Beta globin

Beta globin (HBB, β-globinprotin that, along with alpha globin (HBA

HBA1

Hemoglobin, alpha 1, also known as HBA1, is a human gene encoding the hemoglobin protein.-Interactions:Hemoglobin, alpha 1 has been shown to interact with HBB. Interactions between the N-terminal amino groups of the alpha-subunits and the C-terminal histidine of the β-subunits participate in ion...

), makes up the most common form of hemoglobin

Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates, with the exception of the fish family Channichthyidae, as well as the tissues of some invertebrates...

 in adult humans. The normal adult hemoglobin tetramer consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains.

Gene locus

The gene is located in the β-globin locus. Expression

Gene expression

Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as ribosomal RNA , transfer RNA or small nuclear RNA genes, the product is a functional RNA...

 of beta globin and the neighboring globins in the β-globin locus is controlled by single locus control region

Locus Control Region

Locus control regions are defined by their ability to enhance the expression of linked genes to physiological levels in a tissue-specific and copy number-dependent manner at ectopic chromatin sites...

 (LCR). The order of the genes in the beta-globin cluster is 5' - epsilon

HBE1

Hemoglobin subunit epsilon is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HBE1 gene.-Further reading:...

 – gamma-G

HBG2

Hemoglobin subunit gamma-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HBG2 gene.-Further reading:...

 – gamma-A

HBG1

Hemoglobin subunit gamma-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HBG1 gene.-Further reading:...

 – delta

HBD

Hemoglobin subunit delta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HBD gene.-Further reading:...

 – beta - 3'.

Disease linkage

Mutant beta globin is responsible for the sickling of red blood cells seen in sickle cell anemia. Absence of beta chain causes beta-zero-thalassemia. Reduced amounts of detectable beta globin causes beta-plus-thalassemia.

Interactions

HBB has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with Hemoglobin, alpha 1.

Further reading