Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond
Encyclopedia
Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond, 1st Duke of Lennox, 1st Duke of Aubigny (29 July 1672 – 27 May 1723) was the illegitimate son of Charles II of England
and his mistress Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth
.
Lennox was created Duke of Richmond
, Earl of March
and Baron Settrington in the Peerage of England
on 9 August 1675 and Duke of Lennox
, Earl of Darnley
and Lord Torbolton in the Peerage of Scotland
on 9 September 1675, and was invested as a Knight of the Garter in 1681. He was appointed Lord High Admiral of Scotland
, under reservation of the commission granted to James, Duke of Albany and York (later James VII) as Lord High Admiral for life. The appointment was therefore only effective between 1701 and 1705, when Lennox resigned all his Scottish lands and offices.
It appears that he was Master of a Lodge in Chichester
in 1696, and so was one of the few known seventeenth century freemasons.
By his mistress Jacqueline de Mézières:
He is an ancestor of Diana, Princess of Wales
, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, and Sarah, Duchess of York
.
, then becoming a major professional sport, and did much to develop it in Sussex. It is almost certain that he was involved with the earliest known major cricket match which took place in the 1697 season and was the first to be reported by the press. Richmond sponsored a team in the 1702 season against an Arundel side.
Richmond's son Charles, the 2nd Duke
, inherited his interest in cricket and became the patron of both Sussex county cricket teams and Slindon Cricket Club
.
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Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
and his mistress Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth
Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth
Louise Renée de Penancoët de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth was a mistress of Charles II of England. Through her son by Charles II, Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond, she is ancestress of both wives of The Prince of Wales: the late Diana, Princess of Wales, as well as The Duchess of...
.
Lennox was created Duke of Richmond
Duke of Richmond
The title Duke of Richmond is named after Richmond and its surrounding district of Richmondshire, and has been created several times in the Peerage of England for members of the royal Tudor and Stuart families...
, Earl of March
Earl of March
The title The Earl of March has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of England. The title derived from the "marches" or boundaries between England and either Wales or Scotland , and was held by several great feudal families which owned lands in those border...
and Baron Settrington in the Peerage of England
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
on 9 August 1675 and Duke of Lennox
Duke of Lennox
The title Duke of Lennox has been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland, for Clan Stewart of Darnley. The Dukedom, named for the district of Lennox in Stirling, was first created in 1581, and had formerly been the Earldom of Lennox. The second Duke was made Duke of Richmond; at his...
, Earl of Darnley
Earl of Darnley
Earl of Darnley is a title that has been created three times, twice in the Peerage of Scotland and once in the Peerage of Ireland. The first creation in the Peerage of Scotland came in 1580 in favour of Esme Stewart, 1st Earl of Lennox. He was created Duke of Lennox at the same time. See the latter...
and Lord Torbolton in the Peerage of Scotland
Peerage of Scotland
The Peerage of Scotland is the division of the British Peerage for those peers created in the Kingdom of Scotland before 1707. With that year's Act of Union, the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England were combined into the Kingdom of Great Britain, and a new Peerage of Great Britain was...
on 9 September 1675, and was invested as a Knight of the Garter in 1681. He was appointed Lord High Admiral of Scotland
Lord High Admiral of Scotland
The Lord High Admiral of Scotland was one of the Great Offices of State of the Kingdom of Scotland before the Union with England in 1707.The office was one of considerable power, also known as Royal Scottish Admiralty, including command of the King's ships and sailors and inspection of all sea...
, under reservation of the commission granted to James, Duke of Albany and York (later James VII) as Lord High Admiral for life. The appointment was therefore only effective between 1701 and 1705, when Lennox resigned all his Scottish lands and offices.
It appears that he was Master of a Lodge in Chichester
Chichester
Chichester is a cathedral city in West Sussex, within the historic County of Sussex, South-East England. It has a long history as a settlement; its Roman past and its subsequent importance in Anglo-Saxon times are only its beginnings...
in 1696, and so was one of the few known seventeenth century freemasons.
Family
He was married to Anne Brudenell (d. 9 December 1722), daughter of Francis, Baron Brudenell on 8 January 1692; with whom he had three children:- Lady Louisa Lennox (24 December 1694 – 15 January 1716); married James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of BerkeleyJames Berkeley, 3rd Earl of BerkeleyVice-Admiral James Berkeley, 3rd Earl of Berkeley KG, PC was the son of Charles Berkeley, 2nd Earl of Berkeley and the Hon. Elizabeth Noel. He was known by the courtesy title of Viscount Dursley prior to succeeding as Earl of Berkeley in 1710...
- Charles Lennox, Earl of MarchCharles Lennox, 2nd Duke of RichmondThe 2nd Duke of Richmond has been described as early cricket's greatest patron. Although he had played cricket as a boy, his real involvement began after he succeeded to the dukedom...
, later 2nd Duke of Richmond and 2nd Duke of Lennox - Lady Anne LennoxAnne van Keppel, Countess of AlbemarleAnne van Keppel was born Lady Anne Lennox, the daughter of the 1st Duke of Richmond and Anne Brudenell...
, later Countess of AlbemarleEarl of AlbemarleEarl of Albemarle is a title created several times from Norman times onwards. The word Albemarle is the Latinised form of the French county of Aumale in Normandy , other forms being Aubemarle and Aumerle...
By his mistress Jacqueline de Mézières:
- Renée Lennox (1709–1774) mistress of her cousin Charles Beauclerk, 2nd Duke of St AlbansCharles Beauclerk, 2nd Duke of St AlbansCharles Beauclerk, 2nd Duke of St Albans KG KB was the son of Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans and his wife Diana Beauclerk, Duchess of St Albans. His paternal grandparents were Charles II of England and Nell Gwynne...
.
He is an ancestor of Diana, Princess of Wales
Diana, Princess of Wales
Diana, Princess of Wales was the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, whom she married on 29 July 1981, and an international charity and fundraising figure, as well as a preeminent celebrity of the late 20th century...
, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, and Sarah, Duchess of York
Sarah, Duchess of York
Sarah, Duchess of York is a British charity patron, spokesperson, writer, film producer, television personality and former member of the British Royal Family. She is the former wife of Prince Andrew, Duke of York, whom she married from 1986 to 1996...
.
Cricket
Richmond was a patron of cricketCricket
Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on an oval-shaped field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the...
, then becoming a major professional sport, and did much to develop it in Sussex. It is almost certain that he was involved with the earliest known major cricket match which took place in the 1697 season and was the first to be reported by the press. Richmond sponsored a team in the 1702 season against an Arundel side.
Richmond's son Charles, the 2nd Duke
Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond
The 2nd Duke of Richmond has been described as early cricket's greatest patron. Although he had played cricket as a boy, his real involvement began after he succeeded to the dukedom...
, inherited his interest in cricket and became the patron of both Sussex county cricket teams and Slindon Cricket Club
Slindon Cricket Club
Slindon Cricket Club was famous in the middle part of the 18th century when it claimed to have the best team in England. It was located at Slindon, a village in the Arun district of Sussex....
.
Ancestry
External sources
Further reading
- Timothy J. McCann, Sussex Cricket in the Eighteenth Century, Sussex Record Society, 2004
- Late Baron di Bauvso, Malta. 1st of January 2000.
- The Adami Collection - collection of Parish records of Marriages, legacy and nobility, National Library of Malta, vol 10, pp 1838.
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