Dysostosis
Encyclopedia
A dysostosis is a disorder of the development of bone
, in particular affecting ossification
.
Examples include craniofacial dysostosis, Klippel-Feil syndrome
, and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
.
It is one of the two categories of constitutional disorders of bone (the other being osteochondrodysplasia
.
When the disorder involves the joint
between two bones, the term synostosis
is often used.
Bone
Bones are rigid organs that constitute part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue...
, in particular affecting ossification
Ossification
Ossification is the process of laying down new bone material by cells called osteoblasts. It is synonymous with bone tissue formation...
.
Examples include craniofacial dysostosis, Klippel-Feil syndrome
Klippel-Feil syndrome
Klippel–Feil syndrome is a rare disease, initially reported in 1912 by Maurice Klippel and André Feil from France, characterized by the congenital fusion of any 2 of the 7 cervical vertebrae....
, and Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome , also known as broad thumb-hallux syndrome or Rubinstein syndrome, is a condition characterized by short stature, moderate to severe learning difficulties, distinctive facial features, and broad thumbs and first toes. Other features of the disorder vary among affected...
.
It is one of the two categories of constitutional disorders of bone (the other being osteochondrodysplasia
Osteochondrodysplasia
Osteochondrodysplasia is a general term for a disorder of the development of bone and cartilage .-Achondroplasia:Achondroplasia is a type of autosomal dominant genetic disorder that is a common cause ofdwarfism...
.
When the disorder involves the joint
Joint
A joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact. They are constructed to allow movement and provide mechanical support, and are classified structurally and functionally.-Classification:...
between two bones, the term synostosis
Synostosis
Synostosis is the abnormal fusion of neighbor bones. It is a type of dysostosis.Examples of synostoses include: craniosynostosis- being an abnormal fusion of two or more cranial bones, radio-ulnar synostosis- being the abnormal fusion of the radius and ulna bones of the forearm, tarsal coalition -...
is often used.