AVE Class 102
Encyclopedia
The AVE Class 102 or S-102S-102 denotes 'Serie 102 de RENFE', the 1xx series is used for fixed passenger consists, such as electrical multiple units (nicknamed Pato, meaning Duck in Spanish) is a class of AVE
high-speed trains for the Spanish state-run railway company RENFE
. Outside of AVE service, Talgo markets this train as Talgo 350.
Further production of closely related trains, differing in seating arrangement resulted in the S-112.
with Adtranz
(later Bombardier Transportation
) providing the power car technology. It was principally designed for the Madrid-Barcelona line.
The trainsets consist of Talgo passenger cars modified in order to allow speeds of up to 350 km/h (217.5 mph) with power cars at each end. However, its certified maximum operating speed is 330 km/h (205.1 mph) due to the limits of its eight 1000 kW motors. The trainsets can consist of up to 12 Talgo series VII coaches.
The train is nicknamed Pato, Spanish for duck, due to the aerodynamic design of the power cars resembling a beak. The beak design reduces noise created by air resistance at top speeds.
The series trains were intended for a top speed of 330 km/h (205.1 mph). This top speed was supposed to be enough to fulfill the tender condition of a two-and-a-half hour travel time between Madrid and Barcelona. Experts ascribe this reduction compared to original plans to budgetary reasons, which derive from the strongly increased power requirements at even higher speeds.
original order in 2004 was for 16 series units, delivery of which began in 2004. A follow-up order for 30 similar trains to be delivered in 2008-2010 and designated as class 112 (S-112). The first production unit was unveiled in June 2010.
as test train Class 330), on 11 October 2002, 362 km/h (224.9 mph) was achieved.
Type approval tests began in 2004. Type approval requires test runs at speeds 10% above the desired permitted top speed. During the approval tests, a new record of 365 km/h (226.8 mph) was achieved in the early hours of 26 June 2004.
After the successful completion of the tests, the first eight series units commenced operation on the Madrid-Zaragoza-Lleida line on 26 February 2005. Initially, maximum service speed was restricted to 200 km/h (124.3 mph), due to problems with the train control and signalling system on the line.
After the commissioning of the train control system ETCS Level 1, the top speed was increased in steps. Since 7 May 2007, the trains travel with the top speed targeted for the time being 300 km/h (186.4 mph).
After the stabilisation of the train control system ETCS Level 2, the trains may cover the distance of 621 km between Madrid and Barcelona in about 2 hours 30 minutes, with a top speed of 330 km/h (205.1 mph). However, presently, non stop runs are carried by the AVE S-103, while the S-102 are deployed for runs with intermediate stops, with travel times between 2 hours 57 minutes and 3 hours 23 minutes.
line in Saudi Arabia
under a contract announced in October 2011.
AVE
Alta Velocidad Española is a service of high-speed rail in Spain operated by Renfe, the Spanish national railway company, at speeds of up to . The name is literally translated from Spanish as "Spanish High Speed", but also a play on the word , meaning "bird".AVE trains run on a network of...
high-speed trains for the Spanish state-run railway company RENFE
RENFE
Renfe Operadora is the state-owned company which operates freight and passenger trains on the 1668-mm "Iberian gauge" and 1435-mm "European gauge" networks of the Spanish national railway infrastructure company ADIF .- History :The name RENFE is derived from that of the former Spanish National...
. Outside of AVE service, Talgo markets this train as Talgo 350.
Further production of closely related trains, differing in seating arrangement resulted in the S-112.
Background, design and orders
The AVE Class 102 was constructed by TalgoTalgo
Talgo is a Spanish manufacturer of railway vehicles. It is best known for a design of articulated railway passenger cars in which the wheels are mounted in pairs, but not joined by an axle, and being between rather than underneath the individual coaches...
with Adtranz
Adtranz
ABB Daimler-Benz Transportation , commonly known under its brand Adtranz, was a multi-national rail transport equipment manufacturer with facilities concentrated in Europe and the USA....
(later Bombardier Transportation
Bombardier Transportation
Bombardier Transportation is the rail equipment division of the Canadian firm, Bombardier Inc. Bombardier Transportation is one of the world's largest companies in the rail-equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. Its headquarters are in Berlin, Germany....
) providing the power car technology. It was principally designed for the Madrid-Barcelona line.
The trainsets consist of Talgo passenger cars modified in order to allow speeds of up to 350 km/h (217.5 mph) with power cars at each end. However, its certified maximum operating speed is 330 km/h (205.1 mph) due to the limits of its eight 1000 kW motors. The trainsets can consist of up to 12 Talgo series VII coaches.
The series trains were intended for a top speed of 330 km/h (205.1 mph). This top speed was supposed to be enough to fulfill the tender condition of a two-and-a-half hour travel time between Madrid and Barcelona. Experts ascribe this reduction compared to original plans to budgetary reasons, which derive from the strongly increased power requirements at even higher speeds.
RENFE Class 112
RENFE'sRENFE
Renfe Operadora is the state-owned company which operates freight and passenger trains on the 1668-mm "Iberian gauge" and 1435-mm "European gauge" networks of the Spanish national railway infrastructure company ADIF .- History :The name RENFE is derived from that of the former Spanish National...
original order in 2004 was for 16 series units, delivery of which began in 2004. A follow-up order for 30 similar trains to be delivered in 2008-2010 and designated as class 112 (S-112). The first production unit was unveiled in June 2010.
Introduction, testing and operations
In trials with the prototype unit (later used by track authority ADIFAdif
Adif, an acronym of Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias, is a Spanish state-owned company under the responsibility of the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, charged with the management of most of Spain's railway infrastructure, that is the track, signalling and stations...
as test train Class 330), on 11 October 2002, 362 km/h (224.9 mph) was achieved.
Type approval tests began in 2004. Type approval requires test runs at speeds 10% above the desired permitted top speed. During the approval tests, a new record of 365 km/h (226.8 mph) was achieved in the early hours of 26 June 2004.
After the successful completion of the tests, the first eight series units commenced operation on the Madrid-Zaragoza-Lleida line on 26 February 2005. Initially, maximum service speed was restricted to 200 km/h (124.3 mph), due to problems with the train control and signalling system on the line.
After the commissioning of the train control system ETCS Level 1, the top speed was increased in steps. Since 7 May 2007, the trains travel with the top speed targeted for the time being 300 km/h (186.4 mph).
After the stabilisation of the train control system ETCS Level 2, the trains may cover the distance of 621 km between Madrid and Barcelona in about 2 hours 30 minutes, with a top speed of 330 km/h (205.1 mph). However, presently, non stop runs are carried by the AVE S-103, while the S-102 are deployed for runs with intermediate stops, with travel times between 2 hours 57 minutes and 3 hours 23 minutes.
Export
Talgo 350 trains based on the Class 102 design are to be used on the Haramain High Speed Rail ProjectHaramain High Speed Rail Project
The Haramain High Speed Rail project also known as the "Western Railway", is a high speed inter-city Rail transport system under construction in Saudi Arabia. It will link the Muslim holy cities of Medina and Mecca via King Abdullah Economic City, Rabigh, Jeddah and King Abdulaziz International...
line in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia , commonly known in British English as Saudi Arabia and in Arabic as as-Sa‘ūdiyyah , is the largest state in Western Asia by land area, constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and the second-largest in the Arab World...
under a contract announced in October 2011.