Boletellus
Encyclopedia
Boletellus is a genus
of fungi in the family Boletaceae
. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in subtropical regions, and contains about 50 species. The genus was first described by American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill in 1909. The genus name means "small Boletus".
that is centrally placed. The cap surface is floccose-verrucose (covered with tufts of hairs or warts) and yellowish. The fruit body flesh
is light colored and fleshy. The tubes on the underside of the cap are angular, depressed, yellowish, and covered with a partial veil
. The spores of Boletellus are oblong to ellipsoid, smooth, and rust-colored. The stem is solid (i.e., not hollow), white, and not reticulate. Additional characteristics of the genus have been delineated or amended since its original description over 100 years ago: spores have longitudinal ridges or "wings", are imamyloid
, and rarely dextrinoid (staining deep reddish to reddish brown in Melzer's reagent
). Species usually have hymenial cystidia present, and clamp connection
s are typically absent (with the exception of B. fibuliger
).
Murrill placed Boletellus ananas
(formerly Boletus ananas) as the sole and type species
. Singer's fourth edition (1986) of his Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy included 33 species, which were classified into sections depending on moisture content, scaliness of the cap or amount of ornamentation on the stem. Although some species of Boletellus are rated as edible
, none are considered choice.
, Strobilomyces
, Heimioporus
are exception to this. Hemioporus species have pitted or reticulate spores, Strobilomyces have spiny and reticulate spores, and Austroboletus have pitted spores, in comparison to the ridged spores of Boletellus.
Here is a list of species currently accepted in the genus Boletellus:
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of fungi in the family Boletaceae
Boletaceae
Boletaceae are a family of mushrooms, primarily characterized by developing their spores in small pores on the underside of the mushroom, instead of gills, as are found in agarics. Nearly as widely distributed as agarics, they include the Cep or King Bolete , much sought after by mushroom hunters...
. The genus has a widespread distribution, especially in subtropical regions, and contains about 50 species. The genus was first described by American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill in 1909. The genus name means "small Boletus".
Description
According to Murrill's definition of the genus, species of Boletellus have an annual fruit body that grows on wood and a stemStipe (mycology)
thumb|150px|right|Diagram of a [[basidiomycete]] stipe with an [[annulus |annulus]] and [[volva |volva]]In mycology a stipe refers to the stem or stalk-like feature supporting the cap of a mushroom. Like all tissues of the mushroom other than the hymenium, the stipe is composed of sterile hyphal...
that is centrally placed. The cap surface is floccose-verrucose (covered with tufts of hairs or warts) and yellowish. The fruit body flesh
Trama (mycology)
In mycology trama is a term for the inner, fleshy portion of a mushroom's basidiocarp, or fruit body. It is distinct from the outer layer of tissue, known as the pileipellis or cuticle, and from the spore-bearing tissue layer known as the hymenium....
is light colored and fleshy. The tubes on the underside of the cap are angular, depressed, yellowish, and covered with a partial veil
Partial veil
thumb|150px|right|Developmental stages of [[Agaricus campestris]] showing the role and evolution of a partial veilPartial veil is a mycological term used to describe a temporary structure of tissue found on the fruiting bodies of some basidiomycete fungi, typically agarics...
. The spores of Boletellus are oblong to ellipsoid, smooth, and rust-colored. The stem is solid (i.e., not hollow), white, and not reticulate. Additional characteristics of the genus have been delineated or amended since its original description over 100 years ago: spores have longitudinal ridges or "wings", are imamyloid
Amyloid (mycology)
In mycology the term amyloid refers to a crude chemical test using iodine in either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, to produce a black to blue-black positive reaction. It is called amyloid because starch gives a similar reaction, and that reaction for starch is also called an amyloid reaction...
, and rarely dextrinoid (staining deep reddish to reddish brown in Melzer's reagent
Melzer's Reagent
Melzer's reagent is a chemical reagent used by mycologists to assist with the identification of fungi.-Composition:...
). Species usually have hymenial cystidia present, and clamp connection
Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is created to ensure each septum, or segment of hypha separated by crossed walls, receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types...
s are typically absent (with the exception of B. fibuliger
Boletellus fibuliger
Boletellus fibuliger is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in Venezuela, it was described as new to science in 1983 by mycologist Rolf Singer....
).
Murrill placed Boletellus ananas
Boletellus ananas
Boletellus ananas, commonly known as the pineapple bolete, is a mushroom in the Boletaceae family, and the type species of the genus Boletellus. It is distributed in southeastern North America, northeastern South America, Asia, and New Zealand, where it grows scattered or in groups on the ground,...
(formerly Boletus ananas) as the sole and type species
Type species
In biological nomenclature, a type species is both a concept and a practical system which is used in the classification and nomenclature of animals and plants. The value of a "type species" lies in the fact that it makes clear what is meant by a particular genus name. A type species is the species...
. Singer's fourth edition (1986) of his Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy included 33 species, which were classified into sections depending on moisture content, scaliness of the cap or amount of ornamentation on the stem. Although some species of Boletellus are rated as edible
Edible mushroom
Edible mushrooms are the fleshy and edible fruiting bodies of several species of fungi. Mushrooms belong to the macrofungi, because their fruiting structures are large enough to be seen with the naked eye. They can appear either below ground or above ground where they may be picked by hand...
, none are considered choice.
Similar genera
In general, Boletes usually have smooth spores, but Boletellus, AustroboletusAustroboletus
Austroboletus is a genus of fungi in the family Boletaceae. Formerly a subgenus of Boletus, Austroboletus was raised to genus level in 1979. Although they resemble the boletes macroscopically, Austroboletus is differentiated microscopically with spores that are pitted, rather than...
, Strobilomyces
Strobilomyces
Strobilomyces is a genus of boletes . The only well-known European species is the type species S. strobilaceus Strobilomyces is a genus of boletes (mushrooms having a spongy mass of pores under the cap). The only well-known European species is the type species S. strobilaceus Strobilomyces is a...
, Heimioporus
Heimioporus
Heimioporus is a genus of fungi in the Boletaceae family. The genus is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, and contains about 15 species.-Species:*Heimioporus alveolatus*Heimioporus anguiformis*Heimioporus betula...
are exception to this. Hemioporus species have pitted or reticulate spores, Strobilomyces have spiny and reticulate spores, and Austroboletus have pitted spores, in comparison to the ridged spores of Boletellus.
Species
- B. ananiceps (Berk.) Singer
- B. ananasBoletellus ananasBoletellus ananas, commonly known as the pineapple bolete, is a mushroom in the Boletaceae family, and the type species of the genus Boletellus. It is distributed in southeastern North America, northeastern South America, Asia, and New Zealand, where it grows scattered or in groups on the ground,...
(M.A. Curtis) Murr. - B. badiovinosusBoletellus badiovinosusBoletellus badiovinosus is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in Papua New Guinea, it was described as new to science by Egon Horak in 1977....
Horak - B. cardinalicus Heim & Perreau
- B. cerasinus Heim & Perreau
- B. chrysenteroidesBoletellus chrysenteroidesBoletellus chrysenteroides is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. It was first described as Boletus chrysenteroides by mycologist Wally Snell in 1936. Snell later transferred the species to Boletellus....
(Snell) Singer - B. cubensis (Berk. & Curt.) Sing.
- B. cyanescensBoletellus cyanescensBoletellus cyanescens is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in Papua New Guinea, it was described as new to science by the Austrian mycologist Egon Horak in 1977....
Horak - B. dissiliensBoletellus dissiliensBoletellus dissiliens is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in Singapore, it was originally described as Boletus dissiliens by E.J.H. Corner in 1972, and transferred to Boletellus in 1981....
(Corner) Pegler & Young - B. dicymbophilusBoletellus dicymbophilusBoletellus dicymbophilus is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in Guyana, it was described as new to science in 2008....
Fulgenzi & T.W. Henkel - B. elatus Nagasawa
- B. emodensisBoletellus emodensisBoletellus emodensis, commonly known as the shaggy cap, is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. It was described by English mycologist Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1851 as Boletus emodensis, and transferred to Boletellus by Rolf Singer in 1942. Characterised by a distinctive reddish shaggy...
(Berk.) Sing. - B. episcopalis Heim & Perreau
- B. exiguusBoletellus exiguusBoletellus exiguus is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in the tropical forests of western Guyana, it was reported as new to science in 2008....
T.W. Henkel & Fulgenzi - B. fallax (Singer) Singer
- B. fibuligerBoletellus fibuligerBoletellus fibuliger is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Found in Venezuela, it was described as new to science in 1983 by mycologist Rolf Singer....
Singer - B. flocculosipes (Murr.) Perreau
- B. immutabilis (Bouriquet) Perreau
- B. intermedius Smith & Thiers
- B. jalapensisBoletellus jalapensisBoletellus jalapensis is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Originally described under the name Ceriomyces jalapensis by William Alphonso Murrill in 1910, it was transferred to the genus Boletellus in 1931. It is known from Mexico and Costa Rica....
(Murr.) Gilb. - B. lepidosporus Gilb. ex Heinem.
- B. linderi Singer
- B. longicollisBoletellus longicollisBoletellus longicollis is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. First described under the name Boletus longicollis in 1879, it was transferred to the genus Boletellus in 1981....
(Ces.) Pegler & Young - B. longipes Heinem.
- B. obscurecoccineusBoletellus obscurecoccineusBoletellus obscureococcineus, known as the rhubarb bolete, is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae, found in Australia, New Guinea, Java, Borneo, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan...
(v. Höhn.) Singer - B. piakaiiBoletellus piakaiiBoletellus piakaii is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. It was found in Guyana and described in 2008....
T.W. Henkel & Fulgenzi - B. pictiformis (Murr.) Singer
- B. pleurigibbus Heim & Perreau
- B. projectellus (Murrill) Singer
- B. pseudochrysenteroides Smith & Thiers
- B. pustulatus (Beeli) Gilb.
- B. radiatus C. S. Bi
- B. rubrolutescens Heinem. & Rammeloo
- B. rubroviolaceus Heinem. & Goossens
- B. rufescens (Cooke & Massee) Singer
- B. russelliiBoletellus russelliiBoletellus russellii is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. Originally named Boletus russellii by Charles Christopher Frost in 1878, it was transferred to Boletellus in 1931. It is known from North America and Asia ....
(Frost) Gilbert - B. singeri Gonz.-Velázq. & R. Valenz.
- B. squamatus (Berk.) Singer
- B. squamosus M. Zang
- B. umbrinellus (Pat. & Baker) Singer et al.
- B. velutinus Heinem. & Rammeloo
- B. verrucarius (Berk.) Singer
- B. violaceiporus G. Stevenson
- B. violaceus M. Zang & H. C. Tan
- B. viscidipes (Hongo) Har. Takah.
- B. viscosus C. S. Bi & T. C. Loh
- B. xerampelinus M. Zang & W. K. Zheng
- B. yunnanensis M. Zang
- B. zelleriBoletellus zelleriBoletellus zelleri is a species of fungus in the family Boletaceae. The species was transferred to the genus Boletellus in 1959. It has been found in North America and Costa Rica....
(Murr.) Singer