Anhydrous carbonates

• Calcite group: Trigonal
  • Calcite
    Calcite
    Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate . The other polymorphs are the minerals aragonite and vaterite. Aragonite will change to calcite at 380-470°C, and vaterite is even less stable.-Properties:...
    
     CaCO₃
  • Gaspeite
    Gaspeite
    Gaspeite is an extremely rare nickel carbonate mineral named for the place it was first described, in the Gaspé Peninsula, Canada.Gaspeite's formula is CO3 and it is a bright green mineral. It forms massive to reniform pappillary aggregates in fractures, bottryoidal concretions in laterite or...
    
     (Ni,Mg,Fe²⁺)CO₃
  • Magnesite
    Magnesite
    Magnesite is magnesium carbonate, MgCO3. Iron substitutes for magnesium with a complete solution series with siderite, FeCO3. Calcium, manganese, cobalt, and nickel may also occur in small amounts...
    
     MgCO₃
  • Otavite
    Otavite
    Otavite is a rare cadmium carbonate mineral with formula: CdCO3. Otavite crystallizes in the trigonal system and forms encrustations and small scalenohedral crystals that have a pearly to adamantine luster. The color is white to reddish to yellow brown. Its Mohs hardness is 3.5 to 4 and the...
    
     CdCO₃
  • Rhodochrosite
    Rhodochrosite
    Rhodochrosite is a manganese carbonate mineral with chemical composition MnCO3. In its pure form, it is typically a rose-red color, but impure specimens can be shades of pink to pale brown. The streak is white. Its Mohs hardness varies between 3.5 and 4. Its specific gravity is 3.5 to 3.7. It...
    
     MnCO₃
  • Siderite
    Siderite
    Siderite is a mineral composed of iron carbonate FeCO3. It takes its name from the Greek word σίδηρος sideros, “iron”. It is a valuable iron mineral, since it is 48% iron and contains no sulfur or phosphorus...
    
     FeCO₃
  • Smithsonite
    Smithsonite
    Smithsonite, or zinc spar, is zinc carbonate , a mineral ore of zinc. Historically, smithsonite was identified with hemimorphite before it was realised that they were two distinct minerals. The two minerals are very similar in appearance and the term calamine has been used for both, leading to some...
    
     ZnCO₃
  • Sphaerocobaltite
    Sphaerocobaltite
    Sphaerocobaltite is a cobalt carbonate mineral with chemical composition CoCO3. In its pure form, it is typically a rose-red color, but impure specimens can be shades of pink to pale brown.-Further reading:*...
    
     CoCO₃
• Aragonite group: Orthorhombic
  • Aragonite
    Aragonite
    Aragonite is a carbonate mineral, one of the two common, naturally occurring, crystal forms of calcium carbonate, CaCO3...
    
     CaCO₃
  • Cerussite
    Cerussite
    Cerussite is a mineral consisting of lead carbonate , and an important ore of lead. The name is from the Latin cerussa, white lead. Cerussa nativa was mentioned by Conrad Gessner in 1565, and in 1832 F. S. Beudant applied the name cruse to the mineral, whilst the present form, cerussite, is due to...
    
     PbCO₃
  • Strontianite
    Strontianite
    Strontianite is an important raw material for the extraction of strontium. It is a rare carbonate mineral and one of only a few strontium minerals...
    
     SrCO₃
  • Witherite
    Witherite
    Witherite is a barium carbonate mineral, BaCO3, in the aragonite group. Witherite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and virtually always is twinned. The mineral is colorless, milky white, grey, pale yellow, green, to pale brown. The specific gravity is 4.3, which is high for a translucent...
    
     BaCO₃
  • Rutherfordine
    Rutherfordine
    Rutherfordine is a mineral containing almost pure uranyl carbonate. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system in translucent lathlike, elongated, commonly radiating in fibrous, and in pulverulent, earthy to very fine-grained dense masses. It has a specific gravity of 5.7 and exhibits two...
    
     UO₂CO₃
  • Natrite Na₂CO₃

Anhydrous carbonates with compound formulas

• Dolomite group: Trigonal
  • Ankerite
    Ankerite
    Ankerite is a calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese carbonate mineral of the group of rhombohedral carbonates with formula: Ca2. In composition it is closely related to dolomite, but differs from this in having magnesium replaced by varying amounts of iron and manganese.The crystallographic and...
    
     CaFe(CO₃)₂
  • Dolomite
    Dolomite
    Dolomite is a carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate CaMg2. The term is also used to describe the sedimentary carbonate rock dolostone....
    
     CaMg(CO₃)₂
  • Minrecordite CaZn(CO₃)₂
  • Barytocite BaCa(CO₃)₂

Carbonates with hydroxyl or halogen

• Carbonate with hydroxide
  Hydroxide
  Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−. It consists of an oxygen and a hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carrying a negative electric charge. It is an important but usually minor constituent of water. It functions as a base, as a ligand, a nucleophile, and a...
  
  : Monoclinic
  • Azurite
    Azurite
    Azurite is a soft, deep blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits. It is also known as Chessylite after the type locality at Chessy-les-Mines near Lyon, France...
    
     Cu₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
  • Hydrocerussite Pb₃(CO₃)₂(OH)₂
  • Malachite
    Malachite
    Malachite is a copper carbonate mineral, with the formula Cu2CO32. This green-colored mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, and most often forms botryoidal, fibrous, or stalagmitic masses. Individual crystals are rare but do occur as slender to acicular prisms...
    
     Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂
  • Rosasite
    Rosasite
    Rosasite is a carbonate mineral with minor potential for use as a zinc and copper ore. Chemically, it is a copper zinc carbonate hydroxide with a copper to zinc ratio of 3:2, occurring in the secondary oxidation zone of copper-zinc deposits. It was originally discovered in 1908 in the Rosas mine in...
    
     (Cu,Zn)₂CO₃(OH)₂
  • Phosgenite
    Phosgenite
    Phosgenite is a rare mineral consisting of lead chlorocarbonate, 2CO3. The tetragonal crystals are prismatic or tabular in habit: they are usually colorless and transparent, and have a brilliant adamantine lustre. Sometimes the crystals have a curious helical twist about the tetrad or principal...
    
     Pb₂(CO₃)Cl₂
  • Hydrozincite
    Hydrozincite
    Hydrozincite, also known as zinc bloom, is a white carbonate mineral consisting of Zn526. It is usually found in massive rather than crystalline form.It occurs as an oxidation product of zinc ores and as post mine incrustations...
    
     Zn₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆
  • Aurichalcite
    Aurichalcite
    Aurichalcite is a carbonate mineral, usually found as a secondary mineral in copper and zinc deposits. Its chemical formula is 526...
    
     (Zn,Cu)₅(CO₃)₂(OH)₆

Hydrated carbonates

• Ikaite
  Ikaite
  Ikaite is the mineral name for the hexahydrate of calcium carbonate, CaCO3·6H2O. It is only found in a metastable state, and decomposes rapidly once removed from near-freezing water. It is more commonly known through its pseudomorphs.-Distribution:...
  
   CaCO₃·6(H₂O)
• Lansfordite
  Lansfordite
  Lansfordite is a hydrated magnesium carbonate mineral with composition: MgCO3·5H2O. Landsfordite was discovered in 1888 in a coal mine in Lansford, Pennsylvania. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and typically occurs as colorless to white prismatic crystals and stalactitic masses. It is a...
  
   MgCO₃·5(H₂O)
• Monohydrocalcite
  Monohydrocalcite
  Monohydrocalcite is a mineral that is a hydrous form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3·H2O. It was formerly also known by the name hydrocalcite, which is now discredited by the IMA. It is a trigonal mineral which is white when pure...
  
   CaCO₃·H₂O
• Natron
  Natron
  Natron is a naturally occurring mixture of sodium carbonate decahydrate and about 17% sodium bicarbonate along with small quantities of household salt and sodium sulfate. Natron is white to colourless when pure, varying to gray or yellow with impurities...
  
   Na₂CO₃·10(H₂O)
• Zellerite Ca(UO₂)(CO₃)₂·5(H₂O)

Nickel–Strunz Classification -05- Carbonates

• Abbreviations:
  • "*" - discredited (IMA/CNMNC status).
  • "?" - questionable/doubtful (IMA/CNMNC status).
  • "REE" - Rare-earth element
    Rare earth element
    As defined by IUPAC, rare earth elements or rare earth metals are a set of seventeen chemical elements in the periodic table, specifically the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium...
    
     (Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)
  • "PGE" - Platinum-group element
    Platinum group
    The platinum group metals is a term used sometimes to collectively refer to six metallic elements clustered together in the periodic table.These elements are all transition metals, lying in the d-block .The six...
    
     (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt)
  • 03.C Aluminofluorides, 06 Borates, 08 Vanadates (04.H V^[5,6] Vanadates), 09 Silicates:
    • Neso: insular (from Greek
      Greek language
      Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
      
       νησος nēsos, island)
    • Soro: grouping (from Greek
      Greek language
      Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
      
       σωροῦ sōros, heap, mound (especially of corn))
    • Cyclo: ring
    • Ino: chain (from Greek
      Greek language
      Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
      
       ις [genitive: ινος inos], fibre)
    • Phyllo: sheet (from Greek
      Greek language
      Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
      
       φύλλον phyllon, leaf)
    • Tekto: three-dimensional framework
• Nickel–Strunz code scheme: NN.XY.##x
  • NN: Nickel–Strunz mineral class number
  • X: Nickel–Strunz mineral division letter
  • Y: Nickel–Strunz mineral family letter
  • ##x: Nickel–Strunz mineral/group number, x add-on letter

Class: carbonates

• 05.A Carbonates without additional anions, without H₂O
  • 05.AA Alkali Carbonates: 05 Zabuyelite
    Zabuyelite
    Zabuyelite is the natural mineral form of lithium carbonate, with a formula Li2CO3. It was discovered in 1987 at Lake Zabuye, Tibet, after which it is named. It forms colorless vitreous monoclinic crystals....
    
    ; 10 Gregoryite
    Gregoryite
    Gregoryite is an anhydrous carbonate that is rich in potasium and sodium...
    
    , 10 Natrite; 15 Nahcolite
    Nahcolite
    Nahcolite is a soft, colourless or white carbonate mineral with the composition of sodium bicarbonate also called thermokalite. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system....
    
    , 20 Kalicinite, 25 Teschemacherite, 30 Wegscheiderite
  • 05.AB Alkali-earth (and other M²⁺) carbonates: 05 Calcite
    Calcite
    Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate . The other polymorphs are the minerals aragonite and vaterite. Aragonite will change to calcite at 380-470°C, and vaterite is even less stable.-Properties:...
    
    , 05 Gaspeite
    Gaspeite
    Gaspeite is an extremely rare nickel carbonate mineral named for the place it was first described, in the Gaspé Peninsula, Canada.Gaspeite's formula is CO3 and it is a bright green mineral. It forms massive to reniform pappillary aggregates in fractures, bottryoidal concretions in laterite or...
    
    , 05 Magnesite
    Magnesite
    Magnesite is magnesium carbonate, MgCO3. Iron substitutes for magnesium with a complete solution series with siderite, FeCO3. Calcium, manganese, cobalt, and nickel may also occur in small amounts...
    
    , 05 Rhodochrosite
    Rhodochrosite
    Rhodochrosite is a manganese carbonate mineral with chemical composition MnCO3. In its pure form, it is typically a rose-red color, but impure specimens can be shades of pink to pale brown. The streak is white. Its Mohs hardness varies between 3.5 and 4. Its specific gravity is 3.5 to 3.7. It...
    
    , 05 Otavite
    Otavite
    Otavite is a rare cadmium carbonate mineral with formula: CdCO3. Otavite crystallizes in the trigonal system and forms encrustations and small scalenohedral crystals that have a pearly to adamantine luster. The color is white to reddish to yellow brown. Its Mohs hardness is 3.5 to 4 and the...
    
    , 05 Sphaerocobaltite
    Sphaerocobaltite
    Sphaerocobaltite is a cobalt carbonate mineral with chemical composition CoCO3. In its pure form, it is typically a rose-red color, but impure specimens can be shades of pink to pale brown.-Further reading:*...
    
    , 05 Siderite
    Siderite
    Siderite is a mineral composed of iron carbonate FeCO3. It takes its name from the Greek word σίδηρος sideros, “iron”. It is a valuable iron mineral, since it is 48% iron and contains no sulfur or phosphorus...
    
    , 05 Smithsonite
    Smithsonite
    Smithsonite, or zinc spar, is zinc carbonate , a mineral ore of zinc. Historically, smithsonite was identified with hemimorphite before it was realised that they were two distinct minerals. The two minerals are very similar in appearance and the term calamine has been used for both, leading to some...
    
    ; 10 Ankerite
    Ankerite
    Ankerite is a calcium, iron, magnesium, manganese carbonate mineral of the group of rhombohedral carbonates with formula: Ca2. In composition it is closely related to dolomite, but differs from this in having magnesium replaced by varying amounts of iron and manganese.The crystallographic and...
    
    , 10 Dolomite
    Dolomite
    Dolomite is a carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate CaMg2. The term is also used to describe the sedimentary carbonate rock dolostone....
    
    , 10 Kutnohorite
    Kutnohorite
    Kutnohorite is a rare calcium manganese carbonate mineral with magnesium and iron, that is a member of the dolomite group. It forms a series with dolomite, and with ankerite...
    
    , 10 Minrecordite; 15 Cerussite
    Cerussite
    Cerussite is a mineral consisting of lead carbonate , and an important ore of lead. The name is from the Latin cerussa, white lead. Cerussa nativa was mentioned by Conrad Gessner in 1565, and in 1832 F. S. Beudant applied the name cruse to the mineral, whilst the present form, cerussite, is due to...
    
    , 15 Aragonite
    Aragonite
    Aragonite is a carbonate mineral, one of the two common, naturally occurring, crystal forms of calcium carbonate, CaCO3...
    
    , 15 Strontianite
    Strontianite
    Strontianite is an important raw material for the extraction of strontium. It is a rare carbonate mineral and one of only a few strontium minerals...
    
    , 15 Witherite
    Witherite
    Witherite is a barium carbonate mineral, BaCO3, in the aragonite group. Witherite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and virtually always is twinned. The mineral is colorless, milky white, grey, pale yellow, green, to pale brown. The specific gravity is 4.3, which is high for a translucent...
    
    ; 20 Vaterite
    Vaterite
    Vaterite is a mineral, a polymorph of calcium carbonate. It was named after the German mineralogist Heinrich Vater. It is also known as mu-calcium carbonate and has a JCPDS number of 13-192. Vaterite, like aragonite, is a metastable phase of calcium carbonate at ambient conditions at the surface...
    
    , 25 Huntite
    Huntite
    Huntite is a carbonate mineral with the chemical formula Mg3Ca4.It often occurs in combination with hydromagnesite.It thermally decomposes over a temperature range of about 450–800 °C, releasing carbon dioxide and leaving a residue of magnesium oxide and calcium oxide.-Uses:Its most common...
    
    , 30 Norsethite, 35 Alstonite
    Alstonite
    Alstonite, also known as bromlite, is a member of the aragonite group of carbonate minerals. It is a calcium and barium carbonate mineral with formula, BaCa2. It is triclinic in crystal structure and differs structurally from barytocalcite, which has a monoclinic structure. Simple crystals are...
    
    ; 40 Olekminskite, 40 Paralstonite; 45 Barytocalcite
    Barytocalcite
    Barytocalcite is a barium calcium carbonate mineral with the chemical formula BaCa2. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system typically as massive to druzy accumulations of transparent white to yellow to grey aggregates of slender prismatic crystals...
    
    , 50 Carbocernaite, 55 Benstonite, 60 Juangodoyite
  • 05.AC Alkali and alkali-earth carbonates: 05 Eitelite, 10 Nyerereite
    Nyerereite
    Nyerereite is a very rare sodium calcium carbonate mineral with formula Na2Ca2. It forms colorless, platey pseudohexagonal orthorhombic crystals that are typically twinned. It has a specific gravity of 2.54 and indices of refraction of nα=1.511, nβ=1.533 and nγ=1.535. Nyerereite is not stable in...
    
    , 10 Natrofairchildite, 10 Zemkorite; 15 Butschliite, 20 Fairchildite, 25 Shortite
    Shortite
    Shortite is a sodium – calcium carbonate mineral, with the chemical formula Na2Ca23. It was discovered by J. J. Fahey in well cuttings from the Green River Formation, Sweetwater County, Wyoming USA, and was named to honor Maxwell N...
    
    ; 30 Sanromanite, 30 Burbankite, 30 Calcioburbankite, 30 Khanneshite
  • 05.AD With rare-earth elements (REE): 05 Sahamalite-(Ce); 15 Remondite-(Ce), 15 Petersenite-(Ce), 15 Remondite-(La); 20 Paratooite-(La)
• 05.B Carbonates with additional anions, without H₂O
  • 05.BA With Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Mg, Mn: 05 Azurite
    Azurite
    Azurite is a soft, deep blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits. It is also known as Chessylite after the type locality at Chessy-les-Mines near Lyon, France...
    
    , 10 Chukanovite, 10 Malachite
    Malachite
    Malachite is a copper carbonate mineral, with the formula Cu2CO32. This green-colored mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, and most often forms botryoidal, fibrous, or stalagmitic masses. Individual crystals are rare but do occur as slender to acicular prisms...
    
    , 10 Georgeite, 10 Pokrovskite, 10 Nullaginite, 10 Glaukosphaerite, 10 Mcguinnessite, 10 Kolwezite, 10 Rosasite
    Rosasite
    Rosasite is a carbonate mineral with minor potential for use as a zinc and copper ore. Chemically, it is a copper zinc carbonate hydroxide with a copper to zinc ratio of 3:2, occurring in the secondary oxidation zone of copper-zinc deposits. It was originally discovered in 1908 in the Rosas mine in...
    
    , 10 Zincrosasite; 15 Aurichalcite
    Aurichalcite
    Aurichalcite is a carbonate mineral, usually found as a secondary mineral in copper and zinc deposits. Its chemical formula is 526...
    
    , 15 Hydrozincite
    Hydrozincite
    Hydrozincite, also known as zinc bloom, is a white carbonate mineral consisting of Zn526. It is usually found in massive rather than crystalline form.It occurs as an oxidation product of zinc ores and as post mine incrustations...
    
    ; 20 Holdawayite, 25 Defernite; 30 Loseyite, 30 Sclarite
  • 05.BB With alkalies, etc.: 05 Barentsite, 10 Dawsonite
    Dawsonite
    Dawsonite is a mineral composed of sodium aluminium carbonate hydroxide, chemical formula NaAlCO32. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system. It is not mined for ore. It was discovered in 1874 during the construction of the Redpath Museum in a feldspathic dike on the campus of McGill...
    
    , 15 Tunisite, 20 Sabinaite
    Sabinaite
    Sabinaite is a rare carbonate mineral. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system as colorless to white prisms within cavities. It is more typically found as powdery coatings and masses...
    
    
  • 05.BC With alkali-earth cations: 05 Brenkite, 10 Rouvilleite, 15 Podlesnoite
  • 05.BD With rare-earth elements (REE): 05 Cordylite-(Ce), 05 Lukechangite-(Ce); 10 Kukharenkoite-(La), 10 Kukharenkoite-(Ce), 10 Zhonghuacerite-(Ce); 15 Cebaite-(Nd), 15 Cebaite-(Ce); 20a Bastnasite
    Bastnasite
    The mineral bastnäsite is one of a family of three carbonate-fluoride minerals, which includes bastnäsite- with a formula of CO3F, bastnäsite- with a formula of CO3F, and bastnäsite- with a formula of CO3F. Most bastnäsite is bastnäsite-, and cerium is by far the most common of the rare earths in...
    
    -(Ce), 20a Bastnasite-(La), 20a Bastnasite-(Y), 20a Hydroxylbastnasite-(Ce), 20a Hydroxylbastnasite-(La), 20a Hydroxylbastnasite-(Nd), 20a Thorbastnasite, 20b Parisite
    Parisite
    Parisite is a rare mineral consisting of cerium, lanthanum and calcium fluoro-carbonate, Ca23F2. Parisite is mostly parisite-, but when neodymium is present in the structure the mineral becomes parisite-....
    
    -(Nd), 20b Parisite-(Ce), 20c Synchysite-(Ce), 20c Synchysite-(Nd), 20c Synchysite-(Y), 20d Rontgenite-(Ce); 25 Horvathite-(Y), 30 Qaqarssukite-(Ce), 35 Huanghoite-(Ce)
  • 05.BE With Pb, Bi: 05 Shannonite, 10 Hydrocerussite, 15 Plumbonacrite, 20 Phosgenite
    Phosgenite
    Phosgenite is a rare mineral consisting of lead chlorocarbonate, 2CO3. The tetragonal crystals are prismatic or tabular in habit: they are usually colorless and transparent, and have a brilliant adamantine lustre. Sometimes the crystals have a curious helical twist about the tetrad or principal...
    
    , 25 Bismutite, 30 Kettnerite, 35 Beyerite
  • 05.BF With (Cl), SO₄, PO₄, TeO₃: 05 Northupite
    Northupite
    Northupite is an uncommon evaporite mineral, with the chemical formula Na3Mg2Cl. It was discovered in 1895 at Searles Lake, San Bernardino County, California by C. H. Northup , a grocer from San Jose, California, for whom Northupite is named....
    
    , 05 Ferrotychite, 05 Manganotychite, 05 Tychite; 10 Bonshtedtite, 10 Crawfordite, 10 Bradleyitev, 10 Sidorenkite, 15 Daqingshanite-(Ce), 20 Reederite-(Y), 25 Mineevite-(Y), 30 Brianyoungite, 35 Philolithite; 40 Macphersonitev, 40 Susannite, 40 Leadhillite
    Leadhillite
    Leadhillite is a lead sulfate carbonate hydroxide mineral, often associated with anglesite. It has the formula Pb4SO422.Leadhillite crystallizes in the monoclinic system, but forms pseudo-hexagonal forms due to crystal twinning. It forms transparent to translucent variably colored adamantine crystals...
    
    
• 05.C Carbonates without Additional Anions, with H₂O
  • 05.CA With medium-sized cations: 05 Nesquehonite, 10 Lansfordite
    Lansfordite
    Lansfordite is a hydrated magnesium carbonate mineral with composition: MgCO3·5H2O. Landsfordite was discovered in 1888 in a coal mine in Lansford, Pennsylvania. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and typically occurs as colorless to white prismatic crystals and stalactitic masses. It is a...
    
    , 15 Barringtonite, 20 Hellyerite
    Hellyerite
    Hellyerite, NiCO3·6, is an hydrated nickel carbonate mineral. It is light blue to bright green in colour, has a hardness of 2.5, a vitreous luster, a white streak and crystallises in the monoclinic system...
    
    
  • 05.CB With large cations (alkali and alkali-earth carbonates): 05 Thermonatrite
    Thermonatrite
    Thermonatrite is a naturally occurring evaporite mineral form of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3·.It was first described in 1845. Its name is from the Greek θερμός, "thermos", heat, plus natron, because it may be a dehydration product of natron....
    
    , 10 Natron
    Natron
    Natron is a naturally occurring mixture of sodium carbonate decahydrate and about 17% sodium bicarbonate along with small quantities of household salt and sodium sulfate. Natron is white to colourless when pure, varying to gray or yellow with impurities...
    
    , 15 Trona
    Trona
    Trona ; Na3•2H2O is an evaporite mineral. It is mined as the primary source of sodium carbonate in the United States, where it has replaced the Solvay process used in most of the rest of the world for sodium carbonate production.- Etymology :The word "trona" comes to English by way of either...
    
    , 20 Monohydrocalcite
    Monohydrocalcite
    Monohydrocalcite is a mineral that is a hydrous form of calcium carbonate, CaCO3·H2O. It was formerly also known by the name hydrocalcite, which is now discredited by the IMA. It is a trigonal mineral which is white when pure...
    
    , 25 Ikaite
    Ikaite
    Ikaite is the mineral name for the hexahydrate of calcium carbonate, CaCO3·6H2O. It is only found in a metastable state, and decomposes rapidly once removed from near-freezing water. It is more commonly known through its pseudomorphs.-Distribution:...
    
    , 30 Pirssonite, 35 Gaylussite
    Gaylussite
    Gaylussite is a carbonate mineral, a hydrated sodium calcium carbonate, formula Na2Ca2·5H2O. It occurs as translucent, vitreous white to grey to yellow monoclinic prismatic crystals. It is an unstable mineral which dehydrates in dry air and decomposes in water.It is formed as an evaporite from...
    
    , 40 Chalconatronite, 45 Baylissite, 50 Tuliokite
  • 05.CC With rare-earth elements (REE): 05 Donnayite-(Y)
    Donnayite-(Y)
    Donnayite- is a rare earth carbonate consisting of the rare earth metal yttrium. It was first discovered in 1978 at Mont St-Hilaire, Quebec. Donnayite was subsequently identified and named after Joseph D.H. Donnay and his wife, Gabrielle Donnay. Both were prominent mineralogists and...
    
    , 05 Mckelveyite
    McKelveyite
    Mckelveyite is a hydrated sodium, barium, yttrium, and uranium–containing carbonate, with the chemical formula 36. It was first described in 1965 from deposits in the Green River Formation, Sweetwater County, Wyoming, and is named after Vincent Ellis McKelvey , a former director of the United...
    
    -(Nd)*, 05 Mckelveyite-(Y), 05 Weloganite
    Weloganite
    Weloganite is a rare carbonate mineral with formula: It was discovered in 1967 and named for Canadian geologist Sir William Edmond Logan . It was first discovered in Francon Quarry, Montreal, Canada and has only been reported from a few localities worldwide.-Properties:It is usually white, lemon...
    
    ; 10 Tengerite-(Y), 15 Lokkaite-(Y); 20 Shomiokite-(Y), 20 IMA2008-069; 25 Calkinsite-(Ce), 25 Lanthanite
    Lanthanite
    Lanthanite is a radioactive mineral, a carbonate of the rare earth elements lanthanum, cerium and neodymium with formula: 23·8. It is officially known as three separate minerals lanthanite-Ce, lanthanite-La and lanthanite-Nd based on the dominant rare earth element. Some samples of the mineral may...
    
    -(Ce), 25 Lanthanite-(La), 25 Lanthanite-(Nd); 30 Adamsite-(Y)
    Adamsite-(Y)
    Adamsite- NaY2·6H2O is a mineral of sodium, yttrium, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. It is named after Prof. Frank Dawson Adams, a Canadian geologist. Its Mohs scale rating is 3.-External links:**...
    
    , 35 Decrespignyite-(Y), 40 Galgenbergite-(Ce), 45 Ewaldite, 50 Kimuraite-(Y)
• 05.D Carbonates with Additional Anions, with H₂O
  • 05.DA With medium-sized cations: 05 Dypingite, 05 Giorgiosite, 05 Hydromagnesite
    Hydromagnesite
    Hydromagnesite is a hydrated magnesium carbonate mineral with the formula: Mg542.4H2O.It generally occurs associated with the weathering products of magnesium containing minerals such as serpentine or brucite. It occurs as incrustations and vein or fracture fillings in ultramafic rocks and...
    
    , 05 Widgiemoolthalite; 10 Artinite
    Artinite
    Artinite is a hydrated magnesium carbonate mineral with formula: Mg22·3H2O. It forms white silky monoclinic prismatic crystals that are often in radial arrays or encrustations. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 and a specific gravity of 2....
    
    , 10 Chlorartinite; 15 Otwayite
    Otwayite
    Otwayite, Ni2CO32, is a hydrated nickel carbonate mineral. Otwayite is green, with a hardness of 4, a specific gravity of 3.4, and crystallises in the orthorhombic system.- Occurrence :...
    
    , 20 Kambaldaite
    Kambaldaite
    Kambaldaite, NaNi433·3H2O, is an extremely rare hydrated sodium nickel carbonate mineral described from gossanous material associated with Kambalda type komatiitic nickel ore deposits at Kambalda, Western Australia, and Widgie Townsite nickel gossan, Widgiemooltha, Western Australia.Kambaldaite...
    
    , 25 Callaghanite, 30 Claraite; 35 Hydroscarbroite, 35 Scarbroite; 40 Charmarite-3T, 40 Charmarite-2H, 40 Caresite, 40 Quintinite
    Quintinite
    Quintinite is a carbonate mineral with the chemical formula Mg4Al212CO3⋅H2O.The mineral was named after Quinitin Wight of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Quintinite is a carbonate mineral with the chemical formula Mg4Al2(OH)12CO3⋅H2O.The mineral was named after Quinitin Wight of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada...
    
    -2H, 40 Quintinite-3T; 45 Brugnatellite, 45 Barbertonite
    Barbertonite
    Barbertonite is a magnesium chromium carbonate mineral with formula of [Mg6Cr216CO3·4H2O]. It is a hexagonal polymorph of the mineral stichtite, and along with stichtite, is an alteration product of chromite in serpentinite...
    
    , 45 Chlormagaluminite, 45 Zaccagnaite
    Zaccagnaite
    Zaccagnaite is a mineral, with a formula Zn4Al2CO312·3H2O. It occurs as white hexagonal crystals associated with calcite in cavites in Carrara marble of the Italian Alps and is thought to have formed by hydrothermal alteration of sphalerite in an aluminium rich environment. It is named after...
    
    , 45 Manasseite, 45 Sjogrenite; 50 Desautelsite, 50 Comblainite, 50 Hydrotalcite
    Hydrotalcite
    Hydrotalcite is a layered double hydroxide of general formula Hydrotalcite is a layered double hydroxide of general formula Hydrotalcite is a layered double hydroxide of general formula (Mg6Al2(CO3)(OH)16·4(H2O) whose name is derived from its resemblance with talc and its high water content. It is...
    
    , 50 Pyroaurite, 50 Reevesite, 50 Stichtite
    Stichtite
    Stichtite is a mineral, a carbonate of chromium and magnesium; formula Mg6Cr2CO316·4H2O. Its colour ranges from pink through lilac to a rich purple colour. It is formed as an alteration product from chromium containing serpentine....
    
    , 50 Takovite; 55 Coalingite, 60 Karchevskyite, 65 Indigirite, 70 Zaratite
    Zaratite
    Zaratite is a bright emerald green nickel carbonate mineral with formula Ni3CO34·4H2O. Zaratite crystallizes in the isometric crystal system as massive to mammillary encrustations and vein fillings. It has a specific gravity of 2.6 and a Mohs hardness of 3 to 3.5. It has no cleavage and is...
    
    
  • 05.DB With large and medium-sized cations: 05 Alumohydrocalcite, 05 Para-alumohydrocalcite, 05 Nasledovite; 10 Dresserite, 10 Dundasite
    Dundasite
    Dundasite is a rare lead aluminium carbonate mineral. The mineral is named after the type locality, Dundas, Tasmania, Australia. The mineral was first discovered in the Adelaide Proprietary Mine. Dundasite was first described by William Frederick Petterd in 1893.Dundasite is an uncommon secondary...
    
    , 10 Strontiodresserite, 10 Petterdite, 10 Kochsandorite; 15 Hydrodresserite, 20 Schuilingite-(Nd), 25 Sergeevite, 30 Szymanskiite, 35 Montroyalite
  • 05.DC With large cations: 05 Ancylite
    Ancylite
    Ancylite is a group of hydrous strontium carbonate minerals containing cerium, lanthanum and minor amounts of other rare earth elements. The composition is Sr2· with ancylite-Ce enriched in cerium and ancylite-La in lanthanum....
    
    -(Ce), 05 Ancylite-(La), 05 Gysinite-(Nd), 05 Calcioancylite-(Ce), 05 Calcioancylite-(Nd), 05 Kozoite-(La), 05 Kozoite-(Nd); 10 Kamphaugite-(Y), 15 Sheldrickite, 20 Thomasclarkite-(Y), 25 Peterbaylissite, 30 Clearcreekite, 35 Niveolanite
• 05.E Uranyl Carbonates
  • 05.EA UO₂:CO₃ > 1:1: 10 Urancalcarite, 15 Wyartite
    Wyartite
    Wyartite Ca3U6218 ·3-5 is a uranium bearing mineral named after Jean Wyart , mineralogist at the Sorbonne, Paris. Greenish black, black, black violet in color, translucent to opaque orthorhombic crystals presentantion. A hardness of 3 - 4 Mohs. Its other names are Ianthinite , Wyartit and Wyartita...
    
    , 20 Oswaldpeetersite, 25 Roubaultite, 30 Kamotoite-(Y), 35 Sharpite
  • 05.EB UO₂:CO₃ = 1:1: 05 Rutherfordine
    Rutherfordine
    Rutherfordine is a mineral containing almost pure uranyl carbonate. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system in translucent lathlike, elongated, commonly radiating in fibrous, and in pulverulent, earthy to very fine-grained dense masses. It has a specific gravity of 5.7 and exhibits two...
    
    , 10 Blatonite, 15 Joliotite, 20 Bijvoetite-(Y)
  • 05.EC UO₂:CO₃ < 1:1 - 1:2: 05 Fontanite; 10 Metazellerite, 10 Zellerite
  • 05.ED UO₂:CO₃ = 1:3: 05 Bayleyite, 10 Swartzite, 15 Albrechtschraufite
    Albrechtschraufite
    Albrechtschraufite is a very rare complex hydrated Ca- and Mg-bearing uranyl fluoride carbonate mineral with formula Ca4Mg26F2·17H2O....
    
    , 20 Liebigite, 25 Rabbittite, 30 Andersonite
    Andersonite
    Andersonite, Andersonit or Andersonita , or hydrated sodium calcium uranyl carbonate is a rare uranium carbonate mineral that was only described in the last half century. Named for Charles Alfred Anderson of United States Geological Survey, who first described the mineral species, it is found in...
    
    , 35 Grimselite, 40 Widenmannite, 45 Znucalite, 50 Cejkaite
  • 05.EE UO₂:CO₃ = 1:4: 05 Voglite, 10 Shabaite-(Nd)
  • 05.EF UO₂:CO₃ = 1:5: 05 Astrocyanite-(Ce)
  • 05.EG With SO₄ or SiO₄: 05 Schrockingerite
    Schröckingerite
    Schröckingerite is a radioactive yellow uranium mineral with formula NaCa3[F|3]·10. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and occurs as globular clusters. It fluoresces yellow green under ultraviolet light....
    
    , 10 Lepersonnite-(Gd)

Class: nitrates

• 05.N Nitrates
  • 05.NA Without OH or H₂O: 05 Nitratine
    Nitratine
    Nitratine or nitratite, also known as cubic niter , soda niter or Chile saltpeter , is a mineral, the naturally occurring form of sodium nitrate, NaNO3. Nitratine crystallizes in the trigonal system, but rarely occurs as well formed crystals. It is isostructural with calcite...
    
    , 10 Niter
    Niter
    Niter or nitre is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO3, also known as saltpeter or saltpetre . Historically, the term "niter" – cognate with "natrium", a Latin word for sodium – has been very vaguely defined, and it has been applied to a variety of other minerals and chemical compounds,...
    
    , 15 Gwihabaite
    Gwihabaite
    Gwihabaite is a rare ammonium potassium nitrate mineral . It is named after its type locality at the Gcwihaba Cave . It is orthorhombic in form, colorless with a vitreous luster. It has a Mohs hardness of 5 and a specific gravity of 1.77. It is deliquescent and water soluble. The mineral is also...
    
    , 20 Nitrobarite
  • 05.NB With OH: 05 Gerhardtite, 05 Rouaite
  • 05.NC With H₂O: 05 Nitromagnesite, 10 Nitrocalcite
  • 05.ND With OH (etc.) and H₂O: 05 Likasite, 10 Mbobomkulite, 15 Hydrombobomkulite, 20 Sveite