Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Encyclopedia
Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) is a specific form of hearing loss defined by the presence of normal or near-normal Otoacoustic Emissions
(OAEs) but the absence of normal Middle Ear Reflexes and severely abnormal or completely absent auditory brainstem response
(ABRs).
Individuals presenting with this recently recognised hearing loss appear to display sporadic windows of hearing and not. Some will go on to develop normal speech and language but with poor speech perception
in background noise and in others, no speech perception and therefore language development is possible.
The condition was originally termed Auditory neuropathy
(AN) and in 2001 as Auditory Neuropathy / Auditory Dyssynchrony (AN/AD) (to include those cases where no true Neuropathy was apparent). In 2008 at a meeting convened at Lake Como in Italy (Guidelines Development
Conference on the Identification and Management
of Infants with Auditory Neuropathy, International
Newborn Hearing Screening Conference, Como, Italy,
June 19–21, 2008), a group of leading authorities on the condition reached a consensus and renamed it as Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) .
Otoacoustic emission
An otoacoustic emission is a sound which is generated from within the inner ear. Having been predicted by Thomas Gold in 1948, its existence was first demonstrated experimentally by David Kemp in 1978 and otoacoustic emissions have since been shown to arise by a number of different cellular...
(OAEs) but the absence of normal Middle Ear Reflexes and severely abnormal or completely absent auditory brainstem response
Auditory Brainstem Response
The auditory brainstem response is an auditory evoked potential extracted from ongoing electrical activity in the brain and recorded via electrodes placed on the scalp. The resulting recording is a series of vertex positive waves of which I through V are evaluated...
(ABRs).
Individuals presenting with this recently recognised hearing loss appear to display sporadic windows of hearing and not. Some will go on to develop normal speech and language but with poor speech perception
Speech perception
Speech perception is the process by which the sounds of language are heard, interpreted and understood. The study of speech perception is closely linked to the fields of phonetics and phonology in linguistics and cognitive psychology and perception in psychology...
in background noise and in others, no speech perception and therefore language development is possible.
The condition was originally termed Auditory neuropathy
Auditory neuropathy
Auditory neuropathy is a variety of hearing loss in which the outer hair cells within the cochlea are present and functional, but sound information is not faithfully transmitted to the auditory nerve and brain properly....
(AN) and in 2001 as Auditory Neuropathy / Auditory Dyssynchrony (AN/AD) (to include those cases where no true Neuropathy was apparent). In 2008 at a meeting convened at Lake Como in Italy (Guidelines Development
Conference on the Identification and Management
of Infants with Auditory Neuropathy, International
Newborn Hearing Screening Conference, Como, Italy,
June 19–21, 2008), a group of leading authorities on the condition reached a consensus and renamed it as Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) .
See also
- Audiologist
- Auditory Brainstem ResponseAuditory Brainstem ResponseThe auditory brainstem response is an auditory evoked potential extracted from ongoing electrical activity in the brain and recorded via electrodes placed on the scalp. The resulting recording is a series of vertex positive waves of which I through V are evaluated...
- Auditory neuropathyAuditory neuropathyAuditory neuropathy is a variety of hearing loss in which the outer hair cells within the cochlea are present and functional, but sound information is not faithfully transmitted to the auditory nerve and brain properly....
- Auditory processing disorderAuditory processing disorderAuditory Processing Disorder , also known as Central Auditory Processing Disorder is an umbrella term for a variety of disorders that affect the way the brain processes auditory information. It is not a peripheral hearing disorder as individuals with APD usually have normal peripheral hearing...
- Cochlear implantCochlear implantA cochlear implant is a surgically implanted electronic device that provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing...
- Hearing aids
- Otoacoustic emissions
- Sensorineural hearing impairment