Che Bong Nga
Encyclopedia
Po Binasuor, or Chế Bồng Nga, Che Bunga (Bunga is the Malay
word for 'flower', and "Chế" is the Vietnamese transliteration of Sri
, a Sanskrit title of veneration often preceding the name of a Cham nobleman) ruled Champa from 1360 - 1390 CE. Also known as The Red King in Vietnamese stories, Po Binasuor was the last strong king of the kingdom of Champa
.
ese city of Thăng Long
(modern Hanoi
) twice in 1371 and 1378.
The Chams then forced the king of Đại Việt to move statues of his ancestors’ tombs at Thăng Long to the modern Hai Duong province
in 1381. Following these victories, Chế Bồng Nga threatened to retake all of the lost Cham territories. Additionally, he threatened to take the two southern Vietnamese provinces, Nghe An and Thanh Hóa
. Because of these threats, the Vietnamese fled, and many Vietnamese commanders, including Hồ Quý Ly, future founder of the Hồ Dynasty, were defeated in combat against Champa.
In 1383, the Chams laid siege to the Vietnamese capital of Thăng Long (Hanoi
) for six months.
Chế Bồng Nga died in 1390, reportedly betrayed by his own General, La Khai.
After the conquest of Champa, the Vietnamese assigned the surname "Chế" to all persons of Cham origin.
Malay language
Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore...
word for 'flower', and "Chế" is the Vietnamese transliteration of Sri
Sri
Sri , also transliterated as Shri or Shree or shre is a word of Sanskrit origin, used in the Indian subcontinent as polite form of address equivalent to the English "Mr." in written and spoken language, or as a title of veneration for deities .-Etymology:Sri has the root meaning of radiance, or...
, a Sanskrit title of veneration often preceding the name of a Cham nobleman) ruled Champa from 1360 - 1390 CE. Also known as The Red King in Vietnamese stories, Po Binasuor was the last strong king of the kingdom of Champa
Champa
The kingdom of Champa was an Indianized kingdom that controlled what is now southern and central Vietnam from approximately the 7th century through to 1832.The Cham people are remnants...
.
Unification of Cham Lands
Chế Bồng Nga apparently managed to unite the Cham lands under his rule and by 1372 was strong enough to attack Vietnam from the sea. His Cham forces raided the VietnamVietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
ese city of Thăng Long
Thang Long
Thang Long can be:*Former name of Hanoi*Thang Long Imperial City...
(modern Hanoi
Hanoi
Hanoi , is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city. Its population in 2009 was estimated at 2.6 million for urban districts, 6.5 million for the metropolitan jurisdiction. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam...
) twice in 1371 and 1378.
The Chams then forced the king of Đại Việt to move statues of his ancestors’ tombs at Thăng Long to the modern Hai Duong province
Hai Duong Province
Hải Dương is a province in the Red River Delta of northern Vietnam. Its name derives from Sino-Vietnamese , meaning "ocean", though in fact, the province is landlocked.-Geography of Hai Duong:...
in 1381. Following these victories, Chế Bồng Nga threatened to retake all of the lost Cham territories. Additionally, he threatened to take the two southern Vietnamese provinces, Nghe An and Thanh Hóa
Thanh Hóa
Thanh Hóa is the capital city of Vietnam's Thanh Hoa province. The population is nearly 200,000 with an area of only 57.9 square kilometers....
. Because of these threats, the Vietnamese fled, and many Vietnamese commanders, including Hồ Quý Ly, future founder of the Hồ Dynasty, were defeated in combat against Champa.
In 1383, the Chams laid siege to the Vietnamese capital of Thăng Long (Hanoi
Hanoi
Hanoi , is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city. Its population in 2009 was estimated at 2.6 million for urban districts, 6.5 million for the metropolitan jurisdiction. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam...
) for six months.
Chế Bồng Nga died in 1390, reportedly betrayed by his own General, La Khai.
Legacy
The events of Chế Bồng Nga's reign spelled the end of the Trần Dynasty in Vietnam, which was revealed as weak and ineffective in the face of the Cham General.After the conquest of Champa, the Vietnamese assigned the surname "Chế" to all persons of Cham origin.
External links
- http://www.usmta.com/history-1.htm
- http://www.viettouch.com/champa/champa_history.html
- Discussion forum