BMPT
Encyclopedia
The BMPT "Ramka" is a new Russia
n armored vehicle designed to support tank and infantry operations, primarily in urban areas.
This vehicle is sometimes nicknamed the "Terminator". It was delivered to the Russian army
beginning in 2005.
The history of the Russian BMPT can be traced back to the First Chechen War
. Using conventional armor during urban engagements, Russian forces suffered heavy losses in manpower and equipment. While these losses cannot be entirely blamed on technology, it became clear that a dedicated anti-personnel fighting vehicle would provide valuable assistance in an urban environment. Self-propelled anti-aircraft (AA) guns were pressed as a temporary solution in Chechnya
. However, these vehicles are not well-armored nor possess the same obstacle-clearing capability as a main battle tank (MBT). Therefore it was envisioned that the new combat vehicle should be built on a tank chassis
and offer the same or better protection as an MBT. The protection of the BMPT is superior to most MBTs, as active and passive protection is used, and additional armor (the vehicle lacks a manned turret), is distributed to the hull of the vehicle.
There have been several different designs, for instance the Ob'yekt 193A and the Ob'yekt 745. A mock-up of the Ob'yekt 199 was shown for the first time in public at the BTVT-1997 exhibition. This vehicle was slightly different from the current design, being armed with only a single 30mm gun and with Kornet missiles. The series model of the BMPT was developed in 2002.
MBT which is used in large numbers by the Russian Army and has been manufactured under license by many other countries. The rear of the driver's compartment, at the front of the vehicle, has been raised, providing greater internal volume. A new mount is equipped with two 30 mm 2A42 dual-feed cannons
with a cyclic rate of fire of up to 600 rds/min. A total of 850 rounds of ready use ammunition can be carried. The cannon can fire a wide range of ammunition types including: High Explosive - Tracer
(HE-T), Armour-piercing discarding sabot
(APDS), High Explosive Fragmentation
(HE-FRAG) and Armor-Piercing
- Tracer
(AP-T). A 7.62 mm machine gun is mounted coaxially with the main armament. A total of four launchers for the Ataka-T
anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) which can fire various types of warhead, are mounted on either side of the main armament. These include a tandem HEAT
warhead to defeat targets fitted with explosive reactive armour
. To enable targets to be engaged under day and night conditions when the BMPT is stationary or moving, a computerized fire-control system is fitted. It uses proven elements from those fitted to the T-90S
series MBT. The commander is equipped with a panoramic sight B07-K1, the gunner has a B07-K2 sight with optical and thermal channels and a LRF. The two operators for the AG-17D each have an “Agat-MR” day/night sight. As an option, the BMPT can be fitted with mine-clearing devices such as the KMT-7 or KMT-8. T-72 tanks can be converted into BMPT.
The vehicle is protected by passive and reactive armour
.
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n armored vehicle designed to support tank and infantry operations, primarily in urban areas.
This vehicle is sometimes nicknamed the "Terminator". It was delivered to the Russian army
Russian Ground Forces
The Russian Ground Forces are the land forces of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, formed from parts of the collapsing Soviet Army in 1992. The formation of these forces posed economic challenges after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and required reforms to professionalize the force...
beginning in 2005.
Design history
The idea to develop a vehicle to support battle tanks is not new: already in the 1970's the Germans came up with the Begleitpanzer (escort tank). This vehicle however was never build in series.The history of the Russian BMPT can be traced back to the First Chechen War
First Chechen War
The First Chechen War, also known as the War in Chechnya, was a conflict between the Russian Federation and the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, fought from December 1994 to August 1996...
. Using conventional armor during urban engagements, Russian forces suffered heavy losses in manpower and equipment. While these losses cannot be entirely blamed on technology, it became clear that a dedicated anti-personnel fighting vehicle would provide valuable assistance in an urban environment. Self-propelled anti-aircraft (AA) guns were pressed as a temporary solution in Chechnya
Chechnya
The Chechen Republic , commonly referred to as Chechnya , also spelled Chechnia or Chechenia, sometimes referred to as Ichkeria , is a federal subject of Russia . It is located in the southeastern part of Europe in the Northern Caucasus mountains. The capital of the republic is the city of Grozny...
. However, these vehicles are not well-armored nor possess the same obstacle-clearing capability as a main battle tank (MBT). Therefore it was envisioned that the new combat vehicle should be built on a tank chassis
Chassis
A chassis consists of an internal framework that supports a man-made object. It is analogous to an animal's skeleton. An example of a chassis is the underpart of a motor vehicle, consisting of the frame with the wheels and machinery.- Vehicles :In the case of vehicles, the term chassis means the...
and offer the same or better protection as an MBT. The protection of the BMPT is superior to most MBTs, as active and passive protection is used, and additional armor (the vehicle lacks a manned turret), is distributed to the hull of the vehicle.
There have been several different designs, for instance the Ob'yekt 193A and the Ob'yekt 745. A mock-up of the Ob'yekt 199 was shown for the first time in public at the BTVT-1997 exhibition. This vehicle was slightly different from the current design, being armed with only a single 30mm gun and with Kornet missiles. The series model of the BMPT was developed in 2002.
Operational use
When used in urban terrain, the BMPT is employed on a 2 to 1 ratio, meaning 2 BMPTs protecting one MBT. In rural operations that ratio is reversed, i.e. one BMPT protecting 2 MBTs. This results from the complexity of fighting in urban terrain and the need for a versatile anti-personnel machine that can engage multiple targets at once and on different height levels. The introduction of such a vehicle makes urban fighting less stressful on tanks and can relieve them of some of the workload so that they can concentrate on their main objective of engaging other tanks and hardened targets.Description
The BMPT is based on the chassis of the well-known T-72T-72
The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1970. It is developed directly from Obyekt-172, and shares parallel features with the T-64A...
MBT which is used in large numbers by the Russian Army and has been manufactured under license by many other countries. The rear of the driver's compartment, at the front of the vehicle, has been raised, providing greater internal volume. A new mount is equipped with two 30 mm 2A42 dual-feed cannons
30 mm automatic cannon 2A42
The 30 mm automatic cannon 2A42, also known as the Shipunov 2A42, is a Soviet/Russian 30 mm automatic cannon. It is built by the Tulamashzavod Joint Stock Company.-Design:...
with a cyclic rate of fire of up to 600 rds/min. A total of 850 rounds of ready use ammunition can be carried. The cannon can fire a wide range of ammunition types including: High Explosive - Tracer
Tracer
Tracer may refer to:* Histochemical tracer, a substance used for tracing purposes in histochemistry, the study of the composition of cells and tissues...
(HE-T), Armour-piercing discarding sabot
Armour-piercing discarding sabot
Armour-piercing discarding sabot is a type of kinetic energy projectile fired from a gun to attack armoured targets. APDS rounds are sabot rounds and were commonly used in large calibre tank guns, but have now been superseded by armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot projectiles in such...
(APDS), High Explosive Fragmentation
Fragmentation (weaponry)
Fragmentation is the process by which the casing of an artillery shell, bomb, grenade, etc. is shattered by the detonating high explosive filling. The correct technical terminology for these casing pieces is fragments , although shards or splinters can be used for non-preformed fragments...
(HE-FRAG) and Armor-Piercing
Armor-piercing shot and shell
An armor-piercing shell is a type of ammunition designed to penetrate armor. From the 1860s to 1950s, a major application of armor-piercing projectiles was to defeat the thick armor carried on many warships. From the 1920s onwards, armor-piercing weapons were required for anti-tank missions...
- Tracer
Tracer
Tracer may refer to:* Histochemical tracer, a substance used for tracing purposes in histochemistry, the study of the composition of cells and tissues...
(AP-T). A 7.62 mm machine gun is mounted coaxially with the main armament. A total of four launchers for the Ataka-T
Ataka
Ataka may refer to:*National Union Attack, Bulgarian nationalist political party*Ataka , a Japanese play used as a source for the film The Men Who Tread On the Tiger's Tail*9M120 Ataka-V, a Russian-made anti-tank guided missile...
anti-tank guided weapon (ATGW) which can fire various types of warhead, are mounted on either side of the main armament. These include a tandem HEAT
Heat
In physics and thermodynamics, heat is energy transferred from one body, region, or thermodynamic system to another due to thermal contact or thermal radiation when the systems are at different temperatures. It is often described as one of the fundamental processes of energy transfer between...
warhead to defeat targets fitted with explosive reactive armour
Reactive armour
Reactive armour is a type of vehicle armour that reacts in some way to the impact of a weapon to reduce the damage done to the vehicle being protected. It is most effective in protecting against shaped charges and specially hardened long rod penetrators...
. To enable targets to be engaged under day and night conditions when the BMPT is stationary or moving, a computerized fire-control system is fitted. It uses proven elements from those fitted to the T-90S
T-90
The T-90 is a Russian third-generation main battle tank that is a modernisation of the T-72 . It is currently the most modern tank in service with the Russian Ground Forces and Naval Infantry...
series MBT. The commander is equipped with a panoramic sight B07-K1, the gunner has a B07-K2 sight with optical and thermal channels and a LRF. The two operators for the AG-17D each have an “Agat-MR” day/night sight. As an option, the BMPT can be fitted with mine-clearing devices such as the KMT-7 or KMT-8. T-72 tanks can be converted into BMPT.
Armament
The armament includes:- two 30 mm 2A42 dual-feed cannons30 mm automatic cannon 2A42The 30 mm automatic cannon 2A42, also known as the Shipunov 2A42, is a Soviet/Russian 30 mm automatic cannon. It is built by the Tulamashzavod Joint Stock Company.-Design:...
with 850 rounds - two AG-17DAGS-17The AGS-17 Plamya is a Soviet-designed automatic grenade launcher currently in production in the Russian Federation and in service worldwide.-Description:...
30 mm grenade launchers with 600 rounds - four launchers for the 130 mm 9M120-1 Ataka-T ATGM
- one 7.62mm machine gun PKTMPK machine gunThe PK is a 7.62 mm general-purpose machine gun designed in the Soviet Union and currently in production in Russia. The PK machine gun was introduced in the 1960s and replaced the SGM and RPD machine guns in Soviet service...
with 2,000 rounds - 2x5 81mm smoke grenade launchers
- additional weapons can be installed
The vehicle is protected by passive and reactive armour
Reactive armour
Reactive armour is a type of vehicle armour that reacts in some way to the impact of a weapon to reduce the damage done to the vehicle being protected. It is most effective in protecting against shaped charges and specially hardened long rod penetrators...
.
Operators
- 3, shown for the first time during the 2011 Constitution Day parade. - small number (4?) for evaluation.See also
- IDF AchzaritIDF AchzaritThe Achzarit is a heavily armored armored personnel carrier manufactured by the Israeli Defence Forces Corps of Ordnance.-History:...
- BTR-TBTR-TThe BTR-T is a Russian heavy infantry combat vehicle, designed by the Design Bureau of Transport Machine-Building state-run production association.-Description:It is based on the hull of the T-55 tank and answers the need for a heavy, well protected and well armed...
- 9M120 Ataka-V9M120 Ataka-VThe AT-9 Spiral-2 is the NATO reporting name for the 9M120 Ataka-V SACLOS radio guided anti-tank missile system of the Soviet Union. It is the next major generation in the 9K114 Shturm family...
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EYiwK7o3Trw&feature=related