ARID1A
Encyclopedia
AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the ARID1A gene
.
family, whose members have helicase and ATPase
activities and are thought to regulate transcription
of certain genes by altering the chromatin
structure around those genes. The encoded protein is part of the large ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex SNF/SWI, which is required for transcriptional activation of genes normally repressed by chromatin. It possesses at least two conserved domains that could be important for its function. First, it has an ARID domain
, which is a DNA-binding domain
that can specifically bind an AT-rich DNA sequence known to be recognized by a SNF/SWI complex at the beta-globin
locus. Second, the C-terminus of the protein can stimulate glucocorticoid receptor
-dependent transcriptional activation. It is thought that the protein encoded by this gene confers specificity to the SNF/SWI complex and may recruit the complex to its targets through either protein-DNA or protein-protein interactions. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms
have been found for this gene. This gene has been commonly found mutated in gastic cancers .
with SMARCB1
and SMARCA4
.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the ARID1A gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
Function
ARID1A is a member of the SWI/SNFSWI/SNF
SWI/SNF is a yeast nucleosome remodeling complex composed of several proteins – products of the SWI and SNF genes as well as several other polypeptides...
family, whose members have helicase and ATPase
ATPase
ATPases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of adenosine triphosphate into adenosine diphosphate and a free phosphate ion. This dephosphorylation reaction releases energy, which the enzyme harnesses to drive other chemical reactions that would not otherwise occur...
activities and are thought to regulate transcription
Transcription (genetics)
Transcription is the process of creating a complementary RNA copy of a sequence of DNA. Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language that can be converted back and forth from DNA to RNA by the action of the correct enzymes...
of certain genes by altering the chromatin
Chromatin
Chromatin is the combination of DNA and proteins that make up the contents of the nucleus of a cell. The primary functions of chromatin are; to package DNA into a smaller volume to fit in the cell, to strengthen the DNA to allow mitosis and meiosis and prevent DNA damage, and to control gene...
structure around those genes. The encoded protein is part of the large ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complex SNF/SWI, which is required for transcriptional activation of genes normally repressed by chromatin. It possesses at least two conserved domains that could be important for its function. First, it has an ARID domain
ARID domain
In molecular biology, the ARID domain ) is a protein domain that binds to DNA. ARID domain-containing proteins are found in fungi and invertebrate and vertebrate metazoans. ARID-encoding genes are involved in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development, cell lineage gene...
, which is a DNA-binding domain
DNA-binding domain
A DNA-binding domain is an independently folded protein domain that contains at least one motif that recognizes double- or single-stranded DNA. A DBD can recognize a specific DNA sequence or have a general affinity to DNA...
that can specifically bind an AT-rich DNA sequence known to be recognized by a SNF/SWI complex at the beta-globin
HBB
Beta globin Beta globin Beta globin (HBB, β-globinprotin that, along with alpha globin (HBA), makes up the most common form of hemoglobin in adult humans. The normal adult hemoglobin tetramer consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains.-Gene locus:...
locus. Second, the C-terminus of the protein can stimulate glucocorticoid receptor
Glucocorticoid receptor
The glucocorticoid receptor also known as NR3C1 is the receptor to which cortisol and other glucocorticoids bind....
-dependent transcriptional activation. It is thought that the protein encoded by this gene confers specificity to the SNF/SWI complex and may recruit the complex to its targets through either protein-DNA or protein-protein interactions. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms
Protein isoform
A protein isoform is any of several different forms of the same protein. Different forms of a protein may be produced from related genes, or may arise from the same gene by alternative splicing. A large number of isoforms are caused by single-nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs, small genetic...
have been found for this gene. This gene has been commonly found mutated in gastic cancers .
Interactions
ARID1A has been shown to interactProtein-protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...
with SMARCB1
SMARCB1
SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCB1 gene.-Interactions:...
and SMARCA4
SMARCA4
Transcription activator BRG1 also known as ATP-dependent helicase SMARCA4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMARCA4 gene.- Function :...
.