M2 is a subtype of AML

Acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia , also known as acute myelogenous leukemia, is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal white blood cells that accumulate in the bone marrow and interfere with the production of normal blood cells. AML is the most common acute...

 (Acute Myeloid Leukemia).

It is also known as "Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia with Maturation".

Cause

This subtype is characterized by a translocation

Translocation

Translocation may refer to:* Chromosomal translocation, in genetics* Translocation in plants, transport of food or pesticides through phloem or xylem* Protein translocation or protein targeting, a process in protein biosynthesis...

 of a part of chromosome 8 to chromosome 21, written as t(8;21). On both sides of the splice the DNA coded for different proteins, RUNX1

RUNX1

Runt-related transcription factor 1 also known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX1 gene....

 and ETO

RUNX1T1

Protein CBFA2T1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX1T1 gene.-Interactions:RUNX1T1 has been shown to interact with CBFA2T2, Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 1, Nuclear receptor co-repressor 2, CBFA2T3, GFI1, Calcitriol receptor and...

, These two sequences are then transcribed and translated into a single large protein, "M2 AML" which allows the cell to divide unchecked, leading to cancer.

External links

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