Christian Lupus
Encyclopedia
Christian Lupus was a historian.
Lupus was born at Ypres
(Flanders
). He joined the Augustinian Order at the age of fifteen, and on the completion of his studies, was appointed lecturer in theology, to the younger members of the order in Cologne
. While occupying this position he won the confidence of the nuncio at Cologne
, Fabio Chigi (later Pope Alexander VII
). In 1640 Lupus was appointed professor of theology at the University of Leuven (French: Louvain), but, owing to his zeal for the teaching of St. Augustine
, was suspected of Jansenism
. The nuncio at Brussels accused him of it, and would not permit the University of Leuven to confer a doctor's degree upon him; only after the pope's mediation was it given to him. When the accusation was renewed, Alexander VII called him to Rome, where for the next five years he devoted himself under papal protection to the study of ecclesiastical history.
He returned to Leuven in 1660, and was elected provincial of the province; in 1667 he returned to Rome, accompanied by several professors of the theological faculty of Leuven. Innocent XI condemned sixty-five of the propositions denounced by him. On his return to Leuven he was appointed Regius Professor
of theology, the first time a religious had ever held this office. He remained there until his death. His writings were published in thirteen parts, the first twelve in Venice
, 1724–1729, in six folio volumes, the thirteenth in Bologna
, in 1742. The first six under the title Synodorum generalium et provincialium statuta et canones cum notis et historicis dissertationibus (1665–1673) contain a detailed history of the councils, with many dissertations. The seventh part contains: Ad Ephesinum concilium variorum patrum epistolas, item commonitorium Coelestini papae, titulos decretorum Hilarii papae (Louvain, 1682). He also wrote critical replies to Pasquier Quesnel
, Boileau, and Gerbais. His writings are mostly collections of historical materials, usually little elaborated by him.
Lupus was born at Ypres
Ypres
Ypres is a Belgian municipality located in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres and the villages of Boezinge, Brielen, Dikkebus, Elverdinge, Hollebeke, Sint-Jan, Vlamertinge, Voormezele, Zillebeke, and Zuidschote...
(Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
). He joined the Augustinian Order at the age of fifteen, and on the completion of his studies, was appointed lecturer in theology, to the younger members of the order in Cologne
Cologne
Cologne is Germany's fourth-largest city , and is the largest city both in the Germany Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia and within the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Area, one of the major European metropolitan areas with more than ten million inhabitants.Cologne is located on both sides of the...
. While occupying this position he won the confidence of the nuncio at Cologne
Apostolic Nuncio to Cologne
The Apostolic Nunciature to Cologne was an ecclesiastical office of the Roman Catholic Church established in 1584. The nuncios were accredited to the Achbishop-Electorates of Cologne, Mainz and Trier...
, Fabio Chigi (later Pope Alexander VII
Pope Alexander VII
Pope Alexander VII , born Fabio Chigi, was Pope from 7 April 1655, until his death.- Early life :Born in Siena, a member of the illustrious banking family of Chigi and a great-nephew of Pope Paul V , he was privately tutored and eventually received doctorates of philosophy, law, and theology from...
). In 1640 Lupus was appointed professor of theology at the University of Leuven (French: Louvain), but, owing to his zeal for the teaching of St. Augustine
St. Augustine
-People:* Augustine of Hippo or Augustine of Hippo , father of the Latin church* Augustine of Canterbury , first Archbishop of Canterbury* Augustine Webster, an English Catholic martyr.-Places:*St. Augustine, Florida, United States...
, was suspected of Jansenism
Jansenism
Jansenism was a Christian theological movement, primarily in France, that emphasized original sin, human depravity, the necessity of divine grace, and predestination. The movement originated from the posthumously published work of the Dutch theologian Cornelius Otto Jansen, who died in 1638...
. The nuncio at Brussels accused him of it, and would not permit the University of Leuven to confer a doctor's degree upon him; only after the pope's mediation was it given to him. When the accusation was renewed, Alexander VII called him to Rome, where for the next five years he devoted himself under papal protection to the study of ecclesiastical history.
He returned to Leuven in 1660, and was elected provincial of the province; in 1667 he returned to Rome, accompanied by several professors of the theological faculty of Leuven. Innocent XI condemned sixty-five of the propositions denounced by him. On his return to Leuven he was appointed Regius Professor
Regius Professor
Regius Professorships are "royal" professorships at the ancient universities of the United Kingdom and Ireland - namely Oxford, Cambridge, St Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen, Edinburgh and Dublin. Each of the chairs was created by a monarch, and each appointment, save those at Dublin, is approved by the...
of theology, the first time a religious had ever held this office. He remained there until his death. His writings were published in thirteen parts, the first twelve in Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
, 1724–1729, in six folio volumes, the thirteenth in Bologna
Bologna
Bologna is the capital city of Emilia-Romagna, in the Po Valley of Northern Italy. The city lies between the Po River and the Apennine Mountains, more specifically, between the Reno River and the Savena River. Bologna is a lively and cosmopolitan Italian college city, with spectacular history,...
, in 1742. The first six under the title Synodorum generalium et provincialium statuta et canones cum notis et historicis dissertationibus (1665–1673) contain a detailed history of the councils, with many dissertations. The seventh part contains: Ad Ephesinum concilium variorum patrum epistolas, item commonitorium Coelestini papae, titulos decretorum Hilarii papae (Louvain, 1682). He also wrote critical replies to Pasquier Quesnel
Pasquier Quesnel
Pasquier Quesnel was a French Jansenist theologian.He was born in Paris, and, after graduating from the Sorbonne with distinction in 1653, he joined the French Oratory in 1657...
, Boileau, and Gerbais. His writings are mostly collections of historical materials, usually little elaborated by him.