Aniceto dos Reis Gonçalves Viana
Encyclopedia
Aniceto dos Reis Gonçalves Viana (1840-19??) was a Portuguese
Portuguese people
The Portuguese are a nation and ethnic group native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion....

 writer and orientalist
Oriental studies
Oriental studies is the academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology; in recent years the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Asian studies and Middle Eastern studies...

 who led a committee that reorganised the spelling of Portuguese.

Biography

Aniceto dos Reis Gonçalves Viana was born in Lisbon
Lisbon
Lisbon is the capital city and largest city of Portugal with a population of 545,245 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Lisbon extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of 3 million on an area of , making it the 9th most populous urban...

 in 1840. His father, who was an actor, and his brother died of Yellow Fever
Yellow fever
Yellow fever is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease. The virus is a 40 to 50 nm enveloped RNA virus with positive sense of the Flaviviridae family....

 in 1857. Viana had to concentrate on earning money to support his family.

He continued his studies, first studying Greek and then Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...

 under Guilherme de Vasconcelos Abreu
Guilherme de Vasconcelos Abreu
Guilherme de Vasconcelos Abreu was a Portuguese writer, map maker and orientalist.-Biography:Guilherme de Vasconcelos Abreu was born in Coimbra in 1842. Abreu spent a lifetime studying languages. He travelled to Brazil and went on several journeys to Portuguese colonies in India...

.

He led the commission that advised on how the spelling of Portuguese should be reformed. This change was successfully made, but created a schism with Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...

who continued to use the traditional spelling.

Works include

  • 1897; Selecta Easy English Readings,
  • 1897; Grammar English
  • 1907; French Grammar
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