Anne of Burgundy
Encyclopedia
Anne of Burgundy, Duchess of Bedford (1404 – 14 November 1432) was a daughter of John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy (1404–1419) and his wife Margaret of Bavaria
.
, she married John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford
, son of Henry IV of England
by the 1423 Treaty of Amiens
. The marriage was meant to cement relations between John and Anne's brother Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy. This alliance was vital for continued English success in French lands, as John had been appointed the Regent of France in place of his nephew, the young Henry VI of England
since 1422. Burgundy's antagonism with the Valois royal house (which had effectively caused a civil war) had been one of the leading factors in the losses faced by the French at the hands of the English.
They had no surviving children.
in Paris
and was buried there at the Church of the Celestines. Her tomb was designed by Guillaume Vluten and, according to one historian, "ranks among the most important Parisian effigies of the first half of the fifteenth century". Today, only the statue has survived, and can be found at the Musée de Cluny
.
Anne's death in 1432 signified the beginning of one of two disastrous trends in Lancastrian history. The following year, John remarried to Jacquetta of Luxembourg
, but faced opposition for various political reasons in this decision from Anne's brother the Duke of Burgundy. From this time on, relations between the two became cool, culminating in the 1435 peace negotiations between Burgundy and Charles VII
, the exiled king of France. Later that year, a letter was dispatched to Henry VI, formally breaking their alliance.
Margaret of Bavaria
Margaret of Bavaria, , was the fifth child of Albert, Duke of Bavaria-Straubing, Count of Hainault, Holland, and Zeeland and Lord of Friesia, and Margaret of Brieg. She was the regent of the Burgundian Low countries during the absence of her spouse in 1404–1419 and the regent in French Burgundy...
.
Marriage
In June 1423 at TroyesTroyes
Troyes is a commune and the capital of the Aube department in north-central France. It is located on the Seine river about southeast of Paris. Many half-timbered houses survive in the old town...
, she married John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford
John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford
John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, KG , also known as John Plantagenet, was the third surviving son of King Henry IV of England by Mary de Bohun, and acted as Regent of France for his nephew, King Henry VI....
, son of Henry IV of England
Henry IV of England
Henry IV was King of England and Lord of Ireland . He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry Bolingbroke...
by the 1423 Treaty of Amiens
Treaty of Amiens (1423)
The Treaty of Amiens was a defensive agreement between John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy and Arthur III, Earl of Richmond and Duke of Brittany, in which the three dukes acknowledged Henry VI of England as King of France, and agreed to aid each other against...
. The marriage was meant to cement relations between John and Anne's brother Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy. This alliance was vital for continued English success in French lands, as John had been appointed the Regent of France in place of his nephew, the young Henry VI of England
Henry VI of England
Henry VI was King of England from 1422 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471, and disputed King of France from 1422 to 1453. Until 1437, his realm was governed by regents. Contemporaneous accounts described him as peaceful and pious, not suited for the violent dynastic civil wars, known as the Wars...
since 1422. Burgundy's antagonism with the Valois royal house (which had effectively caused a civil war) had been one of the leading factors in the losses faced by the French at the hands of the English.
They had no surviving children.
Death and implications
Anne died of the plague at Hôtel de BourgogneHôtel de Bourgogne
Until the 16th century, the Hôtel de Bourgogne was the name of the Paris residence of the Dukes of Burgundy. Today, the last vestige is the Tour Jean sans Peur, 20 rue Étienne Marcel, in the 2nd arrondissement.-Theatre:...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
and was buried there at the Church of the Celestines. Her tomb was designed by Guillaume Vluten and, according to one historian, "ranks among the most important Parisian effigies of the first half of the fifteenth century". Today, only the statue has survived, and can be found at the Musée de Cluny
Musée de Cluny
The Musée de Cluny , officially known as Musée National du Moyen Âge , is a museum in Paris, France...
.
Anne's death in 1432 signified the beginning of one of two disastrous trends in Lancastrian history. The following year, John remarried to Jacquetta of Luxembourg
Jacquetta of Luxembourg
Jacquetta of Luxembourg was the elder daughter of Peter I, Count of St Pol, Conversano and Brienne and his wife Margaret de Baux...
, but faced opposition for various political reasons in this decision from Anne's brother the Duke of Burgundy. From this time on, relations between the two became cool, culminating in the 1435 peace negotiations between Burgundy and Charles VII
Charles VII of France
Charles VII , called the Victorious or the Well-Served , was King of France from 1422 to his death, though he was initially opposed by Henry VI of England, whose Regent, the Duke of Bedford, ruled much of France including the capital, Paris...
, the exiled king of France. Later that year, a letter was dispatched to Henry VI, formally breaking their alliance.