ENOD40
Encyclopedia
enod40, also known as early nodulin 40, is a gene
found in flowering plant
s. The gene has characteristics of both protein
and Non-coding RNA
genes. There is
some evidence that the non-coding characteristics of this gene are more widely conserved than the
protein coding sequences.
In soyabeans enod40 was found to be expressed during
early stages of formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules that are associated with symbiotic soil rhizobial bacteria
.
The gene is also active in roots containing fungi forming phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhiza
.
An interaction with a novel RNA-binding protein
MtRBP1 (Medicago truncatula
RNA-binding protein
1) investigated in the development of Root nodule
suggests ENOD40 has a function of cytoplasmic relocalization of nuclear proteins.
In the study of non-legume plants, the over-expression of ENOD40 in transgenic Arabidopsis lines was observed a reduction of cell expansion.
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
found in flowering plant
Flowering plant
The flowering plants , also known as Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants like the gymnosperms and can be distinguished from the gymnosperms by a series of synapomorphies...
s. The gene has characteristics of both protein
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
and Non-coding RNA
Non-coding RNA
A non-coding RNA is a functional RNA molecule that is not translated into a protein. Less-frequently used synonyms are non-protein-coding RNA , non-messenger RNA and functional RNA . The term small RNA is often used for short bacterial ncRNAs...
genes. There is
some evidence that the non-coding characteristics of this gene are more widely conserved than the
protein coding sequences.
In soyabeans enod40 was found to be expressed during
early stages of formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules that are associated with symbiotic soil rhizobial bacteria
Rhizobia
Rhizobia are soil bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes . Rhizobia require a plant host; they cannot independently fix nitrogen...
.
The gene is also active in roots containing fungi forming phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhiza
Arbuscular mycorrhiza
An arbuscular mycorrhiza is a type of mycorrhiza in which the fungus penetrates the cortical cells of the roots of a vascular plant....
.
An interaction with a novel RNA-binding protein
RNA-binding protein
RNA-binding proteins are proteins that bind to RNA. They bind to either double-strand or single-strand RNAs through RNA recognition motif . RNA-binding proteins may regulate the translation of RNA, and post-transcriptional events, such as RNA splicing, editing.They are cytoplasmic and nuclear...
MtRBP1 (Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula
Medicago truncatula is a small legume native to the Mediterranean region that is used in genomic research. It is a low-growing, clover-like plant 10–60 cm tall with trifoliate leaves. Each leaflet is rounded, 1–2 cm long, often with a dark spot in the center...
RNA-binding protein
RNA-binding protein
RNA-binding proteins are proteins that bind to RNA. They bind to either double-strand or single-strand RNAs through RNA recognition motif . RNA-binding proteins may regulate the translation of RNA, and post-transcriptional events, such as RNA splicing, editing.They are cytoplasmic and nuclear...
1) investigated in the development of Root nodule
Root nodule
Root nodules occur on the roots of plants that associate with symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, capable plants form a symbiotic relationship with a host-specific strain of bacteria known as rhizobia...
suggests ENOD40 has a function of cytoplasmic relocalization of nuclear proteins.
In the study of non-legume plants, the over-expression of ENOD40 in transgenic Arabidopsis lines was observed a reduction of cell expansion.