Christine of Saxony
Encyclopedia
Christine of Saxony was a German
noble, landgravine of Hesse. She was the regent of Hesse in 1547-1549.
She was the daughter of George, Duke of Saxony
"the Bearded", Duke of Saxony
and Barbara Jagiellon. Her paternal grandparents were Albert, Duke of Saxony
and Sidonie of Bohemia. Her maternal grandparents were Casimir IV Jagiellon
, king of Poland and Elisabeth of Austria
.
On 11 December 1523 in Kassel
, she married Landgrave Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
, called "the Magnanimous
". They had 10 children. The marriage was arranged to forge an alliance between Hesse and Saxony and was unhappy; Philip claimed to be disgusted by her and only shared her bed by duty.
Whilst married to Christine, Philip practised bigamy
and had another nine children with his other (morganatic) wife, Margarethe von der Saale
; in 1540, Christine gave her consent to her husband's bigamy with his lover because of her view upon him as her sovereign. Saale, however, was never seen at court. During Philips absence and captivity in 1547-49, Christine was regent jointly with her son. Philip excluded Christine from being regent after his death out of fear that she would harm his other wife and children.
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Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
noble, landgravine of Hesse. She was the regent of Hesse in 1547-1549.
She was the daughter of George, Duke of Saxony
George, Duke of Saxony
George the Bearded, Duke of Saxony , was duke of Saxony from 1500 to 1539.Duke George was a member of the Order of the Golden Fleece.-Early life:...
"the Bearded", Duke of Saxony
Duchy of Saxony
The medieval Duchy of Saxony was a late Early Middle Ages "Carolingian stem duchy" covering the greater part of Northern Germany. It covered the area of the modern German states of Bremen, Hamburg, Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, and Saxony-Anhalt and most of Schleswig-Holstein...
and Barbara Jagiellon. Her paternal grandparents were Albert, Duke of Saxony
Albert, Duke of Saxony
Albert III was a Duke of Saxony. He was nicknamed Albert the Bold or Albert the Courageous and founded the Albertine line of the House of Wettin....
and Sidonie of Bohemia. Her maternal grandparents were Casimir IV Jagiellon
Casimir IV Jagiellon
Casimir IV KG of the House of Jagiellon was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440, and King of Poland from 1447, until his death.Casimir was the second son of King Władysław II Jagiełło , and the younger brother of Władysław III of Varna....
, king of Poland and Elisabeth of Austria
Elisabeth of Austria (d. 1505)
Elisabeth of Austria , , was a Polish-Lithuanian queen...
.
On 11 December 1523 in Kassel
Kassel
Kassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
, she married Landgrave Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
Philip I of Hesse, , nicknamed der Großmütige was a leading champion of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important of the early Protestant rulers in Germany....
, called "the Magnanimous
Magnanimity
Magnanimity is the virtue of being great of mind and heart. It encompasses, usually, a refusal to be petty, a willingness to face danger, and actions for noble purposes. Its antithesis is pusillanimity...
". They had 10 children. The marriage was arranged to forge an alliance between Hesse and Saxony and was unhappy; Philip claimed to be disgusted by her and only shared her bed by duty.
Whilst married to Christine, Philip practised bigamy
Bigamy
In cultures that practice marital monogamy, bigamy is the act of entering into a marriage with one person while still legally married to another. Bigamy is a crime in most western countries, and when it occurs in this context often neither the first nor second spouse is aware of the other...
and had another nine children with his other (morganatic) wife, Margarethe von der Saale
Margarethe von der Saale
Margarethe von der Saale , was a German lady in waiting and noble, morganatic spouse by bigamy to Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse....
; in 1540, Christine gave her consent to her husband's bigamy with his lover because of her view upon him as her sovereign. Saale, however, was never seen at court. During Philips absence and captivity in 1547-49, Christine was regent jointly with her son. Philip excluded Christine from being regent after his death out of fear that she would harm his other wife and children.
Children with Philip of Hesse
- Agnes (31 May 1527 – 4 November 1555), married:
- in MarburgMarburgMarburg is a city in the state of Hesse, Germany, on the River Lahn. It is the main town of the Marburg-Biedenkopf district and its population, as of March 2010, was 79,911.- Founding and early history :...
on 9 January 1541 to Maurice, Elector of SaxonyMaurice, Elector of SaxonyMaurice was Duke and later Elector of Saxony. His clever manipulation of alliances and disputes gained the Albertine branch of the Wettin dynasty extensive lands and the electoral dignity....
; - in WeimarWeimarWeimar is a city in Germany famous for its cultural heritage. It is located in the federal state of Thuringia , north of the Thüringer Wald, east of Erfurt, and southwest of Halle and Leipzig. Its current population is approximately 65,000. The oldest record of the city dates from the year 899...
on 26 May 1555 to John Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha.
- in Marburg
- AnnaAnna of HesseAnna of Hesse was a princess of Hesse by birth and marriage Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken.- Life :...
(26 October 1529 – 10 July 1591), married on 24 February 1544 to Wolfgang, Count Palatine of ZweibrückenWolfgang, Count Palatine of ZweibrückenCount Palatine Wolfgang of Zweibrücken was member of the Wittelsbach family of the Counts Palatine and Duke of Zweibrücken 1532–1559.-Biography:...
. - William IV of Hesse-KasselWilliam IV, Landgrave of Hesse-KasselWilliam IV of Hesse-Kassel , also called William the Wise, was the first Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel . He was the founder of the oldest line, which survives to this day.-Life:...
(or Hesse-Cassel) (24 June 1532 – 25 August 1592). - Philipp Ludwig, died young in 1535.
- Barbara of HesseBarbara of HesseBarbara of Hesse, Duchess of Württemberg-Mömpelgard was a German noblewoman, and the wife of Duke George I of Württemberg-Mömpelgard. Her second husband was Count Daniel of Waldeck.- Family :...
(8 April 1536 – 8 June 1597), married:- in Reichenweier on 10 September 1555 to Duke Georg I of Württemberg;
- in KasselKasselKassel is a town located on the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Kassel Regierungsbezirk and the Kreis of the same name and has approximately 195,000 inhabitants.- History :...
on 11 November 1568 to Count Daniel of Waldeck.
- Louis IV of Hesse-MarburgLouis IV, Landgrave of Hesse-MarburgLandgrave Louis IV of Hesse-Marburg was the son of Landgrave Philip I of Hesse and his wife Christine of Saxony. After the death of his father in 1567, Hesse was divided among his sons and Louis received Hesse-Marburg including Marburg and Giessen.Louis received his education at the court of...
(27 May 1537 – 9 October 1604). - ElisabethElisabeth of HesseElisabeth of Hesse was a German noblewoman.She was a daughter of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse and Christine of Saxony, daughter of George, Duke of Saxony.On 8 July 1560 she married Louis VI, Elector Palatine...
(13 February 1539 – 14 March 1582), married on 8 July 1560 to Louis VI, Elector PalatineLouis VI, Elector PalatineIn the history of the Holy Roman Empire, Louis VI, Elector Palatine was an Elector from the Palatinate-Simmern branch of the house of Wittelsbach. He was the first-born son of Frederick III, Elector Palatine and Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach...
. - Philip II of Hesse-RheinfelsPhilip II, Landgrave of Hesse-RheinfelsPhilip II of Hesse-Rheinfels , also called Philip the Younger, was the first Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels.Philip was the third son of Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous and Christine of Saxony . After his father's death in 1567, the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided between the four sons out of the...
(22 April 1541 – 20 November 1583). - ChristineChristine of HesseChristine of Hesse-Kassel was Duchess consort of Holstein-Gottorp as the spouse of Duke Adolf of Holstein-Gottorp. She exerted some political influence as a widow in 1586.- Biography :...
(29 June 1543 – 13 May 1604), married in GottorpGottorpGottorf Castle is a castle and estate in the city of Schleswig, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is the ancestral home of the Holstein-Gottorp branch of the House of Oldenburg...
on 17 December 1564 to Adolf, Duke of Holstein-GottorpAdolf, Duke of Holstein-GottorpAdolf of Holstein-Gottorp was the first Duke of Holstein-Gottorp from the line of Holstein-Gottorp of the House of Oldenburg....
. - Georg I of Hesse-DarmstadtGeorge I, Landgrave of Hesse-DarmstadtGeorge I of Hesse-Darmstadt was the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1567 to 1596.Born on 10 September 1547 in Kassel, he was the fourth son of Philip I the Magnanimous of Hesse and Christine of Saxony....
, "the Pious" (10 September 1547 – 7 February 1596).
Ancestry
Sources
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