Bone Regency
Encyclopedia
Bone Regency is a regency of South Sulawesi
, Indonesia
. Originally the seat of the Bone state
, it joined Indonesia in 1950. Its main products are seaweed, rice, and fish. The principal town is Watampone
.
Bone is surrounded by Wajo
to the north, Sinjai
to the south, Soppeng
, Maros
, Pangkep, and Barru
to the west, and the Gulf of Boni
to the east, where it has a sea border with Sulawesi Tenggara.
The climate of Bone is tropical
, with the wet season from April to September and the dry season from October to March. The temperature ranges from 26 to 34 °C (78.8 to 93.2 °F), with air humidity averaging 95% - 99%. The average annual rainfall varies from less than 1750 millimetres (68.9 in) to 3000 millimetres (118.1 in).
males and 375,933 females. This gives a sex ratio
of 90.80 for the regency, or 91 males for every 100 females. It displayed a population growth rate of 0.67% per annum for the 2000-2010 period. , it has 27 districts (kecamatan) and 335 administrative villages (desa and kelurahan).
The majority of residents of Bone are Muslim, with numerous mosques and places for studying Islam
. There are also some churches in Watampone.
, anchor, unsheathed kris
, rice, cotton plant, and Kabupaten Bone in red text on a white banner. The harrow and rice stand for the agricultural history of the area. The anchor signifies Bone's nautical prowess, while its symmetry and location in the middle of the shield represents rationality. The kris and red text signify bravery, while the cotton plant represents the Bone people's struggle for independence. The white banner stands for purity and holiness.
, an adat
-based Bugis kingdom which was founded by ManurungngE Rimatajang in 1330. It later entered an alliance with the Wajo
and Soppeng kingdoms for mutual defence. This alliance became known as LaMumpatue Ri Timurung.
In 1605, during the reign of the tenth king of Bone Latenri Tuppu Matinro Ri Sidenreng, Islam entered Bone
and caused a change in local culture, including a renaming of various aspects of the regal system. Bone State later enjoyed a period of prosperity in the middle of the 17th century.
In May 1950, the people held demonstrations in Watampone against the royalty and Bone's membership in the State of East Indonesia
. This caused the sultan to step down and join Indonesia.
are the main source of income. Seaweed
production averages 3,821.5 tonnes per annum, while catches of shrimp, crabs, and milkfish average 4,318 tonnes, 2,061 tonnes, and 4.964 tonnes per annum each. Catches of other fish, mainly tuna, average 73,763.5 tonnes per annum.
South Sulawesi
South Sulawesi is a province of Indonesia, located on the western southern peninsula of Sulawesi Island. The province is bordered by Central Sulawesi province to the north, South East Sulawesi province to the east and West Sulawesi province to the west...
, Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
. Originally the seat of the Bone state
Bone state
Bone was a sultanate in the south-west peninsula of Sulawesi , now part of modern-day Indonesia...
, it joined Indonesia in 1950. Its main products are seaweed, rice, and fish. The principal town is Watampone
Watampone
Watampone is a city in South Sulawesi and the capital of Bone Regency. Known colloquially as Bone, it has a population of over 80,000. It is also the birthplace of the 10 th Vice President of the Republic of Indonesia Jusuf Kalla...
.
Geography
Bone is located on the east coast of South Sulawesi. It has 174 kilometres (108.1 mi) of coastline and covers an area of 4559 square kilometre. It has a total of 88499 hectares (885 km²) of rice fields.Bone is surrounded by Wajo
Wajo Regency
Wajo Regency is a regency in South Sulawesi province of Indonesia. Established in 1959,Wajo Regency has its seat of government in Sengkang.-Subdistricts:# Belawa# Bola# Gilireng# Keera# Majauleng# Maniang Pajo# Pammana# Penrang...
to the north, Sinjai
Sinjai Regency
Sinjai Regency is a regency of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The principal town lies at Sinjai....
to the south, Soppeng
Soppeng Regency
Soppeng Regency is a regency in South Sulawesi province of Indonesia. Soppeng Regency has its seat of government in Watansoppeng. The capital of Soppeng Regency is located 180 km from Makassar- External links :...
, Maros
Maros Regency
Maros Regency is a regency of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The principal town lies at Maros....
, Pangkep, and Barru
Barru Regency
Barru Regency is a regency of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The principal town lies at Barru....
to the west, and the Gulf of Boni
Gulf of Boni
The Gulf of Boni is a large inlet in the south of the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia. To the west lies Sulawesi's South Peninsula, and to the east is the island's South-east Peninsula...
to the east, where it has a sea border with Sulawesi Tenggara.
The climate of Bone is tropical
Tropical climate
A tropical climate is a climate of the tropics. In the Köppen climate classification it is a non-arid climate in which all twelve months have mean temperatures above...
, with the wet season from April to September and the dry season from October to March. The temperature ranges from 26 to 34 °C (78.8 to 93.2 °F), with air humidity averaging 95% - 99%. The average annual rainfall varies from less than 1750 millimetres (68.9 in) to 3000 millimetres (118.1 in).
Demographics
According to a 2010 census, Bone has 717,268 residents, consisting 341,335males and 375,933 females. This gives a sex ratio
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population. The primary sex ratio is the ratio at the time of conception, secondary sex ratio is the ratio at time of birth, and tertiary sex ratio is the ratio of mature organisms....
of 90.80 for the regency, or 91 males for every 100 females. It displayed a population growth rate of 0.67% per annum for the 2000-2010 period. , it has 27 districts (kecamatan) and 335 administrative villages (desa and kelurahan).
The majority of residents of Bone are Muslim, with numerous mosques and places for studying Islam
Islamic studies
In a Muslim context, Islamic studies can be an umbrella term for all virtually all of academia, both originally researched and as defined by the Islamization of knowledge...
. There are also some churches in Watampone.
Coat of arms
The coat of arms of Bone consists of a blue shield with a harrowHarrow (tool)
In agriculture, a harrow is an implement for breaking up and smoothing out the surface of the soil. In this way it is distinct in its effect from the plough, which is used for deeper tillage. Harrowing is often carried out on fields to follow the rough finish left by ploughing operations...
, anchor, unsheathed kris
Kris
The kris or keris is an asymmetrical dagger or sword nowadays most strongly associated with the culture of Indonesia, but also indigenous to Malaysia, Southern Thailand and Brunei. It is known as kalis in the southern Philippines. The kris is famous for its distinctive wavy blade , but many have...
, rice, cotton plant, and Kabupaten Bone in red text on a white banner. The harrow and rice stand for the agricultural history of the area. The anchor signifies Bone's nautical prowess, while its symmetry and location in the middle of the shield represents rationality. The kris and red text signify bravery, while the cotton plant represents the Bone people's struggle for independence. The white banner stands for purity and holiness.
History
Bone Regency was home to Bone stateBone state
Bone was a sultanate in the south-west peninsula of Sulawesi , now part of modern-day Indonesia...
, an adat
Adat
Adat in Indonesian-Malay culture is the set of cultural norms, values, customs and practices found among specific ethnic groups in Indonesia, the southern Philippines and Malaysia...
-based Bugis kingdom which was founded by ManurungngE Rimatajang in 1330. It later entered an alliance with the Wajo
Wajo Kingdom
Wajo Kingdom was an old monarchy in Indonesia founded ca.1450 in the Bugis south of Sulawesi island. It is now the Wajo Regency, a regency of South Sulawesi province of Indonesia....
and Soppeng kingdoms for mutual defence. This alliance became known as LaMumpatue Ri Timurung.
In 1605, during the reign of the tenth king of Bone Latenri Tuppu Matinro Ri Sidenreng, Islam entered Bone
Islam in Indonesia
Islam is the dominant religion in Indonesia, which also has a larger Muslim population than any other country in the world, with approximately 202.9 million identified as Muslim as of 2009....
and caused a change in local culture, including a renaming of various aspects of the regal system. Bone State later enjoyed a period of prosperity in the middle of the 17th century.
In May 1950, the people held demonstrations in Watampone against the royalty and Bone's membership in the State of East Indonesia
State of East Indonesia
The State of East Indonesia was a post-World War II establishment of a government over the former Dutch territory of the eastern Netherlands East Indies...
. This caused the sultan to step down and join Indonesia.
Economy
The majority of Bone residents are farmers, commercial gardeners, and fishermen. In the area near the Gulf of Boni, seaweed, crabs, shrimp, and milkfishMilkfish
The milkfish is the sole living species in the family Chanidae. - Description and biology :...
are the main source of income. Seaweed
production averages 3,821.5 tonnes per annum, while catches of shrimp, crabs, and milkfish average 4,318 tonnes, 2,061 tonnes, and 4.964 tonnes per annum each. Catches of other fish, mainly tuna, average 73,763.5 tonnes per annum.