Alma, New Brunswick
Encyclopedia
Alma is a village
in the parish of Alma, Albert County
, New Brunswick
, Canada
. The village is centered on the small delta of the Upper Salmon River
and Cleveland Brook, where they empty into Salisbury Bay.
The headquarters of Fundy National Park
is located in Alma West, making tourism
a major part of the local economy. Fishing
, of lobster
and scallop
s, is another primary economic activity.
The settlement, known as Salmon River Settlement, began in earnest as the lumbering trade took root with the construction of a sawmill on the Upper Salmon River. The Parish of Alma was created surrounding the Village in 1856, commemorating the then-recent Battle of Alma
during the Crimean war. The village became an incorporated municipality in 1966. It was 18 years prior that the federal government expropriated land in the village and parish west of the Upper Salmon River for the creation of Fundy National Park. Many homes were relocated east of the river as lumber barons gave way to the new land managers, the Parks Canada Agency. In addition to tourism related to the park, lobster
and scallop
fishing are an important industry based out of Alma's tidal harbour.
, who in 1939 became Master Mariner for offshore sailing, a captain, a first in the Western World
, sailing a commercial Bay of Fundy scow sloop between ports. A monument on the Alma waterfront marks her accomplishment.
Judson Arthur Cleveland was possibly the most outstanding citizen of Alma for his role in holding the community in place as his saw mill ran despite tiresome bad economic times, providing livelihoods so that families might remain.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
in the parish of Alma, Albert County
Albert County, New Brunswick
Albert County is located in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada on the Chignecto Bay of the Bay of Fundy. Prior to the abolition of county government in 1967, the county seat was Hopewell Cape...
, New Brunswick
New Brunswick
New Brunswick is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only province in the federation that is constitutionally bilingual . The provincial capital is Fredericton and Saint John is the most populous city. Greater Moncton is the largest Census Metropolitan Area...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. The village is centered on the small delta of the Upper Salmon River
Upper Salmon River
The Upper Salmon River divides Fundy National Park and the village of Alma, New Brunswick at its delta. Here, it is inundated with tidal water from the Salisbury Bay a kilometer to the site of a former dam, making for a large estuary and inter-tidal zone...
and Cleveland Brook, where they empty into Salisbury Bay.
The headquarters of Fundy National Park
Fundy National Park
Fundy National Park is located on the Bay of Fundy, near the village of Alma, New Brunswick. The Park showcases both seashore habitats and highland Acadian forests...
is located in Alma West, making tourism
Tourism
Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".Tourism has become a...
a major part of the local economy. Fishing
Fishing
Fishing is the activity of trying to catch wild fish. Fish are normally caught in the wild. Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping....
, of lobster
American lobster
The American lobster, Homarus americanus, is a species of lobster found on the Atlantic coast of North America, chiefly from Labrador to New Jersey. Within North America, it is also known as the northern lobster or Maine lobster. It can reach a body length of , and a mass of over , making it the...
and scallop
Scallop
A scallop is a marine bivalve mollusk of the family Pectinidae. Scallops are a cosmopolitan family, found in all of the world's oceans. Many scallops are highly prized as a food source...
s, is another primary economic activity.
History
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 |
The settlement, known as Salmon River Settlement, began in earnest as the lumbering trade took root with the construction of a sawmill on the Upper Salmon River. The Parish of Alma was created surrounding the Village in 1856, commemorating the then-recent Battle of Alma
Battle of Alma
The Battle of the Alma , which is usually considered the first battle of the Crimean War , took place just south of the River Alma in the Crimea. An Anglo-French force under General St...
during the Crimean war. The village became an incorporated municipality in 1966. It was 18 years prior that the federal government expropriated land in the village and parish west of the Upper Salmon River for the creation of Fundy National Park. Many homes were relocated east of the river as lumber barons gave way to the new land managers, the Parks Canada Agency. In addition to tourism related to the park, lobster
Lobster
Clawed lobsters comprise a family of large marine crustaceans. Highly prized as seafood, lobsters are economically important, and are often one of the most profitable commodities in coastal areas they populate.Though several groups of crustaceans are known as lobsters, the clawed lobsters are most...
and scallop
Scallop
A scallop is a marine bivalve mollusk of the family Pectinidae. Scallops are a cosmopolitan family, found in all of the world's oceans. Many scallops are highly prized as a food source...
fishing are an important industry based out of Alma's tidal harbour.
Notable people
Alma was the birthplace of Molly KoolMolly Kool
Myrtle 'Molly' Kool was North America's first registered female sea captain or ship master.She was born in Alma, New Brunswick, the daughter of Myrtle Anderson and Paul Kool, a Dutch sailor. She grew up sailing, eventually becoming captain of the Jean K, a 21-metre scow owned by her father...
, who in 1939 became Master Mariner for offshore sailing, a captain, a first in the Western World
, sailing a commercial Bay of Fundy scow sloop between ports. A monument on the Alma waterfront marks her accomplishment.
Judson Arthur Cleveland was possibly the most outstanding citizen of Alma for his role in holding the community in place as his saw mill ran despite tiresome bad economic times, providing livelihoods so that families might remain.
External links
- Village of Alma
- This site documents the Crimean War Monument in the Old Burial Grounds in Halifax, NS.