Bruce (New Zealand electorate)
Encyclopedia
Bruce was a rural parliamentary electorate
in the Otago
region of New Zealand
, from 1861 to 1922. For part of the 1860s with the influx to Otago of gold-miners it was a multi-member constituency with two members.
and Thomas Gillies
were the only two candidates for the newly constituted two-member electorate of Bruce. They were thus declared elected unopposed on 11 February 1861.
Kettle died on 5 June 1862. Edward Cargill
succeeded him in the 1862 by-election.
Thomas Gillies
resigned and the subsequent by-election was contested by W. J. Dyer and Arthur John Burns
. On 8 April 1865, Burns and Dyer received 102 and 78 votes. Burns was thus declared elected.
Later in 1865, Edward Cargill
resigned. The resulting second by-election in 1865, held on 26 July, was contested by James Macandrew
and John Cargill. Macandrew and J. Cargill received 207 and 34 votes, and Macandrew was declared elected.
From the 1866 general election
, Bruce was a single-member electorate. John Cargill was its first representative, and he resigned in 1870. James Clark Brown
won the 1870 by-election on 21 March. Brown stood for Tuapeka
in the 1871 general election. William Archibald Murray
won the 1871 election for Bruce, was confirmed in 1876 and 1879, but defeated in 1881 by James Rutherford
, who died in 1883. James McDonald
won the 1883 by-election, but was defeated at the 1884 general election
.
Robert Gillies
won the 1884 general election
, but resigned on 30 June 1885. Donald Reid won the resulting 1885 by-election, but was defeated at the 1887 general election
by John Crawford Anderson
. He retired at the end of the term, and the 1890 general election
was won by James William Thomson
, who resigned again in 1892.
The later Defence Minister James Allen
won the 1892 by-election and held the seat until 1920, when he resigned. John Edie
was successful in the 1920 by-election, and when the electorate was abolished in 1922, he successfully stood for Clutha
.
.
New Zealand electorates
An electorate is a voting district for elections to the Parliament of New Zealand. In informal discussion, electorates are often called seats. The most formal description, electoral district, is rarely seen outside of electoral legislation. Before 1996, all Members of Parliament were directly...
in the Otago
Otago
Otago is a region of New Zealand in the south of the South Island. The region covers an area of approximately making it the country's second largest region. The population of Otago is...
region of New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...
, from 1861 to 1922. For part of the 1860s with the influx to Otago of gold-miners it was a multi-member constituency with two members.
History
Charles KettleCharles Kettle
Charles Henry Kettle surveyed the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, imposing a bold design on a challenging landscape. He was aiming to create a Romantic effect and incidentally produced the world's steepest street, Baldwin Street....
and Thomas Gillies
Thomas Gillies
Thomas Bannatyne Gillies was a 19th century New Zealand lawyer, judge and politician.-Early life:He was born at Rothesay on the Isle of Bute, Scotland, on 17 January 1828...
were the only two candidates for the newly constituted two-member electorate of Bruce. They were thus declared elected unopposed on 11 February 1861.
Kettle died on 5 June 1862. Edward Cargill
Edward Cargill
Edward Bowes Cargill was a 19th century businessman and Member of Parliament in Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. He was the Mayor of Dunedin from 1897 to 1898, when the 50th anniversary of the founding of the province of Otago was celebrated....
succeeded him in the 1862 by-election.
Thomas Gillies
Thomas Gillies
Thomas Bannatyne Gillies was a 19th century New Zealand lawyer, judge and politician.-Early life:He was born at Rothesay on the Isle of Bute, Scotland, on 17 January 1828...
resigned and the subsequent by-election was contested by W. J. Dyer and Arthur John Burns
Arthur John Burns
Arthur John Burns was a prominent early settler of Otago, New Zealand, a member of the Otago Provincial Council, a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives and founder of the Mosgiel Woollen Company, Dunedin....
. On 8 April 1865, Burns and Dyer received 102 and 78 votes. Burns was thus declared elected.
Later in 1865, Edward Cargill
Edward Cargill
Edward Bowes Cargill was a 19th century businessman and Member of Parliament in Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. He was the Mayor of Dunedin from 1897 to 1898, when the 50th anniversary of the founding of the province of Otago was celebrated....
resigned. The resulting second by-election in 1865, held on 26 July, was contested by James Macandrew
James Macandrew
James Macandrew was a New Zealand ship-owner and politician. He served as a Member of Parliament from 1853 to 1887 and as the last Superintendent of Otago Province.-Early life:...
and John Cargill. Macandrew and J. Cargill received 207 and 34 votes, and Macandrew was declared elected.
From the 1866 general election
New Zealand general election, 1866
The New Zealand general election of 1866 was held between 12 February and 6 April to elect 70 MPs to the fourth term of the New Zealand Parliament. 13,196 votes were cast....
, Bruce was a single-member electorate. John Cargill was its first representative, and he resigned in 1870. James Clark Brown
James Clark Brown
James Clark Brown was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate in 1870 , and then the Tuapeka electorate from 1871 to 1890, when he was defeated.-References:...
won the 1870 by-election on 21 March. Brown stood for Tuapeka
Tuapeka (New Zealand electorate)
Tuapeka is a former parliamentary electorate in the Otago region of New Zealand.-Members of Parliament:Key From 1855 to 1862 Vincent Pyke represented Castlemaine and Castlemaine Boroughs in the Victorian Legislative Assembly....
in the 1871 general election. William Archibald Murray
William Archibald Murray
William Archibald Murray was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1871 to 1881, when he was defeated.-References:...
won the 1871 election for Bruce, was confirmed in 1876 and 1879, but defeated in 1881 by James Rutherford
James Rutherford (politician)
James Rutherford was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1881 to 1883, when he died.-References:...
, who died in 1883. James McDonald
James McDonald (New Zealand politician)
James McDonald was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1883 to 1884, when he was defeated.-References:...
won the 1883 by-election, but was defeated at the 1884 general election
New Zealand general election, 1884
The New Zealand general election of 1884 was held on 22 July to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 9th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 21 July. A total number of 137,686 voters turned out to vote.-References:...
.
Robert Gillies
Robert Gillies (politician)
Robert Gillies was a 19th century Member of Parliament in the Otago Region, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1884 until his resignation in 1885 for failing health....
won the 1884 general election
New Zealand general election, 1884
The New Zealand general election of 1884 was held on 22 July to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 9th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 21 July. A total number of 137,686 voters turned out to vote.-References:...
, but resigned on 30 June 1885. Donald Reid won the resulting 1885 by-election, but was defeated at the 1887 general election
New Zealand general election, 1887
The New Zealand general election of 1887 was held on 26 September to elect 95 MPs to the tenth session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 7 September. 175,410 votes were cast....
by John Crawford Anderson
John Crawford Anderson
John Crawford Anderson was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1887 to 1890, when he retired.-References:...
. He retired at the end of the term, and the 1890 general election
New Zealand general election, 1890
The New Zealand general election of 1890 was one of New Zealand's most significant. It marked the beginning of party politics in New Zealand with the formation of the First Liberal government, which was to enact major welfare, labour and electoral reforms, including giving the vote to women.It was...
was won by James William Thomson
James William Thomson
James William Thomson was a 19th century Member of Parliament in New Zealand.-Early life:Thomson was born in Scotland. He obtained his education at the University of Edinburgh, where he obtained an MA. He came to New Zealand in 1859 and settled in Balclutha.-Provincial Council:He was elected onto...
, who resigned again in 1892.
The later Defence Minister James Allen
James Allen (New Zealand)
Sir James Allen, GCMG, KCB was a prominent New Zealand politician and diplomat. He held a number of the most important political offices in the country, including Minister of Finance and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was also New Zealand's Minister of Defence during World War I.-Early life:Allen...
won the 1892 by-election and held the seat until 1920, when he resigned. John Edie
John Edie (New Zealand)
John Edie was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He won the Bruce electorate in the 1920 Bruce by-election after the resignation of James Allen, having previously stood for Clutha in 1896 and Bruce in 1919....
was successful in the 1920 by-election, and when the electorate was abolished in 1922, he successfully stood for Clutha
Clutha (New Zealand electorate)
Clutha was a New Zealand Parliamentary electorate, from 1866 to 1996.-Population centres:This electorate is in the rural part of Southland.-History:The electorate was established in 1866...
.
Members of Parliament
Bruce was represented by 16 Members of ParliamentMember of Parliament
A Member of Parliament is a representative of the voters to a :parliament. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, the term applies specifically to members of the lower house, as upper houses often have a different title, such as senate, and thus also have different titles for its members,...
.
1861 to 1866
Bruce was a two-member electorate from 1861 to 1866.| Election | Winners | |||
| 1861 election | Charles Kettle Charles Kettle Charles Henry Kettle surveyed the city of Dunedin in New Zealand, imposing a bold design on a challenging landscape. He was aiming to create a Romantic effect and incidentally produced the world's steepest street, Baldwin Street.... |
Thomas Gillies Thomas Gillies Thomas Bannatyne Gillies was a 19th century New Zealand lawyer, judge and politician.-Early life:He was born at Rothesay on the Isle of Bute, Scotland, on 17 January 1828... |
||
| 1862 by-election | Edward Cargill Edward Cargill Edward Bowes Cargill was a 19th century businessman and Member of Parliament in Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand. He was the Mayor of Dunedin from 1897 to 1898, when the 50th anniversary of the founding of the province of Otago was celebrated.... |
|||
| 1865 by-election (1st) | Arthur John Burns Arthur John Burns Arthur John Burns was a prominent early settler of Otago, New Zealand, a member of the Otago Provincial Council, a member of the New Zealand House of Representatives and founder of the Mosgiel Woollen Company, Dunedin.... |
|||
| 1865 by-election (2nd) | James Macandrew James Macandrew James Macandrew was a New Zealand ship-owner and politician. He served as a Member of Parliament from 1853 to 1887 and as the last Superintendent of Otago Province.-Early life:... |
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1866 to 1922
From 1866 to 1922, Bruce was a single-member electorate.| Election | Winner | |
| 1866 election New Zealand general election, 1866 The New Zealand general election of 1866 was held between 12 February and 6 April to elect 70 MPs to the fourth term of the New Zealand Parliament. 13,196 votes were cast.... |
John Cargill | |
| 1870 by-election | James Clark Brown James Clark Brown James Clark Brown was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate in 1870 , and then the Tuapeka electorate from 1871 to 1890, when he was defeated.-References:... |
|
| 1871 election | William Archibald Murray William Archibald Murray William Archibald Murray was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1871 to 1881, when he was defeated.-References:... |
|
| 1876 election | ||
| 1879 election New Zealand general election, 1879 The New Zealand general election of 1879 was held between 28 August and 15 September to elect a total of 88 MPs to the 7th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 1 and 8 September. A total number of 82,271 voters turned out to vote.The election came about when George... |
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| 1881 election New Zealand general election, 1881 The New Zealand general election of 1881 was held 9 December to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 8th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 8 December... |
James Rutherford James Rutherford (politician) James Rutherford was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1881 to 1883, when he died.-References:... |
|
| 1883 by-election | James McDonald James McDonald (New Zealand politician) James McDonald was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1883 to 1884, when he was defeated.-References:... |
|
| 1884 election New Zealand general election, 1884 The New Zealand general election of 1884 was held on 22 July to elect a total of 95 MPs to the 9th session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 21 July. A total number of 137,686 voters turned out to vote.-References:... |
Robert Gillies Robert Gillies (politician) Robert Gillies was a 19th century Member of Parliament in the Otago Region, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1884 until his resignation in 1885 for failing health.... |
|
| 1885 by-election | Donald Reid | |
| 1887 election New Zealand general election, 1887 The New Zealand general election of 1887 was held on 26 September to elect 95 MPs to the tenth session of the New Zealand Parliament. The Māori vote was held on 7 September. 175,410 votes were cast.... |
John Crawford Anderson John Crawford Anderson John Crawford Anderson was a 19th century Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He represented the Bruce electorate from 1887 to 1890, when he retired.-References:... (Independent) |
|
| 1890 election New Zealand general election, 1890 The New Zealand general election of 1890 was one of New Zealand's most significant. It marked the beginning of party politics in New Zealand with the formation of the First Liberal government, which was to enact major welfare, labour and electoral reforms, including giving the vote to women.It was... |
James William Thomson James William Thomson James William Thomson was a 19th century Member of Parliament in New Zealand.-Early life:Thomson was born in Scotland. He obtained his education at the University of Edinburgh, where he obtained an MA. He came to New Zealand in 1859 and settled in Balclutha.-Provincial Council:He was elected onto... (Independent conservative) |
|
| 1892 by-election | James Allen James Allen (New Zealand) Sir James Allen, GCMG, KCB was a prominent New Zealand politician and diplomat. He held a number of the most important political offices in the country, including Minister of Finance and Minister of Foreign Affairs. He was also New Zealand's Minister of Defence during World War I.-Early life:Allen... (Independent, then Reform New Zealand Reform Party The Reform Party, formally the New Zealand Political Reform League, was New Zealand's second major political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party... ) |
|
| 1893 election New Zealand general election, 1893 The New Zealand general election of 1893 was held on Tuesday, 28 November in the general electorates, and on Wednesday, 20 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 12th session of the New Zealand Parliament... |
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| 1896 election New Zealand general election, 1896 The New Zealand general election of 1896 was held on Wednesday, 4 December in the general electorates, and on Thursday, 19 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 13th session of the New Zealand Parliament... |
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| 1899 election New Zealand general election, 1899 The New Zealand general election of 1899 was held on Wednesday, 6 December in the general electorates, and on Tuesday, 19 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 74 MPs to the 14th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 373,744 voters turned out to... |
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| 1902 election New Zealand general election, 1902 The New Zealand general election of 1902 was held on Tuesday, 25 November in the general electorates, and on Monday, 22 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 15th session of the New Zealand Parliament... |
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| 1905 election New Zealand general election, 1905 The New Zealand general election of 1905 was held on Wednesday, 6 December in the general electorates, and on Wednesday, 20 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 16th session of the New Zealand Parliament... |
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| 1908 election New Zealand general election, 1908 The New Zealand general election of 1908 was held on Tuesday, 17 November, 24 November and 1 December in the general electorates, and on Wednesday, 2 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 17th session of the New Zealand Parliament... |
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| 1911 election New Zealand general election, 1911 The New Zealand general election of 1911 was held on Thursday, 7 and 14 December in the general electorates, and on Tuesday, 19 December in the Māori electorates to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 18th session of the New Zealand Parliament... |
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| 1914 election New Zealand general election, 1914 The New Zealand general election of 1914 was held on 10 December to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 19th session of the New Zealand Parliament. A total number of 616,043 voters were registered, of which 84.7% voters turned out to vote.... |
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| 1919 election | ||
| 1920 by-election | John Edie John Edie (New Zealand) John Edie was a Liberal Party Member of Parliament in Otago, New Zealand.He won the Bruce electorate in the 1920 Bruce by-election after the resignation of James Allen, having previously stood for Clutha in 1896 and Bruce in 1919.... (Liberal New Zealand Liberal Party The New Zealand Liberal Party is generally regarded as having been the first real political party in New Zealand. It governed from 1891 until 1912. Out of office, the Liberals gradually found themselves pressed between the conservative Reform Party and the growing Labour Party... ) |