Botanischer Garten der Universität Karlsruhe
Encyclopedia
The Botanischer Garten der Universität Karlsruhe is a botanical garden
maintained by the University of Karlsruhe. It is located at Am Fasanengarten 2, Karlsruhe
, Baden-Württemberg
, Germany
, and is open weekdays and Sundays; admission is free.
The garden contains a total of 5,700 plant species
, including 1,930 endangered species
per the IUCN Red List
or CITES conventions. It has three major missions:
Botanical garden
A botanical garden The terms botanic and botanical, and garden or gardens are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word botanic is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens. is a well-tended area displaying a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names...
maintained by the University of Karlsruhe. It is located at Am Fasanengarten 2, Karlsruhe
Karlsruhe
The City of Karlsruhe is a city in the southwest of Germany, in the state of Baden-Württemberg, located near the French-German border.Karlsruhe was founded in 1715 as Karlsruhe Palace, when Germany was a series of principalities and city states...
, Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, and is open weekdays and Sundays; admission is free.
The garden contains a total of 5,700 plant species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...
, including 1,930 endangered species
Endangered species
An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters...
per the IUCN Red List
IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species , founded in 1963, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species. The International Union for Conservation of Nature is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species...
or CITES conventions. It has three major missions:
- Research, particularly in understanding the molecularMolecular biologyMolecular biology is the branch of biology that deals with the molecular basis of biological activity. This field overlaps with other areas of biology and chemistry, particularly genetics and biochemistry...
basis of development, growth, and metabolismMetabolismMetabolism is the set of chemical reactions that happen in the cells of living organisms to sustain life. These processes allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. Metabolism is usually divided into two categories...
, with specific projects in Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thaliana is a small flowering plant native to Europe, Asia, and northwestern Africa. A spring annual with a relatively short life cycle, arabidopsis is popular as a model organism in plant biology and genetics...
, Gnetum gnemonGnetum gnemonGnetum gnemon is a species of Gnetum native to southeast Asia and the western Pacific Ocean islands, from Assam south and east through Indonesia and Malaysia to the Philippines and Fiji...
, Nicotiana tabacumNicotiana tabacumNicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is a perennial herbaceous plant. It is found only in cultivation, where it is the most commonly grown of all plants in the Nicotiana genus, and its leaves are commercially grown in many countries to be processed into tobacco. It grows to heights between 1...
, Oryza sativaOryza sativaOryza sativa, commonly known as Asian rice, is the plant species most commonly referred to in English as rice. Oryza sativa is the cereal with the smallest genome, consisting of just 430Mb across 12 chromosomes...
, and Vitis viniferaVitis viniferaVitis vinifera is a species of Vitis, native to the Mediterranean region, central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran....
. The garden currently cultivates over 50 species of wild grape vines for use in research against downy mildewDowny mildewDowny mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to Peronosporaceae. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines...
, as well as a collection of wild riceRiceRice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...
species from all over the world.
- Teaching, for which the garden provides plant material for the courses and is used for field trips and the comparison of plant types.
- Conservation of rare species and varieties of plants, including Althaea hirsuta, Androsace septentivionalis, Apium graveolens, Campanula cervicariaCampanula cervicariaBristly Bellflower is a species of bellflower in the family Campanulaceae. The flowers are about 1–2 cm long, light blue and are grouped together....
, Cnidium dubium, Equisetum x trachyodon, Gentiana cruziata, Leonurus cardica, Ludwigia palustrisLudwigia palustrisLudwigia palustris is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common names marsh seedbox and water purslane. Its native distribution is unclear, but includes parts of the Americas; it can be found on most continents and spreads easily to become naturalized. It is...
, Marsilea quadrifoliaMarsilea quadrifolia-Common names:'Four Leaf Clover'; European waterclover ; Sushni in parts of India; "aaraik keerai" in Tamil and is in use for more than 3000 years as part of food.-Origins:M...
, Polystichum braunii, Populus nigra, Salix repens, Scirpus carinatus, Scirpus triqueter, Stipa ioannis, Taraxacum acoriferum, Taraxacum balticiforme, Taraxacum germanicum, Taraxacum pollichii, Trapa natans, Vaccinium x intermedia, Viola uliginosa, and Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sylvestris. It also maintains good collections of succulents and orchids.
See also
- Botanischer Garten KarlsruheBotanischer Garten KarlsruheThe Botanischer Garten Karlsruhe is a municipal botanical garden located in Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is open daily except Monday; an admission fee is charged...
, the municipal botanical gardenBotanical gardenA botanical garden The terms botanic and botanical, and garden or gardens are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word botanic is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens. is a well-tended area displaying a wide range of plants labelled with their botanical names... - List of botanical gardens in Germany