Bugei Ryuha Daijiten
Encyclopedia
The or "Encyclopedia of Martial art schools", originally Bugei Ryuha Jiten (武芸流派辞典), is a catalog of Koryū
Bujutsu (old schools) and Gendai Budō
(new schools) of Japanese martial arts. It is composed both of active and inactive schools, chronicled over the lifetimes of the authors Watatani Kiyoshi (Western name order: Kiyoshi Watatani) and Yamada Tadashi (Western name order: Tadashi Yamada). Due to the meticulousness of their cataloging, formatting style and methods used in creating the book it has become the standard academic reference for anyone doing research into the field.
In 1972 an author revised version was published as "Bugei Ryuha 100 Sen" (武芸流派100選) or "Selection of 100 Martial Art Schools".
as a division between old and new schools. The designation reflects the difference between those martial arts training in budō
, and bujutsu. Each school is listed by Kanji, using "AIUEO-jun" (similar to alphabitizing) for order. It usually, but not always, provides a list of the arts taught in the school, periodically accompanied by a brief history and lineage chart. There are also sections for cross-referencing schools, which is mentioned directly after the schools name. Occasionally the authors had direct contact to the school and its practitioners, so further information was given according to their notes and conversations.
36 (1904). He was the descendant of a gunnery instructor (Yoshikawa-ryu hojoutsu) of the Kishu domain and his father was a minister. After his father's death, he was sent to live with relatives, first in Awajijima and then in Kobe
, where he was adopted by the Watatani family.
When in middle school he studied Ryugo Ryu Kenjutsu
(of the style transmitted in Takino Domain)
He graduated from Waseda University
and was a member of the Bungeika Kyokai. He has written and edited more than forty books in a variety of fields, including history, historical novels, interpreting, geography of Edo
, research methodology and practices, as well as twenty-five books on the history of martial arts and traditions.
Kiyoshi Watatani was a close friends with many martial arts instructors, including Toshitsugu Takamatsu
.
12 (1923). He became interested in the history of martial arts while he was a student at Tsushima High School.
On graduating from a teacher training course at Nagoya Higher Industrial Arts School, he was a teacher at many schools in the area.
He began working at a local school for the blind after losing the sight of both eyes.
(in alphabetical order)
Koryu
is a Japanese word that is used in association with the ancient Japanese martial arts. This word literally translates as "old school" or "traditional school"...
Bujutsu (old schools) and Gendai Budō
Gendai Budo
, meaning "modern martial way", are modern Japanese martial arts which were established after the Meiji Restoration . Koryū are the opposite: ancient martial arts established before the Meiji Restoration.-Scope and tradition:...
(new schools) of Japanese martial arts. It is composed both of active and inactive schools, chronicled over the lifetimes of the authors Watatani Kiyoshi (Western name order: Kiyoshi Watatani) and Yamada Tadashi (Western name order: Tadashi Yamada). Due to the meticulousness of their cataloging, formatting style and methods used in creating the book it has become the standard academic reference for anyone doing research into the field.
Publication history
The book is written in Japanese by Kiyoshi Watatani and Tadashi Yamada. The original 1963 edition was called "Bugei Ryuha Jiten" (武芸流派辭典). Later the character "dai" (大) was added to the title to form "daijiten" (大辭典) in the 1969-1978 editions.It was last published in 1979. The Tokyo Koppi Shuppanbu publicated version is 974 pages, and is a hardbound volume. There was a revised printing of the third 1978 edition in 2003, with revisions made by Yasuhiro Saito.In 1972 an author revised version was published as "Bugei Ryuha 100 Sen" (武芸流派100選) or "Selection of 100 Martial Art Schools".
Style and contents
The authors used the Meiji RestorationMeiji Restoration
The , also known as the Meiji Ishin, Revolution, Reform or Renewal, was a chain of events that restored imperial rule to Japan in 1868...
as a division between old and new schools. The designation reflects the difference between those martial arts training in budō
Budo
is a Japanese term describing martial arts. In English, it is used almost exclusively in reference to Japanese martial arts.-Etymology:Budō is a compound of the root bu , meaning war or martial; and dō , meaning path or way. Specifically, dō is derived from the Buddhist Sanskrit mārga...
, and bujutsu. Each school is listed by Kanji, using "AIUEO-jun" (similar to alphabitizing) for order. It usually, but not always, provides a list of the arts taught in the school, periodically accompanied by a brief history and lineage chart. There are also sections for cross-referencing schools, which is mentioned directly after the schools name. Occasionally the authors had direct contact to the school and its practitioners, so further information was given according to their notes and conversations.
Kiyoshi Watatani
Kiyoshi Watatani was born in Wakayama City in MeijiMeiji period
The , also known as the Meiji era, is a Japanese era which extended from September 1868 through July 1912. This period represents the first half of the Empire of Japan.- Meiji Restoration and the emperor :...
36 (1904). He was the descendant of a gunnery instructor (Yoshikawa-ryu hojoutsu) of the Kishu domain and his father was a minister. After his father's death, he was sent to live with relatives, first in Awajijima and then in Kobe
Kobe
, pronounced , is the fifth-largest city in Japan and is the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture on the southern side of the main island of Honshū, approximately west of Osaka...
, where he was adopted by the Watatani family.
When in middle school he studied Ryugo Ryu Kenjutsu
Kenjutsu
, meaning "the method, or technique, of the sword." This is opposed to kendo, which means the way of the sword. Kenjutsu is the umbrella term for all traditional schools of Japanese swordsmanship, in particular those that predate the Meiji Restoration...
(of the style transmitted in Takino Domain)
He graduated from Waseda University
Waseda University
, abbreviated as , is one of the most prestigious private universities in Japan and Asia. Its main campuses are located in the northern part of Shinjuku, Tokyo. Founded in 1882 as Tokyo Senmon Gakko, the institution was renamed "Waseda University" in 1902. It is known for its liberal climate...
and was a member of the Bungeika Kyokai. He has written and edited more than forty books in a variety of fields, including history, historical novels, interpreting, geography of Edo
Edo
, also romanized as Yedo or Yeddo, is the former name of the Japanese capital Tokyo, and was the seat of power for the Tokugawa shogunate which ruled Japan from 1603 to 1868...
, research methodology and practices, as well as twenty-five books on the history of martial arts and traditions.
Kiyoshi Watatani was a close friends with many martial arts instructors, including Toshitsugu Takamatsu
Toshitsugu Takamatsu
was born on 10 March 1889 in Akashi, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan and died on 2 April 1972. He was a martial artist who taught future Bujinkan founder Masaaki Hatsumi. He has been called "The Last Shinobi" by Bujinkan instructor Wolfgang Ettig....
.
Tadashi Yamada
Tadashi Yamada was born in Aichi Prefecture in TaishoTaisho
Taisho may refer to:* Taishō period , a period in the history of Japan* Emperor Taishō of Japan , reigned 1912–1926. His given name was Yoshihito.* Taishō-ku, Osaka, a ward in the city of Osaka, Japan...
12 (1923). He became interested in the history of martial arts while he was a student at Tsushima High School.
On graduating from a teacher training course at Nagoya Higher Industrial Arts School, he was a teacher at many schools in the area.
He began working at a local school for the blind after losing the sight of both eyes.
Listed ryuha
Note - the following schools are listed in the Bugei Ryuha Daijiten, but doubts regarding legitimacy of lineage claims of some are made clear in the text:(in alphabetical order)
- Bufu-ryū
- Daito-ryūDaito-ryu, originally called , is a Japanese martial art that first became widely known in the early 20th century under the headmastership of Takeda Sokaku. Takeda had extensive training in several martial arts and referred to the style he taught as "Daitō-ryū"...
- Isshin-ryū kusarigamajutsuIsshin-ryu kusarigamajutsuis a traditional school of the Japanese martial art of kusarigamajutsu, the art of using the chain and scythe . Its exact origin is disputed, and may have been founded as early as the 14th century by the samurai Nen Ami Jion 念阿弥慈恩 , but the modern-day techniques were compiled and incorporated no...
- Gikan-ryū
- Gyokko-ryū
- Jigen-ryūJigen-ryuJigen-ryū is a traditional school of Japanese martial arts founded in the late 16th century by Togo Chui in Satsuma Province, now Kagoshima prefecture, Kyushu, Japan. It focuses mainly on the art of swordsmanship...
- Kukishin-ryū
- Kukishinden-ryū
- Kumogakure-ryū
- Koto-ryū
- Kyushin-ryū
- Mino-ryū
- Mugai-ryūMugai-ryuis a Japanese koryū martial art school founded by in 23rd June 1680.- History :The founder of Mugai ryu, Tsuji Gettan Sukemochi 辻月丹資茂 was born to Tsuji Yadayū descendant of Sasaki Takadzuna, in the second year of Keihan ,in the Miya-mura-aza village area 宮村字 of Masugi 馬杉, in the Kōka-gun district...
- Musō Shinden-ryūMuso Shinden-ryuis a iaijutsu koryū founded by Nakayama Hakudō , last sōke of the Shimomura branch of Hasegawa Eishin-ryū. The term "iaidō" appeared in 1932 and was popularized by Nakayama Hakudō .-Particularities:...
- Musō Jikiden Eishin-ryūMuso Jikiden Eishin-ryu, is a koryū sword art, and one of the most widely practiced schools of iaijutsu in the world. Often referred to simply as "Eishin-ryū," it claims an unbroken lineage dating back to the sixteenth century....
- Nagano ryū
- Sekiguchi Shinshin-ryūSekiguchi Shinshin-ryu, or , is a Japanese martial art founded in the mid-17th century, notable for its Kenjutsu, Iaijutsu, and Jujutsu, including the art of kyusho-jitsu-History:...
- Shinden Fudo-ryū
- Suiō-ryū
- Takagi Yoshin-ryū
- Togakure-ryūTogakure-ryūis a historical tradition of Ninjutsu known as the "School of the Hidden Door", founded during the Oho period by Daisuke Nishina , who learned his original fighting techniques from a Chinese monk named Kain Dōshi. However, the history and early lineage of Togakure-ryū may be impossible to verify...
- Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryūTenshin Shoden Katori Shinto-ryuis one of the oldest extant Japanese martial arts, and an exemplar of koryū bujutsu. The Tenshin Shōden Katori Shintō-ryū was founded by Iizasa Ienao, born 1387 in Iizasa village , who was living near Katori Shrine at the time...
- Toyama-ryūToyama-ryuis Battōjutsu which refer to a combination of Iaijutsu, kata, and tameshigiri created by the Imperial Japanese Army. It is based on Gunto Soho forms developed in 1925 at the Rikugun Toyama Gakko, or "Toyama Army Academy" in Toyama, Tokyo, Japan. The original training and forms were established by...
- Yagyū Shinkage-ryūYagyu Shinkage-ryuis one of the oldest Japanese schools of swordsmanship . Its primary founder was Kamiizumi Nobutsuna, who called the school Shinkage-ryū. In 1565, Nobutsuna bequeathed the school to his greatest student, Yagyū Munetoshi, who added his own name to the school. Today, the Yagyū Shinkage-ryū remains...