Earl Castle Stewart
Encyclopedia
Earl Castle Stewart, in the County of Tyrone, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland
. It was created in 1800 for Andrew Stuart, 1st Viscount Castle Stuart. The Stewart family descends from Sir Walter Stewart (died 1425), younger son of Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany
, son of Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany
, younger son of King Robert II of Scotland
. Sir Walter had several children born out of wedlock who were later legitimated. One son, Andrew Stuart, was created Lord Avandale (or Avondale) in 1459 and served as Lord Chancellor of Scotland
from 1460 to 1482. Another son, Walter Stewart, became feudal Baron of Morphie and was legitimized in 1479. His grandson Andrew Stewart was created Lord Avondale in circa 1499, a reveival of the title which had become extinct on his great-uncle's death in 1488. Lord Avondale was one of the many Scottish peers who were killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513.
He was succeeded by his elder son, the second Lord. He exchanged his lordship with Sir James Hamilton for the lordship of Ochiltrie and by Act of Parliament in 1542 was ordained to be styled Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie. His great-grandson, the third Lord Stuart of Ochiltree, was First Gentleman of the Bedchamber
to King James VI
(later James I of England). In 1611 he settled in Ulster
where he was granted 3,000 acres (12 km²) of land in County Tyrone
. In 1615 he resigned the feudal barony of Ochiltree and the peerage to his first cousin, Sir James Stuart (the son of James Stewart, 1st Earl of Arran, younger son of the second Lord; see the Lord Ochiltree
for further history of this title), with the consent of the Crown. In 1619 he was instead raised to the Peerage of Ireland
as Baron Castle Stuart, in the County of Tyrone. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He had already in 1628, one year before he succeeded his father in the barony, been created a Baronet in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia.
His eldest son, the third Baron, fought as a Royalist in the Civil War
. He had no sons and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Baron. He died childless and was succeeded by his uncle, the fifth Baron. He never married and on his death in 1685 the titles became dormant. They remained dormant for the next 89 years but were successfully claimed in 1774 by Andrew Thomas Stewart, who became the ninth Baron. He was the son of Robert Stewart, the de jure eighth Baron, son of Andrew Stuart, the de jure seventh Baron, son of Colonel The Hon. Robert Stewart (d.1662), the de jure sixth Baron Castle Stewart, third son of the first Baron. Lord Castle Stewart was baptised Andrew Thomas Stewart-Moore (Moore was the maiden name of his paternal grandmother) but assumed by Royal license the surname of Stewart only in 1775. In 1793 he was created Viscount Castle Stuart, in the County of Tyrone, in the Peerage of Ireland, and in 1800 he was further honoured when he was made Earl Castle Stewart, in the County of Tyrone, also in the Peerage of Ireland.
He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. His eldest son, the third Earl, died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Earl. His only son, the fifth Earl, assumed in 1867 by Royal licence the additional surname of Richardson (which was that of his father-in-law. He died without male issue and was succeeded by his first cousin, Andrew John Stuart, who became the sixth Earl. He was the second but eldest surviving son of Reverend the Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stuart, fourth son of the second Earl. His two elder sons were both killed in the First World War and he was therefore succeeded by his third son, the seventh Earl, Arthur Stuart in 1921. He represented Harborough
in the House of Commons
as a Unionist. Arthur Stuart married Eleanor May Guggenheim (eldest daughter of Irene Guggenheim (née Rothschild) and Solomon R Guggenheim) in December 1920. They had four sons. His two elder sons were both killed in the [Second World War]] and Arthur Stuart was succeeded in 1961 by his third son Arthur Patrick Avondale, the eighth Earl and 15th Baronet; present holder of the titles.
Another member of the Stuart/Stewart family was Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven
. He was a younger son of the first Lord Avondale (of the second creation).
The Earldom and Baronetcy are registered with the Crown Office (now Ministry of Justice), and recorded at the College of Arms, London.
The ancestral seat of the Earls Castle Stewart is Stuart Hall, Stewartstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, which remains in the ownership of the family.
The heir apparent
is the present holder's son Andrew Richard Charles Stuart, Viscount Stuart (b. 1953)
Peerage of Ireland
The Peerage of Ireland is the term used for those titles of nobility created by the English and later British monarchs of Ireland in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland. The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century. The ranks of the Irish peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl,...
. It was created in 1800 for Andrew Stuart, 1st Viscount Castle Stuart. The Stewart family descends from Sir Walter Stewart (died 1425), younger son of Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany
Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany
Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany was a leading Scottish nobleman, the son of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany and the grandson of King Robert II of Scotland, who founded the Stewart dynasty. In 1389 he was Justiciar North of the Forth. In 1402 he was captured at the Battle of Homildon Hill and would...
, son of Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany
Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany
Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany , a member of the Scottish royal house, served as Regent to three different Scottish monarchs...
, younger son of King Robert II of Scotland
Robert II of Scotland
Robert II became King of Scots in 1371 as the first monarch of the House of Stewart. He was the son of Walter Stewart, hereditary High Steward of Scotland and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert I and of his first wife Isabella of Mar...
. Sir Walter had several children born out of wedlock who were later legitimated. One son, Andrew Stuart, was created Lord Avandale (or Avondale) in 1459 and served as Lord Chancellor of Scotland
Lord Chancellor of Scotland
The Lord Chancellor of Scotland was a Great Officer of State in pre-Union Scotland.Holders of the office are known from 1123 onwards, but its duties were occasionally performed by an official of lower status with the title of Keeper of the Great Seal...
from 1460 to 1482. Another son, Walter Stewart, became feudal Baron of Morphie and was legitimized in 1479. His grandson Andrew Stewart was created Lord Avondale in circa 1499, a reveival of the title which had become extinct on his great-uncle's death in 1488. Lord Avondale was one of the many Scottish peers who were killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513.
He was succeeded by his elder son, the second Lord. He exchanged his lordship with Sir James Hamilton for the lordship of Ochiltrie and by Act of Parliament in 1542 was ordained to be styled Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie. His great-grandson, the third Lord Stuart of Ochiltree, was First Gentleman of the Bedchamber
Gentleman of the Bedchamber
A Gentleman of the Bedchamber was the holder of an important office in the royal household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain.-Description and functions:...
to King James VI
James I of England
James VI and I was King of Scots as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the English and Scottish crowns on 24 March 1603...
(later James I of England). In 1611 he settled in Ulster
Ulster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
where he was granted 3,000 acres (12 km²) of land in County Tyrone
County Tyrone
Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of modern day County Londonderry east of the River Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved out of Tyrone between 1610-1620 when that land went to the Guilds of London to set up profit making schemes based on...
. In 1615 he resigned the feudal barony of Ochiltree and the peerage to his first cousin, Sir James Stuart (the son of James Stewart, 1st Earl of Arran, younger son of the second Lord; see the Lord Ochiltree
Lord Ochiltree
Lord Ochiltree of Lord Stuart of Ochiltree was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. In 1542 Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale exchanged the lordship of Avondale with Sir James Hamilton for the lordship of Ochiltrie and by Act of Parliament was ordained to be styled Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie...
for further history of this title), with the consent of the Crown. In 1619 he was instead raised to the Peerage of Ireland
Peerage of Ireland
The Peerage of Ireland is the term used for those titles of nobility created by the English and later British monarchs of Ireland in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland. The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century. The ranks of the Irish peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl,...
as Baron Castle Stuart, in the County of Tyrone. He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He had already in 1628, one year before he succeeded his father in the barony, been created a Baronet in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia.
His eldest son, the third Baron, fought as a Royalist in the Civil War
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
. He had no sons and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Baron. He died childless and was succeeded by his uncle, the fifth Baron. He never married and on his death in 1685 the titles became dormant. They remained dormant for the next 89 years but were successfully claimed in 1774 by Andrew Thomas Stewart, who became the ninth Baron. He was the son of Robert Stewart, the de jure eighth Baron, son of Andrew Stuart, the de jure seventh Baron, son of Colonel The Hon. Robert Stewart (d.1662), the de jure sixth Baron Castle Stewart, third son of the first Baron. Lord Castle Stewart was baptised Andrew Thomas Stewart-Moore (Moore was the maiden name of his paternal grandmother) but assumed by Royal license the surname of Stewart only in 1775. In 1793 he was created Viscount Castle Stuart, in the County of Tyrone, in the Peerage of Ireland, and in 1800 he was further honoured when he was made Earl Castle Stewart, in the County of Tyrone, also in the Peerage of Ireland.
He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. His eldest son, the third Earl, died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Earl. His only son, the fifth Earl, assumed in 1867 by Royal licence the additional surname of Richardson (which was that of his father-in-law. He died without male issue and was succeeded by his first cousin, Andrew John Stuart, who became the sixth Earl. He was the second but eldest surviving son of Reverend the Hon. Andrew Godfrey Stuart, fourth son of the second Earl. His two elder sons were both killed in the First World War and he was therefore succeeded by his third son, the seventh Earl, Arthur Stuart in 1921. He represented Harborough
Harborough (UK Parliament constituency)
Harborough is a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-Boundaries:...
in the House of Commons
British House of Commons
The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which also comprises the Sovereign and the House of Lords . Both Commons and Lords meet in the Palace of Westminster. The Commons is a democratically elected body, consisting of 650 members , who are known as Members...
as a Unionist. Arthur Stuart married Eleanor May Guggenheim (eldest daughter of Irene Guggenheim (née Rothschild) and Solomon R Guggenheim) in December 1920. They had four sons. His two elder sons were both killed in the [Second World War]] and Arthur Stuart was succeeded in 1961 by his third son Arthur Patrick Avondale, the eighth Earl and 15th Baronet; present holder of the titles.
Another member of the Stuart/Stewart family was Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven
Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven
Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven was Master of the Scottish Artillery and third husband of Margaret Tudor, eldest daughter of Henry VII of England and Elizabeth of York.-Ancient lineage:...
. He was a younger son of the first Lord Avondale (of the second creation).
The Earldom and Baronetcy are registered with the Crown Office (now Ministry of Justice), and recorded at the College of Arms, London.
The ancestral seat of the Earls Castle Stewart is Stuart Hall, Stewartstown, County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, which remains in the ownership of the family.
Lords Avondale (c. 1499)
- Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Avondale (d. 1513)
- Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale (d. 1548) (exchanged lordship and styled Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie from 1542)
Lords Stuart of Ochiltrie (1542)
- Andrew Stewart, 1st Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie (d. 1548)
- Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie (c. 1521–1591)
- Andrew Stuart, 3rd Lord Stuart of Ochiltrie (d. 1560–1629) (resigned lordship in 1615 and created Baron Castle Stewart in 1619)
Barons Castle Stewart (1619)
- Andrew Stewart, 1st Baron Castle Stewart (1560–1629)
- Andrew Stewart, 2nd Baron Castle Stewart (d. 1639)
- Andrew Stewart, 3rd Baron Castle Stewart (d. 1650)
- Josias Stewart, 4th Baron Castle Stewart (d. 1662)
- John Stewart, 5th Baron Castle Stewart (d. 1685) (dormant 1685)
- Robert Stewart, de jure 6th Baron Castle Stewart (d. 1686)
- Andrew Stewart, de jure 7th Baron Castle Stewart (1672–1715)
- Robert Stewart, de jure 8th Baron Castle Stewart (1700–1742)
- Andrew Thomas Stewart, 9th Baron Castle Stewart (1725–1809) (claimed 1774; created Earl Castle Stewart in 1800)
Earls Castle Stewart (1800)
- Andrew Thomas Stuart, 1st Earl Castle Stewart (1725–1809)
- Robert Stuart, 2nd Earl Castle Stewart (1784–1854)
- Edward Stuart, 3rd Earl Castle Stewart(1807–1857)
- Charles Knox Stuart, 4th Earl Castle Stewart (1810–1874)
- Henry James Stuart-Richardson, 5th Earl Castle Stewart (1837–1914)
- Andrew John Stuart, 6th Earl Castle Stewart (1841–1921)
- Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle StewartArthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle StewartThe Rt. Hon. Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle Stewart, MC , known as Viscount Stuart from 1915 to 1921, was an Anglo-Irish peer and Unionist politician....
(1889–1961) - Arthur Patrick Avondale Stuart, 8th Earl Castle Stewart (b. 1928)
The heir apparent
Heir apparent
An heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
is the present holder's son Andrew Richard Charles Stuart, Viscount Stuart (b. 1953)
See also
- Duke of Albany (1398 creation)Duke of AlbanyDuke of Albany is a peerage title that has occasionally been bestowed on the younger sons in the Scottish, and later the British, royal family, particularly in the Houses of Stuart and Hanover....
- Lord Avandale
- Lord Ochiltrie
- Earl of Arran (1581 creation)Earl of ArranEarl of Arran is a title in both the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of Ireland. The two titles refer to different places, the Isle of Arran in Scotland, and the Aran Islands in Ireland...