Closeness
Encyclopedia
- In mathematicsMathematicsMathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
, closenessCloseness (mathematics)In topology and related areas in mathematics closeness is one of the basic concepts in a topological space. Intuitively we say two sets are close if they are arbitrarily near to each other...
defines what close means in a mathematical sense
- In graph theoryGraph theoryIn mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects from a certain collection. A "graph" in this context refers to a collection of vertices or 'nodes' and a collection of edges that connect pairs of...
, closeness is the shortest path between one vertex and another vertex.
- In social psychologySocial psychologySocial psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. By this definition, scientific refers to the empirical method of investigation. The terms thoughts, feelings, and behaviors include all...
, closenessProxemicsProxemics is the study of measurable distances between people as they interact. The term was introduced by anthropologist Edward T. Hall in 1966...
is the personal distance between two people.
- The IOS scale in psychology means "Inclusion of Other in Self Scale": it measures the specific notion of closeness as including other in the self (Aron e Aron, 1986).
- Closeness (album)Closeness (album)Closeness is an album of duets by bassist Charlie Haden recorded in 1976 and released on the Horizon label.-Reception:The Allmusic review by Scott Yanow awarded the album 4½ stars stating "Recommended, particularly due to the Ornette and Jarrett collaborations".-Track listing:# "Ellen David" -...
a 1976 album by Charlie Haden