Dopa decarboxylase inhibitor
Encyclopedia
An aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase inhibitor (synonyms: DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, DDCI and AAADI) is a drug
which inhibits the synthesis
of dopamine
by the enzyme
aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
(AAAD, or DOPA decarboxylase, DDC).
DDCIs incapable of crossing the protective blood-brain-barrier (BBB) are used in augmentation of L-DOPA (Levodopa) in the treatment
of Parkinson's disease
(PD) to block the peripheral conversion of L-DOPA into dopamine for the purpose of reducing adverse side effect
s. Combined l-dopa and DDCI therapy does not inherently decrease peripheral cardiovascular side effects of l-dopa administration; however, combined therapy potentiates the central effects of l-dopa by decreasing the dose-dependency 4-5 fold, therein allowing for effective Parkinson's Disease treatment without cardiovascular risk associated with high peripheral dopamine.
Drug
A drug, broadly speaking, is any substance that, when absorbed into the body of a living organism, alters normal bodily function. There is no single, precise definition, as there are different meanings in drug control law, government regulations, medicine, and colloquial usage.In pharmacology, a...
which inhibits the synthesis
Synthesis
In general, the noun synthesis refers to a combination of two or more entities that together form something new; alternately, it refers to the creating of something by artificial means...
of dopamine
Dopamine
Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter present in a wide variety of animals, including both vertebrates and invertebrates. In the brain, this substituted phenethylamine functions as a neurotransmitter, activating the five known types of dopamine receptors—D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5—and their...
by the enzyme
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...
aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase is a lyase enzyme.-Reactions:It catalyzes several different decarboxylation reactions:* L-DOPA to dopamine - a neurotransmitter* 5-HTP to serotonin - also a neurotransmitter...
(AAAD, or DOPA decarboxylase, DDC).
Indications
PeripheralPeripheral
A peripheral is a device attached to a host computer, but not part of it, and is more or less dependent on the host. It expands the host's capabilities, but does not form part of the core computer architecture....
DDCIs incapable of crossing the protective blood-brain-barrier (BBB) are used in augmentation of L-DOPA (Levodopa) in the treatment
Therapy
This is a list of types of therapy .* Adventure therapy* Animal-assisted therapy* Aquatic therapy* Aromatherapy* Art and dementia* Art therapy* Authentic Movement* Behavioral therapy* Bibliotherapy* Buteyko Method* Chemotherapy...
of Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system...
(PD) to block the peripheral conversion of L-DOPA into dopamine for the purpose of reducing adverse side effect
Adverse effect
In medicine, an adverse effect is a harmful and undesired effect resulting from a medication or other intervention such as surgery.An adverse effect may be termed a "side effect", when judged to be secondary to a main or therapeutic effect. If it results from an unsuitable or incorrect dosage or...
s. Combined l-dopa and DDCI therapy does not inherently decrease peripheral cardiovascular side effects of l-dopa administration; however, combined therapy potentiates the central effects of l-dopa by decreasing the dose-dependency 4-5 fold, therein allowing for effective Parkinson's Disease treatment without cardiovascular risk associated with high peripheral dopamine.
List of DDCIs
- BenserazideBenserazideBenserazide is a peripherally-acting aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase or DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor, which is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier.- Indications :...
(Madopar, Prolopa, Modopar, Madopark, Neodopasol, EC-Doparyl, etc) - CarbidopaCarbidopaCarbidopa is a drug given to people with Parkinson's disease in order to inhibit peripheral metabolism of levodopa.- Pharmacology :...
(Lodosyn, Sinemet, Parcopa, Atamet, Stalevo, etc) - MethyldopaMethyldopaMethyldopa is an alpha-adrenergic agonist psychoactive drug used as a sympatholytic or antihypertensive. Its use is now mostly deprecated following the introduction of alternative safer classes of agents...
(Aldomet, Aldoril, Dopamet, Dopegyt, etc)