César Manrique
Encyclopedia
César Manrique (ˈθesar manˈrike) (24 April 1919 in Arrecife
, Lanzarote
- 25 September 1992 in Tahíche, Teguise) was an artist and an architect.
Manrique grew up in the area of San Ginés lagoon. At age 23, he participated in his first exhibition in Arrecife. He attended the University of La Laguna
. In 1945, Manrique attended the art school San Fernando in Madrid
for five years. With Nelson Rockefeller
in 1964, he visited Houston and New York
in the "Catherine Viviano" gallery.
Manrique visited and learned from famous persons including Rita Hayworth
, King Hussein of Jordan, Helmut Kohl
, Spanish Prime Minister Felipe González
, Luis Ibáñez
, Andy Warhol
, Barbara Rosse and Alfredo Kraus
.
Manrique had a major influence on the planning regulations in Lanzarote
, when he recognised its tourist potential and lobbied successfully to encourage sympathetic development of tourism. One aspect of this is the lack of high rise hotels on the island. Those that are there are in keeping with the use of traditional colours in their exterior decoration.
Manrique died in a car accident near the Fundación, his Lanzarote home in 1992. He was aged 73.
The César Manrique foundation was set up in 1982 by César Manrique and a group of friends but wasn't officially opened until 1992, after Manrique was killed. The foundation, based at Manrique's home before he moved out for a quieter life, is a private, non-profit organisation set-up to allow tourists access to Manrique's home. The foundation is also an art-gallery featuring both art created by Manrique himself, as well as art Manrique acquired over his life. The gallery includes original sketches by Pablo Picasso
and Joan Miró
. The money that the foundation makes from ticket sales, goes into Lanzarote and helps to raise awareness about art as well as being used to fund the foundation's "artistic, cultural and environmental activities".
Manrique's home itself is built within a 3,000 m2 lot, on the site of the Lanzarote eruptions in the 18th century and was created upon Manrique's return from New York
in 1966. The rooms on the first floor, including the artist studios, were created with the intention of keeping with Lanzarote traditions, yet making them more modern with open spaces and large windows. The "ground floor", more appropriately titled the "basement", contains five areas situated within volcanic bubbles, the rooms bored into volcanic basalt
. There is a central cave which houses a recreational area, including a swimming pool, a barbecue and a small dance floor.
Once outside the main house, the visitor comes to the outside area, where there is a small square with a fountain in the middle before approaching a small café area and the visitor shop. This area was once César Manrique's garage.
One of the foundation's fundamental missions is to oppose the spread of high-rise concrete across the Spanish coastline and her island. The foundation recently brought attention to 24 illegally erected hotels in Lanzarote.
In Lanzarote
.
Outside Lanzarote
Arrecife
Arrecife is a city in the Canary Islands situated in the centre-east of the island of Lanzarote of which it has been the capital since 1852. The city owes its name to the rock reef which covers the beach located in the city...
, Lanzarote
Lanzarote
Lanzarote , a Spanish island, is the easternmost of the autonomous Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 125 km off the coast of Africa and 1,000 km from the Iberian Peninsula. Covering 845.9 km2, it stands as the fourth largest of the islands...
- 25 September 1992 in Tahíche, Teguise) was an artist and an architect.
Biography
University of La Laguna
The University of San Fernando de La Laguna, also known as the ULL is situated in San Cristóbal de La Laguna, on the island of Tenerife. It is the oldest university in the Canary Islands, and has the highest student population of any university in these islands. It is also considered the most...
. In 1945, Manrique attended the art school San Fernando in Madrid
Madrid
Madrid is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million and the entire population of the Madrid metropolitan area is calculated to be 6.271 million. It is the third largest city in the European Union, after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan...
for five years. With Nelson Rockefeller
Nelson Rockefeller
Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller was the 41st Vice President of the United States , serving under President Gerald Ford, and the 49th Governor of New York , as well as serving the Roosevelt, Truman and Eisenhower administrations in a variety of positions...
in 1964, he visited Houston and New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
in the "Catherine Viviano" gallery.
Manrique visited and learned from famous persons including Rita Hayworth
Rita Hayworth
Rita Hayworth was an American film actress and dancer who attained fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars...
, King Hussein of Jordan, Helmut Kohl
Helmut Kohl
Helmut Josef Michael Kohl is a German conservative politician and statesman. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 and the chairman of the Christian Democratic Union from 1973 to 1998...
, Spanish Prime Minister Felipe González
Felipe González
Felipe González Márquez is a Spanish socialist politician. He was the General Secretary of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party from 1974 to 1997. To date, he remains the longest-serving Prime Minister of Spain, after having served four successive mandates from 1982 to 1996.-Early life:Felipe was...
, Luis Ibáñez
Luis Ibáñez
Luis Ezequiel Ibáñez , nicknamed Lucho, is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a left back or left winger for Dinamo Zagreb in the Prva HNL....
, Andy Warhol
Andy Warhol
Andrew Warhola , known as Andy Warhol, was an American painter, printmaker, and filmmaker who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art...
, Barbara Rosse and Alfredo Kraus
Alfredo Kraus
Alfredo Kraus Trujillo was a distinguished Spanish tenor of partly Austrian descent, particularly known for the artistry he brought to opera's bel canto roles...
.
Manrique had a major influence on the planning regulations in Lanzarote
Lanzarote
Lanzarote , a Spanish island, is the easternmost of the autonomous Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, approximately 125 km off the coast of Africa and 1,000 km from the Iberian Peninsula. Covering 845.9 km2, it stands as the fourth largest of the islands...
, when he recognised its tourist potential and lobbied successfully to encourage sympathetic development of tourism. One aspect of this is the lack of high rise hotels on the island. Those that are there are in keeping with the use of traditional colours in their exterior decoration.
Manrique died in a car accident near the Fundación, his Lanzarote home in 1992. He was aged 73.
Fundación César Manrique
Pablo Picasso
Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso known as Pablo Ruiz Picasso was a Spanish expatriate painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer, one of the greatest and most influential artists of the...
and Joan Miró
Joan Miró
Joan Miró i Ferrà was a Spanish Catalan painter, sculptor, and ceramicist born in Barcelona.Earning international acclaim, his work has been interpreted as Surrealism, a sandbox for the subconscious mind, a re-creation of the childlike, and a manifestation of Catalan pride...
. The money that the foundation makes from ticket sales, goes into Lanzarote and helps to raise awareness about art as well as being used to fund the foundation's "artistic, cultural and environmental activities".
Manrique's home itself is built within a 3,000 m2 lot, on the site of the Lanzarote eruptions in the 18th century and was created upon Manrique's return from New York
New York
New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...
in 1966. The rooms on the first floor, including the artist studios, were created with the intention of keeping with Lanzarote traditions, yet making them more modern with open spaces and large windows. The "ground floor", more appropriately titled the "basement", contains five areas situated within volcanic bubbles, the rooms bored into volcanic basalt
Basalt
Basalt is a common extrusive volcanic rock. It is usually grey to black and fine-grained due to rapid cooling of lava at the surface of a planet. It may be porphyritic containing larger crystals in a fine matrix, or vesicular, or frothy scoria. Unweathered basalt is black or grey...
. There is a central cave which houses a recreational area, including a swimming pool, a barbecue and a small dance floor.
Once outside the main house, the visitor comes to the outside area, where there is a small square with a fountain in the middle before approaching a small café area and the visitor shop. This area was once César Manrique's garage.
One of the foundation's fundamental missions is to oppose the spread of high-rise concrete across the Spanish coastline and her island. The foundation recently brought attention to 24 illegally erected hotels in Lanzarote.
Honors
- 1978 World Prize for Ecology and Tourism (Weltpreis für Ökologie und Tourismus) in BerlinBerlinBerlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
, Germany - 1982 Netherlands Laureate Van D´Abeod, the Netherlands
- 1986 Europa NostraEuropa NostraEuropa Nostra, the pan-European Federation for Cultural Heritage, is the representative platform of 250 heritage NGOs active in 45 countries across Europe...
Prize European parliamentEuropean ParliamentThe European Parliament is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union . Together with the Council of the European Union and the Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world... - 1989 Art Prize, Canarian government
- 1989 Fritz Schumacher Prize at the University of Hanover, Germany
Works
- Casa Museo del Campesino (next to this stands one of Cesar Manriques most famous sculptures named "Fecundidad").
- Casa Museo Monumento del Campesino.
- Mirador del RioMirador del RíoMirador del Río is a viewpoint situated on an approximately 475 meters high escarpment called Batería del Río in the very north of the Canarian island of Lanzarote....
(built in 1973 overlooking the neighboring island of GraciosaGraciosa, Canary IslandsThere is also a Graciosa in the Azores, see GraciosaGraciosa Island or commonly La Graciosa is a volcanic island in the Canary Islands of Spain, located 2 km north of the island of Lanzarote with the strait named Río. It was formed by the Canary hotspot...
). - Jameos del Agua (concert venue/nightclub for 600 persons in a cave).
- Jardín de Cactus (a cactusCactusA cactus is a member of the plant family Cactaceae. Their distinctive appearance is a result of adaptations to conserve water in dry and/or hot environments. In most species, the stem has evolved to become photosynthetic and succulent, while the leaves have evolved into spines...
garden home to over 1,100 different varieties of cactuses near GuatizaGuatizaGuatiza is a Canarian community that is located in the northeastern part of the municipality of Teguise in the northeastern portion of the island of Lanzarote in the Las Palmas province in the Canary Islands and is the northernmost in the Canary Islands as well as the easternmost...
. - Taro de Tahíche (Manrique's house near Teguise).
- Museo Internacional de Arte Contemporaneo (International Museum of Contemporary Arts in Castillo de San José featuring the paintings of MiróJoan MiróJoan Miró i Ferrà was a Spanish Catalan painter, sculptor, and ceramicist born in Barcelona.Earning international acclaim, his work has been interpreted as Surrealism, a sandbox for the subconscious mind, a re-creation of the childlike, and a manifestation of Catalan pride...
, Millares, Mompó, Oscar Dominguez, Gerardo Rueda, Eusebio Sempérez, Augustín Cárdena and Manrique). - El Almacén.
- Garden and swimming pools of the five-star hotel Las Salinas in Costa Teguise.
- El triunfador (built in 1990 in the area of Fundacion César Manrique, a sculpture).
- Juguetes del viento (built in 1992 in Arrieta, windmill).
- El Diablo symbol of the Timanfaya National ParkTimanfaya National ParkTimanfaya National Park or Parque Nacional de Timanfaya is a Spanish national park covering the municipalities of southern portion of Tinajo and the northern portion of Yaiza in the southwestern part of the island of Lanzarote. The area is...
. - El Diablo Restaurant (Uses volcanic heat to cook; also has an outdoor volcanic barbecue pit Timanfaya National ParkTimanfaya National ParkTimanfaya National Park or Parque Nacional de Timanfaya is a Spanish national park covering the municipalities of southern portion of Tinajo and the northern portion of Yaiza in the southwestern part of the island of Lanzarote. The area is...
.
Outside Lanzarote
- Lido Martiánez a.k.a Lago Martiánez (1977, Large "semi natural" open air sea-water pool complex in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife).
- Playa Jardin (Volcanic beach and sub-tropical gardens complex in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife).
- La VaguadaLa Vaguada-Interior Shops:There are a variety of shops in La Vaguada.El Corte Inglés, Spain's only department store,Alcampo, inside Alcampo is an EB Games section,Victoria's Secret,The Phone House,Taco Bell,Kentucky Fried Chicken,Vips,GAME,McDonalds.-Translation:...
(1983). - La PeñaLa PeñaLa Peña is a municipality and town of Colombia in the department of Cundinamarca....
(1989, a restaurant and belvedere on El Hierro). - Mirador del Palmarejo (1989, a lookout point in La Gomera).
- Canarian Pavillion (1992, Expo 92, Seville, Spain).
External links
- http://www.cesarmanrique.com
- http://www.fcmanrique.org