The Brazilian Baptist Convention or Convenção Batista Brasileira is the oldest Baptist

Baptist

Baptists comprise a group of Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers , and that it must be done by immersion...

 group in Brazil

Brazil

Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

. The first Baptist missionary in Brazil appears to have been Thomas Jefferson Bowen, who served there for the Southern Baptist Convention

Southern Baptist Convention

The Southern Baptist Convention is a United States-based Christian denomination. It is the world's largest Baptist denomination and the largest Protestant body in the United States, with over 16 million members...

 from 1859 to 1861. A group of Southerners from the United States of America founded a colony in São Paulo

São Paulo (state)

São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...

, and formed a Baptist church in 1871. The first Brazilian church was organized in 1882, and twenty-five years later the Brazilian Baptist Convention was formed in 1907 in Salvador.

In 2005, the Brazilian Baptist Convention had 1.100.000 members in 6000 congregations.