Andries Cornelis Dirk de Graeff
Encyclopedia
Jonkheer
Andries Cornelis Dirk de Graeff (Den Haag, August 7, 1872 – April 24, 1957) was a Governor General of Dutch East Indies
and a Dutch minister for foreign affairs
.
-family from the Dutch Golden Age
.
He was a son of the general consul
and Dutch minister in Japan
Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek
, and jonkvrouw Caroline Angelique van der Wijk, daughter of jonkheer
Carel Herman Aart van der Wijk. They had a son and four daughters.
in Tokyo
, and from 1922 to 1926 in Washington
.
He served as Gouvernor General between March 26, 1926 until September 11, 1931.
De Graeff was also the Dutch minister for foreign affairs for an unspecified period during 1936 and 1937. During 1936, de Graeff served as a "sort of stooge" to British
Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden
in relation to the question of weakening the League of Nations
.
De Graeff wanted to "modify the League until it became "purely consultive", coax Germany back into it, and abolish forever all Sanctions "except the one Sanction that an aggressor would be automatically expelled from the League"".
Jonkheer
Jonkheer is a Dutch honorific of nobility.-Honorific of nobility:"Jonkheer" or "Jonkvrouw" is literally translated as "young lord" or "young lady". In medieval times such a person was a young and unmarried son or daughter of a high ranking knight or nobleman...
Andries Cornelis Dirk de Graeff (Den Haag, August 7, 1872 – April 24, 1957) was a Governor General of Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies
The Dutch East Indies was a Dutch colony that became modern Indonesia following World War II. It was formed from the nationalised colonies of the Dutch East India Company, which came under the administration of the Netherlands government in 1800....
and a Dutch minister for foreign affairs
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the Dutch ministry of foreign affairs: it is occupied with the external relations of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, including European cooperation and International development...
.
Family
Andries Cornelis Dirk de Graeff was a descendant of the De GraeffDe Graeff
De Graeff is an old Dutch patrician family. The family have played an important role during the Dutch Golden Age. They were at the centre of Amsterdam public life and oligarchy from 1578 until 1672...
-family from the Dutch Golden Age
Dutch Golden Age
The Golden Age was a period in Dutch history, roughly spanning the 17th century, in which Dutch trade, science, military and art were among the most acclaimed in the world. The first half is characterised by the Eighty Years' War till 1648...
.
He was a son of the general consul
Consul
Consul was the highest elected office of the Roman Republic and an appointive office under the Empire. The title was also used in other city states and also revived in modern states, notably in the First French Republic...
and Dutch minister in Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek
Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek
Dirk de Graeff van Polsbroek was a successful Dutch diplomat in Japan. From July 1863, he held the post of Consul General and Political Agent in Japan. He played a major part in the many negotiations between various Western countries and Japan...
, and jonkvrouw Caroline Angelique van der Wijk, daughter of jonkheer
Jonkheer
Jonkheer is a Dutch honorific of nobility.-Honorific of nobility:"Jonkheer" or "Jonkvrouw" is literally translated as "young lord" or "young lady". In medieval times such a person was a young and unmarried son or daughter of a high ranking knight or nobleman...
Carel Herman Aart van der Wijk. They had a son and four daughters.
Carriere
from 1919 to 1922 De Graeff was a Dutch AmbassadorAmbassador
An ambassador is the highest ranking diplomat who represents a nation and is usually accredited to a foreign sovereign or government, or to an international organization....
in Tokyo
Tokyo
, ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family...
, and from 1922 to 1926 in Washington
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
.
He served as Gouvernor General between March 26, 1926 until September 11, 1931.
De Graeff was also the Dutch minister for foreign affairs for an unspecified period during 1936 and 1937. During 1936, de Graeff served as a "sort of stooge" to British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden
Anthony Eden
Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC was a British Conservative politician, who was Prime Minister from 1955 to 1957...
in relation to the question of weakening the League of Nations
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...
.
De Graeff wanted to "modify the League until it became "purely consultive", coax Germany back into it, and abolish forever all Sanctions "except the one Sanction that an aggressor would be automatically expelled from the League"".
Literature
- Voor u persoonlijk. Brieven van minister van Buitenlandse Zaken jhr. A.C.D. de Graeff aan gezant J.P. graaf van Limburg Stirum (1933–1937)", Ned. Hist. Genootschap (1986)
- C. Fasseur, Graeff, jhr. Andries Cornelis Dirk de (1872–1957), in: Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland, deel II, 190
- B. de Graaff, Een welwillend man met een vrij gering werkelijkheidsbegrip, in: "De Nederlandse ministers van Buitenlandse Zaken in de twintigste eeuw" (1999)
- H.T. ColenbranderHerman Theodoor ColenbranderHerman Theodoor Colenbrander ) was a Dutch historian, the first director of the Commissie van Advies voor 's Rijks Geschiedkundige Publicatiën, which has become the Institute of Dutch History....
, Bij het aftreden van gouverneur-generaal De Graeff, in De Gids 95 (1931) III, 373–404; - J.E. Stokvis, Een landvoogdij, in De Socialistische Gids 16 (1931) 824–831;
- Rn. Ms. Noto Soeroto, Een groote Nederlander. Bij het afscheid van jhr.mr. A.C.D. de Graeff van Indonesië, in Oedaya 8 (1931) 124–125;