Bud Dajo
Encyclopedia
Bud Dajo is one of the cinder cone
s that make up the island of Jolo
and part of the Jolo Volcanic Group
in the Republic of the Philippines. The extinct volcano
is located 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast from the town of Jolo
in Sulu province
. The mountain and adjacent lands were declared as Mount Dajo National Park in 1938.
in Cotabato
province.
and subsequent tsunami
on September 21, 1897 that devastated the Southern Philippines was believed to be from a submarine eruption therefore excludes Bud Dajo.
in 1993 and in 1997 on the mountain. No unusual activities were observed within the vicinity of the volcano.
.
):
during the Moro Rebellion
of the Philippine-American War
in 1906, which culminated in the Moro Crater Massacre
, the killing of over a thousand villagers hiding on the crater of Bud Dajo. The five-day Second Battle of Bud Dajo
in 1911 ended with less casualties through negotiations, persuading the majority to return home.
Cinder cone
According to the , Cinder Cone is the proper name of 1 cinder cone in Canada and 7 cinder cones in the United States:In Canada: Cinder Cone In the United States:...
s that make up the island of Jolo
Jolo Island
Jolo is a volcanic island in the southwest Philippines. It is located in the Sulu Archipelago, between Borneo and Mindanao, and has a population of approximately 300,000 people....
and part of the Jolo Volcanic Group
Jolo Group
Jolo Group is an active group of volcanoes in the island of Jolo in Southern Philippines.The Global Volcanism Program list Jolo as one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines while the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology collectively list the group as Bud Dajo, one of the cinder...
in the Republic of the Philippines. The extinct volcano
Volcano
2. Bedrock3. Conduit 4. Base5. Sill6. Dike7. Layers of ash emitted by the volcano8. Flank| 9. Layers of lava emitted by the volcano10. Throat11. Parasitic cone12. Lava flow13. Vent14. Crater15...
is located 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast from the town of Jolo
Jolo, Sulu
Jolo is a municipality on the island of Jolo, and the capital and largest town of the province of Sulu. According to the 2000 census, it has a population of 87,998 people in 12,814 households. Part of its population is of Chinese descent, mainly from Singapore...
in Sulu province
Provinces of the Philippines
The Provinces of the Philippines are the primary political and administrative divisions of the Philippines. There are 80 provinces at present, further subdivided into component cities and municipalities. The National Capital Region, as well as independent cities, are autonomous from any provincial...
. The mountain and adjacent lands were declared as Mount Dajo National Park in 1938.
Physical features
The cinder cone has an elevation of 620 metres (2,034.1 ft) with a base diameter of 9.5 kilometres (5.9 mi). On the summit of the mountain is 0.5 kilometre (0.310686368324903 mi) crater that is breached to the southwest. The other volcanic edifices adjacent to Bud Dajo are: Matanding, located northeast of the Bud Dajo with an elevation of 400 metres (1,312.3 ft) asl; Guimba, east and elevation of 482 metres (1,581.4 ft) asl; and Sungal, southeast which is 518 metres (1,699.5 ft) asl.1641
The volcanoes of Jolo were one of the volcanoes falsely attributed to the eruption on January 4, 1641 which engulfed southern Philippines in darkness. Further studies later found the eruption to have come from Parker VolcanoMount Parker (Cotabato)
Mount Parker, locally known as Melibengoy, is a stratovolcano on Mindanao island in the Philippines . It is located in the province of South Cotabato, 30 kilometers west of General Santos City and 44 kilometers south of Koronadal City.The volcano's English name is taken from an American...
in Cotabato
Cotabato
Cotabato , is a landlocked province of the Philippines located in the SOCCSKSARGEN region in Mindanao...
province.
1897
The earthquakeEarthquake
An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves. The seismicity, seismism or seismic activity of an area refers to the frequency, type and size of earthquakes experienced over a period of time...
and subsequent tsunami
Tsunami
A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, typically an ocean or a large lake...
on September 21, 1897 that devastated the Southern Philippines was believed to be from a submarine eruption therefore excludes Bud Dajo.
PHIVOLCS monitoring activity
A short-term monitoring (seismic and visuals) surveys were conducted by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and SeismologyPhilippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology is a Philippine national institution dedicated to provide information on the activities of volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis, as well as other specialized information and services primarily for the protection of life and property and in...
in 1993 and in 1997 on the mountain. No unusual activities were observed within the vicinity of the volcano.
Mount Dajo National Park
The mountain and surrounding areas were declared as a national park by Proclamation No. 261 on February 28, 1938 encompassing 213 hectares (526.3 acre) of land. Recent reports have shown that the mountain is very deforested with few remaining forest cover usually on the steep ridges. The game refuge is not currently listed as a protected area under the National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines)Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Philippines)
The Department of Environment and Natural Resources is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for governing and supervising the exploration, development, utilization, and conservation of the country's natural resources.-History:The Department of Environment and Natural...
.
Fauna
Some vulnerable and endangered species, not necessarily endemic to the area, but can be found within the Mount Dajo National Park are (from BirdLife InternationalBirdLife International
BirdLife International is a global Partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources...
):
- Grey Imperial Pigeon (Ducula pickeringii), VulnerableVulnerable speciesOn 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:...
- Philippine Cockatoo or the Red-vented Cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia), Critically endangeredCritically endangeredVersion 2010.3 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 3744 Critically Endangered species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and subpopulations.Critically Endangered by kingdom:*1993 Animalia*2 Fungi*1745 Plantae*4 Protista-References:...
- Sulu HornbillSulu HornbillThe Sulu Hornbill or Montano's Hornbill is a species of hornbill in the Bucerotidae family.It is endemic to the Philippines.Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montanes....
(Anthracoceros montani), Critically endangeredCritically endangeredVersion 2010.3 of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 3744 Critically Endangered species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and subpopulations.Critically Endangered by kingdom:*1993 Animalia*2 Fungi*1745 Plantae*4 Protista-References:... - Sulu WoodpeckerSulu WoodpeckerThe Sulu Pygmy Woodpecker or Sulu Woodpecker is a species of bird in the Picidae family. Formerly, it was included in the Philippine Woodpecker . But it actually seems to form a superspecies with this and the Sulawesi Woodpecker , as part of the large D...
Dendrocopos ramsayi, VulnerableVulnerable speciesOn 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:... - Winchell's Kingfisher or Rufous-lored Kingfisher (Todiramphus winchelli), VulnerableVulnerable speciesOn 30 January 2010, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species identified 9694 Vulnerable species, subspecies and varieties, stocks and sub-populations.-References:...
Historical relevance
The mountain was the site of the First Battle of Bud DajoFirst Battle of Bud Dajo
The First Battle of Bud Dajo, also known as the Battle of Mt. Dajo, was a counter insurgency action fought by the United States Army against native Moros in March 1906, during the Moro Rebellion phase of the Philippine-American War...
during the Moro Rebellion
Moro Rebellion
The Moro Rebellion was an armed military conflict between Moro revolutionary groups in the Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan and the United States military which took place in the Philippines as early as between 1899 to 1913, following the Spanish-American War in 1898...
of the Philippine-American War
Philippine-American War
The Philippine–American War, also known as the Philippine War of Independence or the Philippine Insurrection , was an armed conflict between a group of Filipino revolutionaries and the United States which arose from the struggle of the First Philippine Republic to gain independence following...
in 1906, which culminated in the Moro Crater Massacre
Moro Crater massacre
The Moro Crater massacre is a name given to the final phase of the First Battle of Bud Dajo, a military engagement of the Philippine-American War which took place March 10, 1906, on the isle of Jolo in the southern Philippines. Forces of the U.S...
, the killing of over a thousand villagers hiding on the crater of Bud Dajo. The five-day Second Battle of Bud Dajo
Second Battle of Bud Dajo
The Second Battle of Bud Dajo was a was a counter insurgency action fought by American soldiers against native Moros in December 1911, during the Moro Rebellion phase of the Philippine-American War....
in 1911 ended with less casualties through negotiations, persuading the majority to return home.
See also
- Active volcanoes in the PhilippinesActive volcanoes in the PhilippinesActive is commonly termed for volcanoes with historical eruptions. Moreover, the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology classify active volcanoes in the country as having erupted within historical times , with accounts of these eruptions documented by man; or having erupted within the...
- Potentially active volcanoes in the Philippines
- Inactive volcanoes in the Philippines
External links
- Bud Dajo on the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) site
- Jolo at Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
- What happened at Bud Dajo