Catalan
Encyclopedia
Catalan is an inhabitant of Catalonia
Catalan can also refer to:
Persons with the surname Catalan:
Companies and organizations:
In mathematics:
In politics:
Other uses:
Catalonia
Catalonia is an autonomous community in northeastern Spain, with the official status of a "nationality" of Spain. Catalonia comprises four provinces: Barcelona, Girona, Lleida, and Tarragona. Its capital and largest city is Barcelona. Catalonia covers an area of 32,114 km² and has an...
Catalan can also refer to:
- Catalan peopleCatalan peopleThe Catalans or Catalonians are the people from, or with origins in, Catalonia that form a historical nationality in Spain. The inhabitants of the adjacent portion of southern France are sometimes included in this definition...
- Catalan languageCatalan languageCatalan is a Romance language, the national and only official language of Andorra and a co-official language in the Spanish autonomous communities of Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and Valencian Community, where it is known as Valencian , as well as in the city of Alghero, on the Italian island...
- Països Catalans, territories where Catalan language is spoken
Persons with the surname Catalan:
- Eugène Charles CatalanEugène Charles CatalanEugène Charles Catalan was a French and Belgian mathematician.- Biography :Catalan was born in Bruges , the only child of a French jeweller by the name of Joseph Catalan, in 1814. In 1825, he traveled to Paris and learned mathematics at École Polytechnique, where he met Joseph Liouville...
, a mathematician - Miguel Ángel CatalánMiguel Ángel CatalánMiguel Antonio Catalán Sañudo was a Spanish spectroscopist. Born in Zaragoza, he obtained his degree in chemistry from the University of Zaragoza and received in doctorate in Madrid in 1917. In 1920, he began work as a researcher at Imperial College London...
(1894–1957), Spanish spectroscopist - Moses Chayyim CatalanMoses Chayyim CatalanMoses Chayyim Catalan was an Italian poet. A son of the physician Abraham Catalan, he was rabbi in his native town, and died there at an advanced age in 1661. It was to him that the first letters of Isaac Vita Cantarini, whose teacher he was, were addressed. His "Metzaref ha-Sekel", a rhetorical...
, a rabbi of Italy
Companies and organizations:
- Catalan CommunicationsCatalan CommunicationsCatalan Communications was a New York publishing company, operated by Bernd Metz, which mainly focused on English-language translations of European graphic novels, presented in a series of high-quality trade paperbacks.-Company history:...
, a publisher of graphic novels during the 1980s - Catalan CompanyCatalan CompanyThe Catalan Company of the East , officially the Magnas Societas Catalanorum, sometimes called the Grand Company and widely known as the Catalan Company, was a free company of mercenaries founded by Roger de Flor in the early 14th-century...
(or Catalan Grand Company), a mercenary free company in 14th century Europe - Catalan Ornithological InstituteCatalan Ornithological InstituteThe Catalan Ornithological Institute is a not for profit association, established in 1975 for aid the study of birds in Catalonia, with the name of Grup Català d'Anellament...
In mathematics:
- Catalan numberCatalan numberIn combinatorial mathematics, the Catalan numbers form a sequence of natural numbers that occur in various counting problems, often involvingrecursively defined objects...
, a concept in mathematics - Catalan solidCatalan solidIn mathematics, a Catalan solid, or Archimedean dual, is a dual polyhedron to an Archimedean solid. The Catalan solids are named for the Belgian mathematician, Eugène Catalan, who first described them in 1865....
, a concept in mathematics - Catalan's conjecture, a theorem conjectured in 1844 and proven in 2002
- Catalan's constant, mathematical constant
In politics:
- Catalan nationalismCatalan nationalismCatalan nationalism or Catalanism , is a political movement advocating for either further political autonomy or full independence of Catalonia....
- Catalan independentismCatalan independentismCatalan independentism is a political movement, derived from Catalan nationalism, which supports the independence of Catalonia or the so-called Catalan countries from Spain and France...
Other uses:
- Catalán (crater)Catalán (crater)Catalán is a small lunar impact crater that lies almost along the southwest limb of the Moon. At this position the crater is ill-suited for observation from the Earth as it is viewed almost from the side, and visibility is subject to libration effects. It lies to the west of the somewhat larger...
, a lunar crater named for Miguel Ángel Catalán - Catalan (game), a card game
- Catalan AtlasCatalan AtlasThe Catalan Atlas is the most important Catalan map of the medieval period. It was produced by the Majorcan cartographic school and is attributed to Cresques Abraham , a Jewish book illuminator who was self-described as being a master of the maps of the world as well as compasses...
, a work of cartography in the 14th century - Catalans DragonsCatalans DragonsThe Catalans Dragons are a French professional rugby league club based in Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales. They currently play in the Super League, and are the only team in the competition from outside of the United Kingdom...
, a rugby league football club - Catalan forge, an early type of open-hearth furnace
- Catalan InterpunctInterpunctAn interpunct —also called an interpoint—is a small dot used for interword separation in ancient Latin script, which also appears in some modern languages as a stand-alone sign inside a word. It is present in Unicode as code point ....
, an orthographic symbol - Catalan OpeningCatalan OpeningThe Catalan is a chess opening which can be considered to be White adopting a mixture of the Queen's Gambit and Réti Opening: White plays d4 and c4 and fianchettoes the white bishop on g2. A common opening sequence is 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2, though the opening can arise from a large number...
, a chess opening - Catalan vaultCatalan vaultThe Catalan vault, also called the Catalan turn or Catalan arch or a timbrel vault, is a type of low arch made of plain bricks often used to make a structural floor surface...
, an architectural feature (also known as a Catalan arch or a Catalan turn) - Catalan wineCatalan wineCatalan wine is wine made in the Spanish wine region of Catalonia. More rarely, the term may also be used to refer to some French wines made in the Catalan region of Roussillon, once joint with the southern territories that currently are part of Spain...
, an alternative name used in France for wine made from the Carignan grape - Catalan (grape), another name for the wine grape Mourvèdre