Charles R. Bardeen
Encyclopedia
Charles Russell Bardeen, M.D. (8 February 1871 – 12 June 1935) was an American
physician
and anatomist and the first dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School
.
in 1871, but grew up in Syracuse, NY, where his father, Charles William Bardeen
, was an educator and publisher. He attended the Teichmann School in Leipzig
, Germany
, and then completed his B.A.
at Harvard University
in 1893. By virtue of being in the first medical school class at Johns Hopkins University
, and having a last name at the beginning of the alphabet, Bardeen was the first person ever to receive an M.D. from that institution, in 1897. Another member of his class, Eugene Lindsay Opie
, also went on to a medical school deanship, at Washington University in St. Louis
.
.
Bardeen came to Wisconsin at a time when the university was expanding under President Charles R. Van Hise
. Van Hise and Bardeen shared the view that the one element the university was missing was a medical school. Bardeen was asked to create a two-year program fully integrated into the university.
In 1907, he became the first dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School
.
Bardeen wanted the new medical school to evolve into a four-year program. However, he had to battle local physicians, who believed that such an institution would rob them of their livelihood. Later, the First World War and the 1918 influenza
epidemic convinced them, and the public, that more physicians were needed in Wisconsin. Finally, in 1924, Wisconsin General Hospital opened its doors, and a year later the Medical School invited students to participate in a four-year curriculum.
However, the medical school had difficulty meeting the clinical needs of the extended curriculum. Bardeen had a solution. He wanted a co-opting of state physicians into the medical school's educational activities. Beginning in 1926, fourth-year medical students would spend eight weeks working in one of the many private practices scattered across the state of Wisconsin. The preceptorship rapidly grew into one of the most popular aspects of medical education at the university. Later, the preceptor concept introduced by Bardeen became an important national innovation.
Bardeen contributed articles on embryology
, morphology
, anatomy, and other subjects to scientific journals.
His son, Dr. John Bardeen
, became the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics
twice, in 1956 and 1972.
Bardeen died in Madison, WI in 1935, from pancreatic cancer
. He was succeeded as Dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School by Dr. William Shainline Middleton
.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
physician
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
and anatomist and the first dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
The University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health is a professional school for the study of medicine and public health at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.- History :...
.
Early years
Charles Bardeen was born in Kalamazoo, MichiganKalamazoo, Michigan
The area on which the modern city stands was once home to Native Americans of the Hopewell culture, who migrated into the area sometime before the first millennium. Evidence of their early residency remains in the form of a small mound in downtown's Bronson Park. The Hopewell civilization began to...
in 1871, but grew up in Syracuse, NY, where his father, Charles William Bardeen
Charles William Bardeen
Charles William Bardeen was an American educator and publisher. He devoted his career to improve the education system of the United States. He was the father of Charles Russell Bardeen and grandfather of two-time Nobel Prize winning physicist John Bardeen. He was referred to as C.W. by the later...
, was an educator and publisher. He attended the Teichmann School in Leipzig
Leipzig
Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, and then completed his B.A.
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
at Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
in 1893. By virtue of being in the first medical school class at Johns Hopkins University
Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University, commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins, is a private research university based in Baltimore, Maryland, United States...
, and having a last name at the beginning of the alphabet, Bardeen was the first person ever to receive an M.D. from that institution, in 1897. Another member of his class, Eugene Lindsay Opie
Eugene Lindsay Opie
Eugene Lindsay Opie, M.D. was an American physician and pathologist who conducted important research on the causes, transmission, and diagnosis of tuberculosis and on immunization against the disease. He served as professor of pathology at several U.S. medical schools, as well as Dean of the...
, also went on to a medical school deanship, at Washington University in St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis
Washington University in St. Louis is a private research university located in suburban St. Louis, Missouri. Founded in 1853, and named for George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all fifty U.S. states and more than 110 nations...
.
Career
Charles Bardeen taught at Johns Hopkins University from 1897 to 1904. He then left Johns Hopkins and accepted the post of professor of anatomy at the University of Wisconsin–MadisonUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison
The University of Wisconsin–Madison is a public research university located in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in 1848, UW–Madison is the flagship campus of the University of Wisconsin System. It became a land-grant institution in 1866...
.
Bardeen came to Wisconsin at a time when the university was expanding under President Charles R. Van Hise
Charles R. Van Hise
Charles Richard Van Hise, Ph.D. was an American geologist and academic. He served as president of the University of Wisconsin in Madison, Wisconsin, from 1903 to 1918.-Life and work:...
. Van Hise and Bardeen shared the view that the one element the university was missing was a medical school. Bardeen was asked to create a two-year program fully integrated into the university.
In 1907, he became the first dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
The University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health is a professional school for the study of medicine and public health at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.- History :...
.
Bardeen wanted the new medical school to evolve into a four-year program. However, he had to battle local physicians, who believed that such an institution would rob them of their livelihood. Later, the First World War and the 1918 influenza
Influenza
Influenza, commonly referred to as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by RNA viruses of the family Orthomyxoviridae , that affects birds and mammals...
epidemic convinced them, and the public, that more physicians were needed in Wisconsin. Finally, in 1924, Wisconsin General Hospital opened its doors, and a year later the Medical School invited students to participate in a four-year curriculum.
However, the medical school had difficulty meeting the clinical needs of the extended curriculum. Bardeen had a solution. He wanted a co-opting of state physicians into the medical school's educational activities. Beginning in 1926, fourth-year medical students would spend eight weeks working in one of the many private practices scattered across the state of Wisconsin. The preceptorship rapidly grew into one of the most popular aspects of medical education at the university. Later, the preceptor concept introduced by Bardeen became an important national innovation.
Bardeen contributed articles on embryology
Embryology
Embryology is a science which is about the development of an embryo from the fertilization of the ovum to the fetus stage...
, morphology
Morphology (biology)
In biology, morphology is a branch of bioscience dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features....
, anatomy, and other subjects to scientific journals.
Personal life
Charles R. Bardeen was married to Althea Bardeen. She had taught at the Dewey Laboratory School and managed an interior decorating business before marrying, and was an active figure in the art world. After her death from cancer in 1921, Charles married Ruth Hames.His son, Dr. John Bardeen
John Bardeen
John Bardeen was an American physicist and electrical engineer, the only person to have won the Nobel Prize in Physics twice: first in 1956 with William Shockley and Walter Brattain for the invention of the transistor; and again in 1972 with Leon Neil Cooper and John Robert Schrieffer for a...
, became the only person to win the Nobel Prize in Physics
Nobel Prize in Physics
The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895 and awarded since 1901; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Peace Prize, and...
twice, in 1956 and 1972.
Bardeen died in Madison, WI in 1935, from pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer refers to a malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. The most common type of pancreatic cancer, accounting for 95% of these tumors is adenocarcinoma, which arises within the exocrine component of the pancreas. A minority arises from the islet cells and is classified as a...
. He was succeeded as Dean of the University of Wisconsin Medical School by Dr. William Shainline Middleton
William Shainline Middleton
William Shainline Middleton, M.D., M.A.C.P. was a prestigious American internist. He was one of the founders of the American Board of Internal Medicine and its first Secretary-Treasurer...
.