Auguste Chaillou was a French biologist

Biologist

A biologist is a scientist devoted to and producing results in biology through the study of life. Typically biologists study organisms and their relationship to their environment. Biologists involved in basic research attempt to discover underlying mechanisms that govern how organisms work...

 and physician born in Parennes

Parennes

Parennes is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays-de-la-Loire in north-western France....

 in the department of Sarthe

Sarthe

Sarthe is a French department, named after the Sarthe River.- History :The department was created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790, pursuant to the law of December 22, 1789, starting from a part of the province of Maine which was divided into two departments, Sarthe to the east and...

. He worked at the Hôpital des Enfants-Malades

Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital

The Hôpital Necker – Enfants Malades is a French teaching hospital, located in Paris, France. It is an hospital of the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris group, and is affiliated to the University of Paris Descartes...

, and for most of his career was associated with the Pasteur Institute

Pasteur Institute

The Pasteur Institute is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines. It is named after Louis Pasteur, who made some of the greatest breakthroughs in modern medicine at the time, including pasteurization and vaccines for anthrax...

 in Paris

Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...

.

Chaillou is best-known for his development of the anti-diphtheria

Diphtheria

Diphtheria is an upper respiratory tract illness caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium. It is characterized by sore throat, low fever, and an adherent membrane on the tonsils, pharynx, and/or nasal cavity...

 serum with Émile Roux and Louis Martin (1864-1946) at the Pasteur Institute. The three men presented their findings at the Tenth International Congress of Hygiene in Budapest

Budapest

Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...

 (1894). From 1895 until 1914 he was chief of anti-rabies

Rabies

Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals. It is zoonotic , most commonly by a bite from an infected animal. For a human, rabies is almost invariably fatal if post-exposure prophylaxis is not administered prior to the onset of severe symptoms...

 services at the Pasteur Institute. As a medical officer during World War I

World War I

World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...

 he was killed on the battlefield of Vauquois

Vauquois

Vauquois is a commune in the Meuse department in Lorraine in north-eastern France....

.

Written Works

• La sérumthérapie et le tubage du larynx dans les croups diphtériques (1894)
• Morphologie médicale. Paris (1912) (with Leon Mac-Auliffe (1876-1937).
• Un Précis d'exploration externe du tube digestif (with Leon Mac-Auliffe)
• Etude des quatre types humains