Caledonian
Encyclopedia
Caledonian is a geographical
term used to refer to places, species, or items in or from Scotland
, or particularly the Scottish Highlands
. It derives from Caledonia
, the Roman name for the area of modern Scotland. It is often abbreviated to "Caley", "Cally", or "The Caley", or — in Gaelic — "An Calaidh" (The Caley).
Caledonian is also used to refer to places or people in or from New Caledonia
.
It may refer to:
It is also used by Scottish institutions or societies around the world, or by groups with Scottish ancestry. For example the Caledonian Club
in London.
Geography
Geography is the science that studies the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth. A literal translation would be "to describe or write about the Earth". The first person to use the word "geography" was Eratosthenes...
term used to refer to places, species, or items in or from Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
, or particularly the Scottish Highlands
Scottish Highlands
The Highlands is an historic region of Scotland. The area is sometimes referred to as the "Scottish Highlands". It was culturally distinguishable from the Lowlands from the later Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands...
. It derives from Caledonia
Caledonia
Caledonia is the Latinised form and name given by the Romans to the land in today's Scotland north of their province of Britannia, beyond the frontier of their empire...
, the Roman name for the area of modern Scotland. It is often abbreviated to "Caley", "Cally", or "The Caley", or — in Gaelic — "An Calaidh" (The Caley).
Caledonian is also used to refer to places or people in or from New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, east of Australia and about from Metropolitan France. The archipelago, part of the Melanesia subregion, includes the main island of Grande Terre, the Loyalty Islands, the Belep archipelago, the Isle of...
.
It may refer to:
- CaledoniansCaledoniansThe Caledonians , or Caledonian Confederacy, is a name given by historians to a group of indigenous peoples of what is now Scotland during the Iron Age and Roman eras. The Romans referred to their territory as Caledonia and initially included them as Britons, but later distinguished as the Picts...
, the people of Caledonia - Caledonian AirwaysCaledonian AirwaysCaledonian Airways was a wholly private, independentindependent from government-owned corporations Scottish charter airline formed in April 1961. It began with a single Douglas DC-7C leased from Sabena. Caledonian grew rapidly over the coming years to become the leading transatlantic "affinity...
, former Scottish airline - Caledonian CanalCaledonian CanalThe Caledonian Canal is a canal in Scotland that connects the Scottish east coast at Inverness with the west coast at Corpach near Fort William. It was constructed in the early nineteenth century by engineer Thomas Telford, and is a sister canal of the Göta Canal in Sweden, also constructed by...
, between Inverness and Fort William, Scotland - Caledonian BreweryCaledonian BreweryCaledonian Brewery is a Scottish brewery founded in 1869 in the Shandon area of Edinburgh, Scotland. The Caley, as it is known locally, is the only survivor of over 40 breweries that operated in Edinburgh during the 19th century, although a number of independent breweries have opened in recent...
, in Edinburgh, Scotland - Caledonian Envelopes, Scotlands foremost envelopes supplier
- Caledonian F.C.Caledonian F.C.Caledonian Football Club was a football club from the city of Inverness, Highland, Scotland.-Formation:Caledonian Football Club was formed in 1885 by lads from the 'Big Green' area of Inverness, though some sources quote 1886. They were founder members of the Highland Football League in 1893 and...
, former football club from Inverness - Caledonian ForestCaledonian ForestThe Caledonian Forest is the name of a type of woodland that once covered vast areas of Scotland. Today, however, only 1% of the original forest survives, covering in 84 locations. The forests are home to a wide variety of wildlife, much of which is not found elsewhere in the British...
, the native woodland of Highland Scotland - Caledonian GroundCaledonian GroundThe Caledonian Ground, often simply known as "The Caley", is a major sports venue in the New Zealand city of Dunedin. It is primarily used for soccer and athletics, and has a capacity of 7,500.-Location:...
, sports venue in Dunedin, New Zealand - Caledonian (locomotive)Caledonian (locomotive)Caledonian was an early steam locomotive which had a short career on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway .-Design:Caledonian was an 0-4-0 locomotive, with two vertical cylinders mounted in front of the smokebox driving all four wheels by means of connecting rods...
, an early locomotive of the Liverpool and Manchester RailwayLiverpool and Manchester RailwayThe Liverpool and Manchester Railway was the world's first inter-city passenger railway in which all the trains were timetabled and were hauled for most of the distance solely by steam locomotives. The line opened on 15 September 1830 and ran between the cities of Liverpool and Manchester in North...
. - Caledonian orogenyCaledonian orogenyThe Caledonian orogeny is a mountain building era recorded in the northern parts of the British Isles, the Scandinavian Mountains, Svalbard, eastern Greenland and parts of north-central Europe. The Caledonian orogeny encompasses events that occurred from the Ordovician to Early Devonian, roughly...
, a geological event - Caledonian RailwayCaledonian RailwayThe Caledonian Railway was a major Scottish railway company. It was formed in the early 19th century and it was absorbed almost a century later into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, in the 1923 railway grouping, by means of the Railways Act 1921...
, former Scottish railway company - Caledonian Railway (Brechin)Caledonian Railway (Brechin)The Caledonian Steam Railway Ltd is a private limited company formed by a group of steam railway enthusiasts, the Brechin Railway Preservation Society, with the object of operating a railway service on the former Caledonian Railway line between Brechin and Montrose, Angus, Scotland...
, preserved steam railway - Caledonian-RecordCaledonian-RecordThe Caledonian-Record is a daily newspaper published in St. Johnsbury, Vermont. It was established in 1837. It employs a staff of 36.-Circulation:...
, a newspaper published in Vermont, USA - Caledonian Road (disambiguation), the name of two stations in London, England
- Caledonian SleeperCaledonian SleeperThe Caledonian Sleeper is a sleeper train service operated by First ScotRail and one of only two remaining sleeper services running on the railways of Great Britain, the other being the Night Riviera....
, a sleeper train service in Scotland - Caledonian StadiumCaledonian StadiumThe Caledonian Stadium, currently known as the Tulloch Caledonian Stadium for sponsorship reasons, is an association football stadium situated in the Longman area of Inverness, Scotland...
, football stadium in Inverness, home ground of Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club are a Scottish football club from Inverness who compete in the Scottish Premier League. They are currently managed by Terry Butcher and assistant manager Maurice Malpas... - Glasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow Caledonian UniversityGlasgow Caledonian University is a public university in Glasgow, Scotland.The university was constituted by an Act of Parliament on 1 April 1993 as a result of a merger between Glasgow Polytechnic and The Queen's College, Glasgow....
, in Glasgow, Scotland - The Caledonian Cup, a tournament held each year by Scottish Pro Wrestling
It is also used by Scottish institutions or societies around the world, or by groups with Scottish ancestry. For example the Caledonian Club
Caledonian Club
The Caledonian Club is a members' club in central London, for Scots in London and their guests.- History :The club was founded in 1891 as a proprietary club, based in Chares II street, London SW1...
in London.