Carlo Favetti
Encyclopedia
Carlo Favetti was an Italian politician and lawyer from Gorizia
, who also wrote poetry in the Friulian language
. He was the founder and leader of Italian irredentism in Gorizia and Gradisca
.
He was born in Gorizia
, in the Austrian Empire
(now in Italy
), in a wealthy middle class family. His father was a lawyer, his mother was the granddaughter of the historian Giuseppe Cipriani. After finishing the classycal gymnasium
in Gorizia, he enrolled at the University of Vienna
, where he studied law. Upon returning to Gorizia, he joined several Italian patriotic associations. In 1850, he founded the newspaper Il Giornale di Gorizia, which was abolished by the Austrian authorities in 1851.
After the restoration of political liberties in the Austrian Empire in 1861, he was elected mayor of Gorizia. The Austrian government however refused to confirm the nomination. Nevertheless, he remained an influential figure in the local administration; under his supervision, an extensive building program was carried out in Gorizia.
In 1866, during the Third Italian War of Independence
, Favetti was arrested by the Austrian authorities, and sentenced to 6 years of imprisonment for subversive activities. Already the following year, he was released. Fearing another arrest, Favetti escaped to Italy in 1868, settling in Venice
. After the amnesty
of 1871, he returned to Gorizia. In 1877, he was re-elected to the city council of Gorizia, where he remained until his death in 1896.
He wrote several poems and plays in the local version of the Friulian language
.
Gorizia
Gorizia is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is located at the foot of the Julian Alps, bordering Slovenia. It is the capital of the Province of Gorizia, and it is a local center of tourism, industry, and commerce. Since 1947, a twin...
, who also wrote poetry in the Friulian language
Friulian language
Friulan , is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family, spoken in the Friuli region of northeastern Italy. Friulan has around 800,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian...
. He was the founder and leader of Italian irredentism in Gorizia and Gradisca
Gorizia and Gradisca
The County of Gorizia and Gradisca was a Habsburg county in Central Europe, in what is now a multilingual border area of Italy and Slovenia. It was named for its two major urban centers, Gorizia and Gradisca d'Isonzo.-Province of the Habsburg Empire:...
.
He was born in Gorizia
Gorizia
Gorizia is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is located at the foot of the Julian Alps, bordering Slovenia. It is the capital of the Province of Gorizia, and it is a local center of tourism, industry, and commerce. Since 1947, a twin...
, in the Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
(now in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
), in a wealthy middle class family. His father was a lawyer, his mother was the granddaughter of the historian Giuseppe Cipriani. After finishing the classycal gymnasium
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
in Gorizia, he enrolled at the University of Vienna
University of Vienna
The University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world...
, where he studied law. Upon returning to Gorizia, he joined several Italian patriotic associations. In 1850, he founded the newspaper Il Giornale di Gorizia, which was abolished by the Austrian authorities in 1851.
After the restoration of political liberties in the Austrian Empire in 1861, he was elected mayor of Gorizia. The Austrian government however refused to confirm the nomination. Nevertheless, he remained an influential figure in the local administration; under his supervision, an extensive building program was carried out in Gorizia.
In 1866, during the Third Italian War of Independence
Third Italian War of Independence
The Third Italian War of Independence was a conflict which paralleled the Austro-Prussian War, and was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Austrian Empire.-Background:...
, Favetti was arrested by the Austrian authorities, and sentenced to 6 years of imprisonment for subversive activities. Already the following year, he was released. Fearing another arrest, Favetti escaped to Italy in 1868, settling in Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
. After the amnesty
Amnesty
Amnesty is a legislative or executive act by which a state restores those who may have been guilty of an offense against it to the positions of innocent people, without changing the laws defining the offense. It includes more than pardon, in as much as it obliterates all legal remembrance of the...
of 1871, he returned to Gorizia. In 1877, he was re-elected to the city council of Gorizia, where he remained until his death in 1896.
He wrote several poems and plays in the local version of the Friulian language
Friulian language
Friulan , is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family, spoken in the Friuli region of northeastern Italy. Friulan has around 800,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian...
.
Major works
- Doi quadris della vita popolar gurizzana ('Two Sketches of the Folk Life in Gorizia'; 1882).
- Fusilir e granatir, un scherz comic ('The Fusilier and the Grenadier: A Satirical Play'; 1891).
- Leonardo Papes. Un zittadin gurizzan del 1500 ('Leonardo Papes. A Citizen of Gorizia from 1500; 1892).
- Rime e prose in vernacolo goriziano ('Rhimes and Prose in the Vernacular of Gorizia; Udine, 1893).
See also
- FriuliFriuliFriuli is an area of northeastern Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i.e. the province of Udine, Pordenone, Gorizia, excluding Trieste...
- Friulian literatureFriulian literatureFriulian literature is the literature of the autonomous Italian region of Friuli, written in the local Friulian language.Even if the first poems in Friulian date from the 14th century , the birth of a full flavoured Friulian literature...
- Austrian LittoralAustrian LittoralThe Austrian Littoral was established as a crown land of the Austrian Empire in 1849. In 1861 it was divided into the three crown lands of the Imperial Free City of Trieste and its suburbs, the Margraviate of Istria, and the Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca, which each had separate...
- Julian MarchJulian MarchThe Julian March is a former political region of southeastern Europe on what are now the borders between Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy...
- Ethnic and religious composition of Austria–Hungary