Docosapentaenoic acid
Encyclopedia
Docosapentaenoic acid designates any straight chain 22:5 fatty acid
.
Two isomers are of particular interest
Fatty acid
In chemistry, especially biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long unbranched aliphatic tail , which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have a chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are usually derived from...
.
- See essential fatty acid#nomenclature for nomenclature.
Two isomers are of particular interest
- all-cis-7,10,13,16,19-docosapentaenoic acid is an ω-3 fatty acidOmega-3 fatty acidN−3 fatty acids are essential unsaturated fatty acids with a double bond starting after the third carbon atom from the end of the carbon chain....
with the trivial name clupanodonic acid, commonly called DPA. It is an intermediary between eicosapentaenoic acidEicosapentaenoic acidEicosapentaenoic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid. In physiological literature, it is given the name 20:5. It also has the trivial name timnodonic acid...
(EPA, 20:5 ω-3) and docosahexaenoic acidDocosahexaenoic acidDocosahexaenoic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid that is a primary structural component of the human brain and retina. In chemical structure, DHA is a carboxylic acid with a 22-carbon chain and six cis double bonds; the first double bond is located at the third carbon from the omega end...
(DHA, 22:6 ω-3). Seal oil is a rich source. - all-cis-4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid is an ω-6 fatty acidOmega-6 fatty acidn−6 fatty acids are a family of unsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon–carbon double bond in the n−6 position, that is, the sixth bond, counting from the methyl end.The biological effects of the n−6 fatty acids are largely mediated by their conversion to n-6 eicosanoids...
with the trivial name Osbond acid. It is formed by an elongation and desaturation of arachidonic acidArachidonic acidArachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid 20:4.It is the counterpart to the saturated arachidic acid found in peanut oil, Arachidonic acid (AA, sometimes ARA) is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid 20:4(ω-6).It is the counterpart to the saturated arachidic acid found in peanut oil,...
20:4 ω-6. In mammals, clupanodonic acid deficiency is accompanied by an increase of this isomer; the Osbond/DHA ratio is thus a marker of dietary DHA sufficiency. However, this usage has been questioned.