Cynaroside
Encyclopedia
Cynaroside is a flavone, a flavonoid-like chemical compound. It is a 7-O-glucoside
of luteolin
and can be found in dandelion coffee
, in Ferula varia and F. foetida in Campanula persicifolia
and C. rotundifolia, in the bamboo Phyllostachys nigra
and in Cynara scolymus (artichoke).
adds a glucose to luteolin
.
A cynaroside 7-O-glucosidase has been identified in the artichoke.
Reference
Glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose. Glucosides are common in plants, but rare in animals. Glucose is produced when a glucoside is hydrolysed by purely chemical means, or decomposed by fermentation or enzymes....
of luteolin
Luteolin
Luteolin is a yellow crystalline compound. It is a flavonoid; to be specific, it is one of the more common flavones. From preliminary research, it is thought to play a role in the human body possibly as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, a promoter of carbohydrate metabolism, or an immune...
and can be found in dandelion coffee
Dandelion coffee
Dandelion coffee is an infusion or herbal tea, and coffee substitute, made from the root of the dandelion plant. The roasted dandelion root pieces and the beverage have some resemblance to coffee in appearance and taste.-History:...
, in Ferula varia and F. foetida in Campanula persicifolia
Campanula persicifolia
Campanula persicifolia or Peach-leaved Bellflower is a plant species of the genus Campanula. It can be almost one meter high. Its flowers are cup-shaped and can be either lilac-blue or white. Its foliage is narrow and glossy with a bright green appearance.It is common in the Alps and other...
and C. rotundifolia, in the bamboo Phyllostachys nigra
Phyllostachys nigra
Phyllostachys nigra or black bamboo is a major Phyllostachys species of bamboo.-Uses:It is used for lumber, food, and musical instruments, among other things, in areas of China where it is native and worldwide. Unlike golden bamboo, it is not considered an invasive species in the United States. In...
and in Cynara scolymus (artichoke).
Metabolism
Flavone 7-O-beta-glucosyltransferaseFlavone 7-O-beta-glucosyltransferase
In enzymology, a flavone 7-O-beta-glucosyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactionThus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone , whereas its two products are UDP and 7-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone .This enzyme...
adds a glucose to luteolin
Luteolin
Luteolin is a yellow crystalline compound. It is a flavonoid; to be specific, it is one of the more common flavones. From preliminary research, it is thought to play a role in the human body possibly as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, a promoter of carbohydrate metabolism, or an immune...
.
A cynaroside 7-O-glucosidase has been identified in the artichoke.
Spectral datas
| UV-Vis | |
|---|---|
| Lambda-max | UV : 348, 260 nm Nanometre A nanometre is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth of a metre. The name combines the SI prefix nano- with the parent unit name metre .The nanometre is often used to express dimensions on the atomic scale: the diameter... |
| Extinction coefficient Molar absorptivity The molar absorption coefficient, molar extinction coefficient, or molar absorptivity, is a measurement of how strongly a chemical species absorbs light at a given wavelength... |
(log ε): 4.11, 4.23 |
| IR Infrared Infrared light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength longer than that of visible light, measured from the nominal edge of visible red light at 0.74 micrometres , and extending conventionally to 300 µm... |
|
| Major absorption bands | ? cm−1 |
| NMR NMR spectroscopy Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, most commonly known as NMR spectroscopy, is a research technique that exploits the magnetic properties of certain atomic nuclei to determine physical and chemical properties of atoms or the molecules in which they are contained... |
|
| Proton NMR Proton NMR Proton NMR is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance in NMR spectroscopy with respect to hydrogen-1 nuclei within the molecules of a substance, in order to determine the structure of its molecules. In samples where natural hydrogen is used, practically all of the hydrogen consists of the... |
1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3COCD3 + D2O): δ 3.42 (1H, t, J = 9.0 Hz, H-4′), 3.49 (1H, t, J = 9.0 Hz, H-2″), 3.56 (1H, t, J = 9.0 Hz, H-3″), 3.60 (1H, m, H-5″) , 3.68 (1H, dd, J = 12.2, 5.6 Hz, H-6a″), 3.85 (1H, dd, J = 12.2, 1.8 Hz, H-6b″), 5.10 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-1″), 6.44 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-6), 6.63 (1H, s, H-3), 6.83 (1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz, H-8), 6.95 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-5′), 7.41 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz, H-6′), 7.43 (1H, bs, H-2′) |
| Carbon-13 NMR Carbon-13 NMR Carbon-13 NMR is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to carbon. It is analogous to proton NMR and allows the identification of carbon atoms in an organic molecule just as proton NMR identifies hydrogen atoms... |
13C-NMR (125 MHz, CD3COCD3 + D2O): δ 61.7 (C-6″), 70.3 (C-4″), 73.8 (C-2″), 76.8 (C-3″), 77.4 (C-5″), 95.8 (C-8), 100.5 (C-6), 100.7 (C-1″), 103.7 (C-3), 106.3 (C-10), 113.8 (C-2″), 116.5 (C-5′), 120.3 (C-6′), 122.6 (C-1′), 146.3(C-3′), 150.4 (C-4′), 158.0 (C-9), 161.8 (C-5), 163.9 (C-7), 165.8(C-2), 183.1 (C-4) |
| Other NMR data | |
| MS Mass spectrometry Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique that measures the mass-to-charge ratio of charged particles.It is used for determining masses of particles, for determining the elemental composition of a sample or molecule, and for elucidating the chemical structures of molecules, such as peptides and... |
|
| Masses of main fragments |
ESI-MS [M+H]+ m/z 449.1 |
Reference