Dubove, Ukraine
Encyclopedia
Dubove is an Urban-type settlement
situated in the Carpathian Mountains
in the Zakarpattia Oblast
of western Ukraine
. While officially designated as an urban-type settlement, Dubove's character and composition more closely resembles that of a village
. The current estimated population is around 8,900 (as of 2006).
The area once known as Subcarpathia, which includes present-day Dubove (originally settled as Dombo), was part of the Kingdom of Hungary
from the 10th century until 1919. Located in the county of Máramaros
, Dombo gained prominence in 1755 when it became the site of the district's forestry office, which drew skilled lumberjack
s and their families from Bohemia
. Following the end of World War I
in 1919, Subcarpathia, including Dombo, was annexed by the newly created Czechoslovak Republic
and was given its current name, Dubove, a derivative of the Slavic
word for oak tree (дуб). During World War II
, Dubove was occupied by pro-Nazi Hungary
. In 1930, 706 (or nearly 16%) of Dubove's 4,416 inhabitants were Jewish. But by the end of World War II, virtually all of the Jews had been exterminated. The Red Army
occupied Dubove in 1945 and the village was officially incorporated into the Soviet Union
the following year. In 1969, Dubove became home to a major Soviet plant, the Zakarpattia Helicopter Production Enterprise, creating an influx of new settlers and eventually raising the population of the village to over 10,000. By far the largest employer in the area, the factory was responsible for funding several projects in the village, including a stadium and technical school. But after the fall of the Soviet Union
in 1991, the factory laid off roughly 5,000 workers and Dubove fell on hard times. Although the factory still creates helicopters today, most of its resources are devoted to producing commercial airplane seats, satellite antennas, and children's sled
s.
, with Russian, Hungarian, and Roma minorities.
Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlement ; , selyshche mis'koho typu ) is an official designation for a type of locality used in some of the countries of the former Soviet Union...
situated in the Carpathian Mountains
Carpathian Mountains
The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a range of mountains forming an arc roughly long across Central and Eastern Europe, making them the second-longest mountain range in Europe...
in the Zakarpattia Oblast
Zakarpattia Oblast
The Zakarpattia Oblast is an administrative oblast located in southwestern Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Uzhhorod...
of western Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. While officially designated as an urban-type settlement, Dubove's character and composition more closely resembles that of a village
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
. The current estimated population is around 8,900 (as of 2006).
History
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
from the 10th century until 1919. Located in the county of Máramaros
Máramaros
Máramaros is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in north-western Romania and western Ukraine...
, Dombo gained prominence in 1755 when it became the site of the district's forestry office, which drew skilled lumberjack
Lumberjack
A lumberjack is a worker in the logging industry who performs the initial harvesting and transport of trees for ultimate processing into forest products. The term usually refers to a bygone era when hand tools were used in harvesting trees principally from virgin forest...
s and their families from Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
. Following the end of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
in 1919, Subcarpathia, including Dombo, was annexed by the newly created Czechoslovak Republic
Czechoslovak Republic
Czechoslovak Republic was the official name of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1938 and between 1945 and 1960. See*First Czechoslovak Republic*Second Czechoslovak Republic...
and was given its current name, Dubove, a derivative of the Slavic
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
word for oak tree (дуб). During World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, Dubove was occupied by pro-Nazi Hungary
Hungary during World War II
Hungary during World War II was a member of the Axis powers. In the 1930s, the Kingdom of Hungary relied on increased trade with Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany to pull itself out of the Great Depression. By 1938, Hungarian politics and foreign policy had become increasingly pro-Fascist Italian and...
. In 1930, 706 (or nearly 16%) of Dubove's 4,416 inhabitants were Jewish. But by the end of World War II, virtually all of the Jews had been exterminated. The Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
occupied Dubove in 1945 and the village was officially incorporated into the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
the following year. In 1969, Dubove became home to a major Soviet plant, the Zakarpattia Helicopter Production Enterprise, creating an influx of new settlers and eventually raising the population of the village to over 10,000. By far the largest employer in the area, the factory was responsible for funding several projects in the village, including a stadium and technical school. But after the fall of the Soviet Union
History of the Soviet Union (1985-1991)
The history of the Soviet Union from 1982 through 1991, spans the period from Leonid Brezhnev's death and funeral until the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Due to the years of Soviet military buildup at the expense of domestic development, economic growth stagnated...
in 1991, the factory laid off roughly 5,000 workers and Dubove fell on hard times. Although the factory still creates helicopters today, most of its resources are devoted to producing commercial airplane seats, satellite antennas, and children's sled
Sled
A sled, sledge, or sleigh is a land vehicle with a smooth underside or possessing a separate body supported by two or more smooth, relatively narrow, longitudinal runners that travels by sliding across a surface. Most sleds are used on surfaces with low friction, such as snow or ice. In some cases,...
s.
Geography
Dubove is located approximately halfway along the path of the River Teresva. It is regarded as the economic center of the tri-village area, which includes Ganichi and Kalyny.Nearby villages
- Krasna - north 5.6km
- Ust'-Chorna (Királymező in Hungarian and Königsfeld in German) - north 15km
- Kalyny - south 3km
- Ganichi - south 6km
- Neresnytsya - southwest 10.4 km
Education
Dubove has one technical school, one secondary school, three primary schools, and a music school.Demographics
The majority of the inhabitants are UkrainianUkrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
, with Russian, Hungarian, and Roma minorities.