVRO. Editing: Ed van der Elsken, Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Sound recording: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. 16 mm, colour (Super 8 original now lost). Sound: perfotape. 60' 00"
  • 1980: Avonturen Op Het Land (Adventures in the countryside). Broadcast: March 30, 1980 VPRO. Editing: Ed van der Elsken, Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Sound recording: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Super 8, colour. Sound: perfotape. 78' 41"
  • 1980: Cameratest Van Der Elsken. 16 mm, colour. Sound: silent. 2' 42"
  • 1981: Mlster Ed En De Sprekende Film (Mr. Ed and the talking film). Broadcast: May 31. 1981 VPRO. Editing: Ed van der Elsken. Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Super 8, colour. Sound: perfotape. 74' 31"
  • 1981: Welkom In Hetleven, Lieve Kleine Bis (Welcome to life, dear little one: the sequel). Broadcast: January 24. 1982 VPRQ. Sound recording: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Technical assistants: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. William Vogeler, Klaas Beunder, Anton van de Koppel, Henk Meinema. 16 mm, black-white and colour. Sound: perfotape. 38' 45"
  • 1981: World Press Photo. 16 mm, colour. Sound: perfotape. 4' 00"
  • 1982: Een Fotograaf Filmt Amsterdam (A photographer films Amsterdam!) Working title: Amsterdams Peil (Amsterdam sounding). Production company: MMC Film BV. (Thijs Chanowski). Commissioned by: Ministry of Culture, Recreation and Social Welfare and the City of Amsterdam. Broadcast: June 29, 19B3 VPRO. Technical assistants: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst, Klaas Beunder, Peter Hekma. Henk Meinema. 16 mm, ECN, colour. Sound: optical 57' 11"
  • 1990: Bye. Broadcast: January 27, 1991 VPRO. Camera: Ed van der Elsken, Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Editing: Ulrike Mischke. Sound recording: Ed van der Elsken, Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. Technical assistant: Anneke van der Elsken-Hilhorst. video, colour and black-white. 1 hour 48"

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