Court of Audit
Encyclopedia
A Court of Audit
or Court of Accounts is a Supreme audit institution, i.e. a government
institution
performing financial and/or legal audit (i.e. Statutory audit or External audit) on the executive branch of power.
Audit
The general definition of an audit is an evaluation of a person, organization, system, process, enterprise, project or product. The term most commonly refers to audits in accounting, but similar concepts also exist in project management, quality management, and energy conservation.- Accounting...
or Court of Accounts is a Supreme audit institution, i.e. a government
Government
Government refers to the legislators, administrators, and arbitrators in the administrative bureaucracy who control a state at a given time, and to the system of government by which they are organized...
institution
Institution
An institution is any structure or mechanism of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human community...
performing financial and/or legal audit (i.e. Statutory audit or External audit) on the executive branch of power.
- Courts of Audit:
- Government Accountability OfficeGovernment Accountability OfficeThe Government Accountability Office is the audit, evaluation, and investigative arm of the United States Congress. It is located in the legislative branch of the United States government.-History:...
, USA headed by the Comptroller General of the United StatesComptroller General of the United StatesThe Comptroller General of the United States is the director of the Government Accountability Office , a legislative branch agency established by Congress in 1921 to ensure the fiscal and managerial accountability of the federal government... - National Audit OfficeNational Audit OfficeNational Audit Office can refer to:* Australian National Audit Office* National Audit Office * National Audit Office of the People's Republic of China* Swedish National Audit Office...
in the United Kingdom - Australia: Australian National Audit OfficeAustralian National Audit OfficeThe Australian National Audit Office is the national auditor for the Parliament of Australia and Government of Australia. It reports directly to Parliament but is administratively located in the Portfolio of Prime Minister and Cabinet....
- Japan: Board of Audit (Japan)Board of Audit (Japan)The reviews government expenditures and submits an annual report to the Diet. Article 90 of the Constitution of Japan and the Board of Audit Act of 1947 give this body substantial independence from both cabinet and Diet control....
- Philippine: Philippine Commission on Audit
- European UnionEuropean UnionThe European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
: the European Court of AuditorsEuropean Court of AuditorsThe Court of Auditors is the fifth institution of the European Union . It was established in 1975 in Luxembourg to audit the accounts of EU institutions...
or ECA
- Government Accountability Office
- Courts of Audit in francophone countries:
- Algeria: Cour des comptes (Algérie)
- Belgium: Cour des comptes / Rekenhof / Rechnungshof (Court of Audit of BelgiumCourt of Audit of BelgiumThe Court of Audit of Belgium is a Belgian governmental institution established by article 180 of the Belgian Constitution...
) - Benin: Cour des comptes (Bénin)
- France: Cour des comptes (Court of Audit of France)
- Ivory Coast: Cour des comptes (Côte d'Ivoire)
- Luxemburg: Lëtzebuerger Cour des comptes
- Maroc: Cour des comptes (Maroc)
- Tunisie: Cour des comptes (Tunisie)
- In Spanish Language Countries, the equivalents are the 'Tribunal de Cuentas';
- Spain: Tribunal de Cuentas (Court of Accounts (Spain)Court of Accounts (Spain)In Spain, the Tribunal de Cuentas is the supreme financial accounts body, and is also responsible for both the state and the public sector's economy management, without detriment to its own jurisdiction, in accordance with the Constitution and its Organic Law.The equivalent of the Court of...
)
- Spain: Tribunal de Cuentas (Court of Accounts (Spain)
- In Portuguese 'Tribunal de Contas'.
- Portugal: Tribunal de Contas (Portuguese Court of AuditsPortuguese Court of AuditsThe Portuguese Court of Audits is the high-court in Portugal responsible for reviewing the legal issues on public expenditure and delivering judgement on those accounts relating to:* General Accounts of the State...
) - Brazil: Tribunal de Contas da UniãoTribunal de Contas da UniãoThe Tribunal de Contas da União is the Brazilian federal accountability office. It is an arm of the Legislative Branch of the Brazilian government. Its members, called ministers, are appointed by the National Congress and the President of Brazil...
- Portugal: Tribunal de Contas (Portuguese Court of Audits
- Supreme Audit Institutions in other languages:
- Austria: Rechnungshof
- Germany: BundesrechnungshofBundesrechnungshofThe Bundesrechnungshof is the supreme federal authority for federal audit matters in Germany. There are equivalent bodies at state level. The status of the Bundesrechnungshof, its members and its essential functions are guaranteed by the German Constitution , and regulated by other legislation The...
- Italy: Corte dei Conti
- The Netherlands: Netherlands Court of Audit (Algemene Rekenkamer)
- Norway: Riksrevisjonen
- Slovenia: Court of Audit of the Republic of SloveniaCourt of Audit of the Republic of SloveniaThe Court of Audit of the Republic of Slovenia is the highest body for supervising state accounts, the state budget and all public spending in Slovenia. The Constitution of Slovenia further provides that the Court of Audit is independent in the performance of its duties and bound by the...
(Računsko sodišče) - Sweden: Riksrevisionen
See also
- Liste d’institutions chargées du contrôle des comptes publics: Contrôle des comptes publics
- La plupart de ces institutions/administrations de contrôle général sont membres de l'INTOSAI, International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions.
- Government audit, Government performance auditingGovernment performance auditingGovernment performance auditing was developed in the late 1960s and shepherded by the United States Government Accountability Office, . Government performance auditing has since spread to most state governments and many closely managed local governments...
, Performance auditPerformance auditPerformance audit refers to an examination of a program, function, operation or the management systems and procedures of a governmental or non-profit entity to assess whether the entity is achieving economy, efficiency and effectiveness in the employment of available resources...