Charles Malato
Encyclopedia
Charles Malato was a French anarchist and writer.
He was born to a noble Neapolitan
family, his grandfather Count Malato being a Field Marshal and the Commander-in-Chief
of the army of the last King of Naples. Though Count Malato ferociously suppressed a popular anti-dynastic insurrection, his son – Charles' father – supported the communards of the Paris Commune
, and was banished as a result to the penal colony
of New Caledonia
, where Charles was born. After the amnesty of anarchists and communists, Charles and his by that time ninety year old father returned to Paris, where they immersed themselves in the anarchist movement
.
On his return to France, Malato was condemned to fifteen months imprison for inciting murder, pillage and arson, and instead went into exile in London
. Malato collaborated briefly with Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay
before they fell out over the Dreyfus affair
(Rochefort was an anti-Dreyfusard). He wrote for Georges Clemenceau
's L'Aurore
, L'Humanité
, and the Journal du peuple (with Sébastien Faure
) and partook in a revolutionary committee against nationalist activities. According to The New York Times
Malato wrote articles "remarkable for their literary grace", was well known in political and literary circles, and "noted for the perfection of his manners".
He was accused by French police in 1905 of organising an assassination attempt against King Alfonso XIII of Spain
, but was acquitted. Between 1907 and 1914, Malato wrote in the journals La Guerre Sociale
and La Bataille Syndicaliste, and became friends with the anarchist educator Francisco Ferrer.
At the outset of World War I
, Malato was a supporter of the union sacrée and a signatory of the pro-Allies Manifesto of the Sixteen
.
He was born to a noble Neapolitan
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
family, his grandfather Count Malato being a Field Marshal and the Commander-in-Chief
Commander-in-Chief
A commander-in-chief is the commander of a nation's military forces or significant element of those forces. In the latter case, the force element may be defined as those forces within a particular region or those forces which are associated by function. As a practical term it refers to the military...
of the army of the last King of Naples. Though Count Malato ferociously suppressed a popular anti-dynastic insurrection, his son – Charles' father – supported the communards of the Paris Commune
Paris Commune
The Paris Commune was a government that briefly ruled Paris from March 18 to May 28, 1871. It existed before the split between anarchists and Marxists had taken place, and it is hailed by both groups as the first assumption of power by the working class during the Industrial Revolution...
, and was banished as a result to the penal colony
Penal colony
A penal colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general populace by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory...
of New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
, where Charles was born. After the amnesty of anarchists and communists, Charles and his by that time ninety year old father returned to Paris, where they immersed themselves in the anarchist movement
Anarchism in France
Thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Restoration was the first self-described anarchist. French anarchists fought in the Spanish Civil War as volunteers in the International Brigades. French anarchism reached its height in the late 19th century...
.
On his return to France, Malato was condemned to fifteen months imprison for inciting murder, pillage and arson, and instead went into exile in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
. Malato collaborated briefly with Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay
Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-LuCay
Victor Henri Rochefort, Marquis de Rochefort-Luçay , French politician, was born in Paris.-Life:His father was a Legitimist noble who, as Edmond Rochefort, was well known as a writer of vaudevilles; his mother's views were republican...
before they fell out over the Dreyfus affair
Dreyfus Affair
The Dreyfus affair was a political scandal that divided France in the 1890s and the early 1900s. It involved the conviction for treason in November 1894 of Captain Alfred Dreyfus, a young French artillery officer of Alsatian Jewish descent...
(Rochefort was an anti-Dreyfusard). He wrote for Georges Clemenceau
Georges Clemenceau
Georges Benjamin Clemenceau was a French statesman, physician and journalist. He served as the Prime Minister of France from 1906 to 1909, and again from 1917 to 1920. For nearly the final year of World War I he led France, and was one of the major voices behind the Treaty of Versailles at the...
's L'Aurore
L'Aurore
L’Aurore was a literary, liberal, and socialist newspaper published in Paris, France, from 1897 to 1914. Its most famous headline was Émile Zola’s “J'Accuse”, concerning the Dreyfus Affair. It was published by eventual Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau.- External links:* Digitized issues of...
, L'Humanité
L'Humanité
L'Humanité , formerly the daily newspaper linked to the French Communist Party , was founded in 1904 by Jean Jaurès, a leader of the French Section of the Workers' International...
, and the Journal du peuple (with Sébastien Faure
Sébastien Faure
Sébastien Faure was a French anarchist . He was a main proponent of the anarchist organizational form known as synthesis anarchism.- Biography :Before becoming a free-thinker, he was a seminarist...
) and partook in a revolutionary committee against nationalist activities. According to The New York Times
The New York Times
The New York Times is an American daily newspaper founded and continuously published in New York City since 1851. The New York Times has won 106 Pulitzer Prizes, the most of any news organization...
Malato wrote articles "remarkable for their literary grace", was well known in political and literary circles, and "noted for the perfection of his manners".
He was accused by French police in 1905 of organising an assassination attempt against King Alfonso XIII of Spain
Alfonso XIII of Spain
Alfonso XIII was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority...
, but was acquitted. Between 1907 and 1914, Malato wrote in the journals La Guerre Sociale
La Guerre Sociale
La Guerre Sociale was an ultra-left journal appearing in France from 1977 to 1983. It attracted controversy over its support for negationism....
and La Bataille Syndicaliste, and became friends with the anarchist educator Francisco Ferrer.
At the outset of World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Malato was a supporter of the union sacrée and a signatory of the pro-Allies Manifesto of the Sixteen
Manifesto of the Sixteen
The Manifesto of the Sixteen , or Proclamation of the Sixteen, was a document drafted in 1916 by eminent anarchists Peter Kropotkin and Jean Grave which advocated an Allied victory over Germany and the Central Powers during the First World War...
.
Publications
- Joyeusetés de l’exil
- La Grande Grève
- "Le Nouveau Faust" Edité à Barcelone 'La Esculela Moderna' 1919, a philosophical-fantastical drama with illustrations by Robert Louis AntralRobert Louis AntralRobert Antral was a French painter and printmaker, mainly of etchings. He won the Prix Blumenthal in 1926 and the Croix de guerre for his bravery in World War I.-Museum:...
. A volume in-12 of 78 pp., cover illustrated in colour.