Afghanistan Liberation Organization
Encyclopedia
Afghanistan Liberation Organization is a Maoist
political group in Afghanistan
. It was founded by Dr. Faiz Ahmad
and some others in 1973. ALO is one of several organization that grew out of the Sholaye Javid (Eternal Flame) movement. ALO was originally named Revolutionary Group of the Peoples of Afghanistan (گروه انقلابی خلقهای افغانستان, RGPA); it was renamed in 1980.
It was highly critical of the Soviet war in Afghanistan
and actively fought against what it considered social imperialism. In June 1979, RGPA convened the Mujahedin Freedom Fighters Front of Afghanistan together with Islamist elements, as a united front
against the pro-Soviet government.
Along with some other Islamist groups, RGPA directed an uprising in Kabul
and other cities on August 5, 1979, that became known as the Bala Hissar
uprising. The uprising was suppressed by the regime and tens of ALO cadres were killed and arrested. Some of the central committee members like Mohammad Mohsin, Mohammad Dawod and others were executed in the Pul-e-Charkhi prison by the Babrak Karmal regime.
ALO had many fronts against the Soviets and pro-Soviet afghan communists in different parts of Afghanistan and was attacked by both the Soviet forces and the fundamentalist groups of Mujahideen. They lost over 120 of its cadres during the war.
Dr. Faiz Ahmad himself was assassinated on November 12, 1986 along with his 6 other comrades by the Hizb-e Islami militia of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar
.
More recently, ALO has directed its energies towards opposing the American forces in Afghanistan and the government of President Hamid Karzai
.
Maoism
Maoism, also known as the Mao Zedong Thought , is claimed by Maoists as an anti-Revisionist form of Marxist communist theory, derived from the teachings of the Chinese political leader Mao Zedong . Developed during the 1950s and 1960s, it was widely applied as the political and military guiding...
political group in Afghanistan
Afghanistan
Afghanistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of , making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world...
. It was founded by Dr. Faiz Ahmad
Faiz Ahmad
Dr. Faiz Ahmad was the founding leader of the Afghanistan Liberation Organization , a Marxist-Leninist organization established in Kabul.Ahmad was born in Kandahar, Afghanistan...
and some others in 1973. ALO is one of several organization that grew out of the Sholaye Javid (Eternal Flame) movement. ALO was originally named Revolutionary Group of the Peoples of Afghanistan (گروه انقلابی خلقهای افغانستان, RGPA); it was renamed in 1980.
It was highly critical of the Soviet war in Afghanistan
Soviet war in Afghanistan
The Soviet war in Afghanistan was a nine-year conflict involving the Soviet Union, supporting the Marxist-Leninist government of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan against the Afghan Mujahideen and foreign "Arab–Afghan" volunteers...
and actively fought against what it considered social imperialism. In June 1979, RGPA convened the Mujahedin Freedom Fighters Front of Afghanistan together with Islamist elements, as a united front
United front
The united front is a form of struggle that may be pursued by revolutionaries. The basic theory of the united front tactic was first developed by the Comintern, an international communist organisation created by revolutionaries in the wake of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution.According to the theses of...
against the pro-Soviet government.
Along with some other Islamist groups, RGPA directed an uprising in Kabul
Kabul
Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...
and other cities on August 5, 1979, that became known as the Bala Hissar
Bala Hissar
Bala Hissar is an ancient fortress located in the city of Kabul, Afghanistan. The estimated date of construction is around the 5th century A.D. Bala Hissar sits to the south of the modern city centre at the tail end of the Kuh-e-Sherdarwaza Mountain...
uprising. The uprising was suppressed by the regime and tens of ALO cadres were killed and arrested. Some of the central committee members like Mohammad Mohsin, Mohammad Dawod and others were executed in the Pul-e-Charkhi prison by the Babrak Karmal regime.
ALO had many fronts against the Soviets and pro-Soviet afghan communists in different parts of Afghanistan and was attacked by both the Soviet forces and the fundamentalist groups of Mujahideen. They lost over 120 of its cadres during the war.
Dr. Faiz Ahmad himself was assassinated on November 12, 1986 along with his 6 other comrades by the Hizb-e Islami militia of Gulbuddin Hekmatyar
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar is an Afghan Mujahideen leader who is the founder and leader of the Hezb-e Islami political party and paramilitary group. Hekmatyar was a rebel military commander during the 1980s Soviet war in Afghanistan and was one of the key figures in the civil war that followed the...
.
More recently, ALO has directed its energies towards opposing the American forces in Afghanistan and the government of President Hamid Karzai
Hamid Karzai
Hamid Karzai, GCMG is the 12th and current President of Afghanistan, taking office on 7 December 2004. He became a dominant political figure after the removal of the Taliban regime in late 2001...
.