Blue Cross is a World War I

World War I

World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...

 chemical warfare

Chemical warfare

Chemical warfare involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons. This type of warfare is distinct from Nuclear warfare and Biological warfare, which together make up NBC, the military acronym for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical...

 agent consisting of diphenylchloroarsine (DA, Clark I), diphenylcyanoarsine

Diphenylcyanoarsine

Diphenylcyanoarsine, also called CLARK 2 by the Germans, was discovered in 1918 by Sturniolo and Bellinzoni and shortly thereafter used like the related Clark 1 gas by the Germans for chemical warfare in the First World War. The substance forms colourless, garlic-smelling crystals and causes...

 (CDA, Clark II), ethyldichloroarsine

Ethyldichloroarsine

Ethyldichloroarsine, sometimes abbreviated "ED", is an organoarsenic compound with the formula CH3CH2AsCl2. This colourless volatile liquid is a highly toxic vesicant or blister agent that was used in chemical warfare. The molecule is pyramidal with the Cl-As-Cl and C-As-Cl angles approaching 90°...

 (Dick), and/or methyldichloroarsine

Methyldichloroarsine

Methyldichloroarsine, sometimes abbreviated "MD", is an organoarsenic compound with the formula CH3AsCl2. This colourless volatile liquid is a highly toxic vesicant that has been used in chemical warfare.-History:...

 (Methyldick). Clark I and Clark II were the main agents used.

Clark I was used with Green Cross

Green Cross (chemical warfare)

Green Cross is a World War I chemical warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin , phosgene and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate ....

 munition earlier; however for the first time it was used as a standalone agent in the night from July 10 to July 11 1917 at Nieuwpoort, Belgium

Nieuwpoort, Belgium

Nieuwpoort is a municipality located in Flanders, one of the three regions of Belgium, and in the Flemish province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the city of Nieuwpoort proper and the towns of Ramskapelle and Sint-Joris. On January 1, 2008 Nieuwpoort had a total population of 11,062....

, during the operation Strandfest. The artillery munition used as a delivery vehicle contained a large amount of glass spheres closed with a cork and sealed with trinitrotoluene. Later N-ethylcarbazole was added. Depending on the caliber, the munition contained between 7 and 120 kilograms of the agent.

Blue Cross is also a generic World War I German marking for artillery shells with chemical payload affecting the upper respiratory tract. http://www.cbwinfo.com/History/WWI.html

See also

• Green Cross (chemical warfare)
  Green Cross (chemical warfare)
  Green Cross is a World War I chemical warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin , phosgene and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate ....
  
  
• Yellow Cross (chemical warfare)
  Yellow Cross (chemical warfare)
  Yellow Cross is a World War I chemical warfare agent usually based on sulfur mustard .The original Gelbkreuz was a composition of 80-90% of sulfur mustard and 10-20% of tetrachloromethane or chlorobenzene as a solvent which lowered its viscosity and acted as an antifreeze, or, alternatively, 80%...
  
  
• White Cross (chemical warfare)
  White Cross (chemical warfare)
  White Cross is a World War I chemical warfare agent consisting of one or more lachrymatory agents: bromoacetone , bromobenzyl cyanide , bromomethyl ethyl ketone , chloroacetone , ethyl bromoacetate, and/or xylyl bromide.During World war I, White Cross was also a generic code name used by the...