Andrzej W. Schally
Encyclopedia
Andrzej "Andrew" Viktor Schally (born November 30, 1926) is a Polish-born American endocrinologist and Nobel Prize
laureate (1977) in medicine, sharing the prize that year with Roger Guillemin
and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
.
(now Vilnius
, Lithuania
), as the son of Gen. Brigadier
Kazimierz Schally who was Chief of the Cabinet of President Ignacy Mościcki
of Poland and Maria Łącka, Polish noble woman from an old and known family.
In September 1939, when Poland has been attacked by Germany, Schally escaped with the Poland's President Ignacy Mościcki
, Prime Minister and the whole cabinet to then neutral Romania, where they were interned.
Immediately after the war, in 1945, he moved via Italy and France to England and Scotland. Schally received his education in Scotland and England. In 1952, he moved to Canada. He received his doctorate in endocrinology
from McGill University
in 1957. That same year he left for a research career in the United States where he has worked principally at Tulane University
. Schally currently conducts research in Endocrinology at the Miami Veteran's Administration Medical Center in Miami, Fl. A Canadian citizen when he left Canada, Schally became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1962. He was affiliated with the Baylor College of Medicine
for some years in Houston, Texas.
He developed a whole new realm of knowledge concerning the brain's control over the body chemistry. His works also addressed birth control methods and growth hormones. He—as well as Roger Guillemin
—described the neurohormone
GnRH that controls FSH
and LH
.
Schally received an honoris causa Doctors degree from the Jagiellonian University
in Kraków
. He received a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1977.
Nobel Prize
The Nobel Prizes are annual international awards bestowed by Scandinavian committees in recognition of cultural and scientific advances. The will of the Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite, established the prizes in 1895...
laureate (1977) in medicine, sharing the prize that year with Roger Guillemin
Roger Guillemin
Roger Charles Louis Guillemin received the National Medal of Science in 1976, and the Nobel prize for medicine in 1977 for his work on neurohormones, sharing the prize that year with Andrew Schally and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow.Completing his undergraduate work at the University of Burgundy, Guillemin...
and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow
Rosalyn Sussman Yalow was an American medical physicist, and a co-winner of the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for development of the radioimmunoassay technique...
.
Biography
Schally was born in Wilno, Second Polish RepublicSecond Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, Second Commonwealth of Poland or interwar Poland refers to Poland between the two world wars; a period in Polish history in which Poland was restored as an independent state. Officially known as the Republic of Poland or the Commonwealth of Poland , the Polish state was...
(now Vilnius
Vilnius
Vilnius is the capital of Lithuania, and its largest city, with a population of 560,190 as of 2010. It is the seat of the Vilnius city municipality and of the Vilnius district municipality. It is also the capital of Vilnius County...
, Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
), as the son of Gen. Brigadier
Brigadier
Brigadier is a senior military rank, the meaning of which is somewhat different in different military services. The brigadier rank is generally superior to the rank of colonel, and subordinate to major general....
Kazimierz Schally who was Chief of the Cabinet of President Ignacy Mościcki
Ignacy Moscicki
Ignacy Mościcki was a Polish chemist, politician, and President of Poland . He was the longest-serving President of Poland .-Life:...
of Poland and Maria Łącka, Polish noble woman from an old and known family.
In September 1939, when Poland has been attacked by Germany, Schally escaped with the Poland's President Ignacy Mościcki
Ignacy Moscicki
Ignacy Mościcki was a Polish chemist, politician, and President of Poland . He was the longest-serving President of Poland .-Life:...
, Prime Minister and the whole cabinet to then neutral Romania, where they were interned.
I was fortunate to survive the holocaust while living among the Jewish-Polish Community in Roumania. I used to speak Polish, Roumanian, Yiddish, Italian and some German and Russian, but I have almost completely forgotten them, and my French in which I used to excel is also now far from fluent.
Immediately after the war, in 1945, he moved via Italy and France to England and Scotland. Schally received his education in Scotland and England. In 1952, he moved to Canada. He received his doctorate in endocrinology
Endocrinology
Endocrinology is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions called hormones, the integration of developmental events such as proliferation, growth, and differentiation and the coordination of...
from McGill University
McGill University
Mohammed Fathy is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university...
in 1957. That same year he left for a research career in the United States where he has worked principally at Tulane University
Tulane University
Tulane University is a private, nonsectarian research university located in New Orleans, Louisiana, United States...
. Schally currently conducts research in Endocrinology at the Miami Veteran's Administration Medical Center in Miami, Fl. A Canadian citizen when he left Canada, Schally became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1962. He was affiliated with the Baylor College of Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine
Baylor College of Medicine, located in the Texas Medical Center in Houston, Texas, USA, is a highly regarded medical school and leading center for biomedical research and clinical care...
for some years in Houston, Texas.
He developed a whole new realm of knowledge concerning the brain's control over the body chemistry. His works also addressed birth control methods and growth hormones. He—as well as Roger Guillemin
Roger Guillemin
Roger Charles Louis Guillemin received the National Medal of Science in 1976, and the Nobel prize for medicine in 1977 for his work on neurohormones, sharing the prize that year with Andrew Schally and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow.Completing his undergraduate work at the University of Burgundy, Guillemin...
—described the neurohormone
Neurohormone
A neurohormone is any hormone produced and released by neurons.Examples include:*Thyrotropin-releasing hormone *Gonadotropin-releasing hormone *Adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone*Oxytocin*Antidiuretic hormone *Epinephrine...
GnRH that controls FSH
FSH
FSH may refer to:* Follicle-stimulating hormone* Fox Sports Houston, a regional Fox Sports Net affiliate station for the Houston, Texas area* Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy* International Civil Aviation Organisation code for Flash Airlines...
and LH
LH
LH, Lh, or lh may stand for:*Laurel and Hardy*Leasehold *Left-handed or left hand*Letterhead, the heading at the top of a sheet of letter paper*lh, a digraph for many languages...
.
Schally received an honoris causa Doctors degree from the Jagiellonian University
Jagiellonian University
The Jagiellonian University was established in 1364 by Casimir III the Great in Kazimierz . It is the oldest university in Poland, the second oldest university in Central Europe and one of the oldest universities in the world....
in Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
. He received a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1977.