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A11 (Croatia)
Encyclopedia
The A11 motorway is an incomplete motorway in Croatia
, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) long. It connects Velika Gorica
, located south of Zagreb
to Buševec
exit. Only a fifth of the planned 47.8 kilometres (29.7 mi) route is complete, and the motorway, when completed, shall span between Jakuševec
interchange and Mošćenica
near Sisak
. The motorway is planned as a significant north–south transportation corridor, especially to commuter traffic between Velika Gorica and Zagreb and between Sisak and Zagreb, with a positive economic impact
on the cities and towns along the A11 route.
The A11 motorway tender procedures and construction works were initiated in 2006, and after several delays attributed to planning and land ownership issues as well as funding and lack of political support the first section of the A11 was opened in 2009, just 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) long. The delays continued to hinder progress of development of the route, and in 2010 construction works were restarted. The A11 motorway construction was criticized as too expensive in comparison to other Croatian motorways and as a site of political promotion and bickering. As of September 2011, the A11 still remains with no direct connection to the remainder of the national motorway network as the Jakuševec interchamge, designed to serve as its connection to the A3 motorway
is still incomplete after years of construction works. As of 2010, the motorway is scheduled to be completed by 2012.
The motorway consists of two traffic lanes
and an emergency lane in each driving direction separated by a central reservation
. Both intersections of the A11 motorway are grade separated
. As of September 2011, there are 2 exits and along the route, and no rest areas. The motorway is not tolled
at the time, however when completed, the sections south of Velika Gorica are planned to be tolled using a ticket system
and the remainder shall be toll-free as a part of the Zagreb bypass motorway system.
, spanning D30 and D31 state roads south of Velika Gorica
. The designed motorway route is of regional importance as it is planned to gradually take over traffic from state road network in the area, especially the D30 which carries a significant commuter traffic volume between Zagreb
, Velika Gorica and Sisak
. As of September 2011, mere 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) of the route are open to traffic, connecting the D31 and the D30 roads at Velika Gorica and Buševec
exits respectively. The two are the only exits opened on the motorway. The D30 and the D31 have a shared intersection in Velika Gorica itself, providing an alternative route to the motorway section. Legally designated termini of the A11 motorway are the Jakuševec
interchange on the Zagreb bypass
and Sisak
.
The A11 motorway has at least two traffic lanes and an emergency lane
in each direction along its entire length. The Velika Gorica interchange is a cloverleaf interchange
, and the Buševec exit comprises a trumpet interchange. As of September 2011, the A11 route also comprises Mraclin mainline toll plaza, which is not operating as the motorway is not tolled at this time, and there are no rest areas.
An automatic traffic monitoring and guidance system is in place along the motorway. It consists of measuring, control and signaling devices located in zones where driving conditions may vary, such as at interchanges, viaducts, bridges and zones where fog and strong wind are known to occur. The system uses variable traffic signs to communicate changing driving conditions, possible restrictions and other information to motorway users. The A11 motorway mainly runs through a plain south of Sava River requiring no major structures except for the exit interchanges themselves
motorway was defined as a priority traffic route by the Government of Croatia
in Motorway development plan for 2005–2008 period. The route defined at the time fully complied with county development plans, except in a 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) segment south of the Zagreb bypass
, which required changes of the spatial planning documents of the City of Zagreb and the Zagreb County
. Hrvatske autoceste developed a preliminary study of the route, proposing to connect the A11 to Zagreb at the Zagreb bypass and the Sarajevska Road, requiring a tunnel below Zagreb railway shunting yard. The plan also requires moving the A3 motorway
Buzin interchange approximately 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the west. The plans refer to the moved interchange as Sveta Klara interchange. That scheme planned completion of the motorway to the south of Velika Gorica by 2007, to Lekenik
by 2008 and later on to Sisak. At the time cost of the first section between Velika Gorica and Buševec was estimated at 328 million kuna
(44.3 million euro
), and the extension to Lekenik was valued at 586 million kuna (79.1 million euro). In February and March 2006, Government of Croatia performed tender procedure for the 8.3 kilometres (5.2 mi) northernmost section of the A11 spanning the Jakuševec
interchange and the Velika Gorica jug exit. At the time, cost the section was estimated at 770 million kuna (104 million euro) and the construction works were scheduled to be completed by June 15, 2007. On April 4, commencement of the works between the Velika Gorica jug interchange and Hrašće Turopoljsko was announced. The contract was won by a joint venture comprising Viadukt
, Hidroelektra, Konstruktor
and Strabag
, at a price of 202 million kuna (27.3 million euro) without VAT, and the works were scheduled to be completed by June 15, 2007.
The first indication of delays came in March 2007, when the national government started trading accusations with authorities of the Zagreb County. The government accused the county authorities that they are willfully slowing down the project as the county failed to adopt required amendments of their spatial planning documents. In turn, the county accused the government that the project is out of funds and that accusations levied by the central government were intended to disguise lack of money. This situation led to announcements made in 2008, that the motorway shall be built from direction of Sisak, however that was not immediately feasible as land was not purchased and construction design had to be adjusted. Even so, the works were announced to start north of Sisak at the beginning of 2009. The plan to start construction in 2009 from Sisak were confirmed in July 2008, when Hrvatske autoceste deined rumors that the route may be shortened to the northern outskirts of Sisak, instead of Mošćenica
suburb of Petrinja
located immediately to the south of Sisak. By August 2008, planning of a tunnel under Zagreb shunting yard was abandoned in favor of a viaduct extending to the north of the planned Jakuševec interchange. Construction of the latter started shortly afterwards, but as of September 2011 it is still in progress, at an ostensibly slow pace.
On May 9, 2009, the first section of the A11 motorway was completed and opened to traffic, spanning Velika Gorica and Buševec exits. The section is 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) long, and contains 6 bridges, 4 flyovers, 2 wildlife crossing
s, a viaduct and an underpass. Total cost of the section was reported to be 657 million kuna (88.8 million euro). At the opening ceremony, it was announced that the entire route between Zagreb and Mošćenica shall be completed by 2011. In May 2009, new construction contracts were made for the Buševec–Sisak section of the route, only to be cancelled in September of the same year. The cancellation was attributed to change of funding sources and models, and new contracts were announced for November 2009.
Since the opening of the first A11 motorway section, the project was criticized by political opposition parties as excessively expensive, citing estimated cost of 14.8 million euro per kilometer and comparing it to cost of somewhat more than 4 million euro per kilometer cost of the A1 motorway
to Split. Hrvatske autoceste, operator of the motorway, defended the price as a result of unfavorable, silty ground along the route requiring large quantities of backfill and transportation of the backfill material. Furthermore Hrvatske autoceste denied claims of cost per kilometer of the A11 and the A1. The company which operates both of the motorways claimed that the average price of the A1 motorway was 7.1 million euro per kilometer and that the average cost per kilometer of the A11 stands at 11.3 million euro, further citing high transport cost of the backfill material caused by remote location of the closest quarry which is approximately 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) away. Construction of the A11 motorway was also criticized as an example of interference of politics in road construction, where construction sites are perceived as generally serving as ribbon-cutting ceremony sites during election campaigns.
Construction works on the 11.2 kilometres (7 mi) Buševec–Lekenik
section, immediately to the south of the completed portion of the A11 motorway were commenced in April 2010, when completion of the section was announced for 2011. The section shall require construction of two bridges, six flyovers, four culverts, Lekenik toll plaza and Peščenica
rest area. The construction works contract was awarded to Konstruktor
, Hidroelektra and Osijek Koteks. Value of the contract works is 645 million kuna (87.1 million euro), including VAT. In Lekenik–Sisak section, preparatory works commenced, entailing relocation of utilities along the planned motorway route.
In April 2010, the entire 47.9 kilometres (29.8 mi) A11 motorway route between Zagreb bypass and Sisak was planned to be completed within two and a half years, at a cost of 5.1 billion kuna (689 million euro). When completed, the A11 shall be tolled between Velika Gorica jug exit and Sisak, unlike the sections between Velika Gorica jug and Jakuševec interchanges which shall remain toll free as a part of the Zagreb bypass. The existing section of the A11 is planned to be tolled, however it was announced that the section shall remain toll-free until the Velika Gorica jug–Jakuševec section is completed. Ultimately, when completed the A11 is planned to have eight interhchanges, and the most significant structures on the route shall include 550 metres (1,804.5 ft) Odra Bridge also spanning a railway and a road, 280 metres (918.6 ft) bridge crossing Odra-Sava Canal, a 270 metres (885.8 ft) arch bridge
spanning the Kupa
River, and a 750 metres (2,460.6 ft) viaduct in addition to the 710 metres (2,329.4 ft) one required to be built north of the Jakuševec interchange, acrosss Zagreb shunting yard.
. In 2010, the only traffic count
site on the A11 motorway route was located between the only two opened interchanges of the motorway—Velika Gorica jug and Buševec. annual average daily traffic (AADT)
recorded at the site amounts to 1,442 vehicles, while average summer daily traffic (ASDT) traffic volume is approximately 10% greater at 1,589 vehicles.
The section of the A11 between Velika Gorica jug and Jakuševec interchanges, which is as of September 2011 still under construction, is expected to carry substantially increased volume of traffic compared to the existing A11 route because it is expected to take over a significant portion of the D30 state road. The D30 state road, parallel to the Jakuševec–Velika Gorica jug section of the A11 carries AADT of 39,413 vehicles, measured at Velika Mlaka
north of Velika Gorica.
|-
!scope="col"|County
!scope="col"|km
!scope="col"|Exit
!scope="col"|Name
!scope="col"|Destination
!scope="col"|Notes
|-
| rowspan= 2|
| bgcolor=#ffdead |0.0
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |1
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Jakuševec
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to the A3 motorway
and the Zagreb bypass
; Under construction
|-
| bgcolor=#ffdead |1.0
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |2
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Odra-Mlaka
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to Odra and Mlaka; Under construction
|-
| rowspan= 4|
| bgcolor=#ffdead |2.3
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |3
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Velika Gorica
sjever (north)
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to Velika Gorica; Under construction
|-
| 8.7
| align=center |4
| Velika Gorica
jug (south)
|
| Connection to Velika Gorica
As of September 2011, the northern terminus of the motorway
|-
| bgcolor=#ffdead |12.1
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |
| bgcolor=#ffdead colspan=2 |Mraclin toll plaza
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Completed but not operating
|-
| 18.1
| align=center |5
| Buševec
|
| Connection to Buševec and the D30 state road
As of September 2011, the southern terminus of the motorway
|-
| Sisak-Moslavina
| bgcolor=#ffdead |29.4
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |6
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Lekenik
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to Lekenik; Under construction
Croatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
, 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) long. It connects Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica is the largest and most populous city in Zagreb County, Croatia. The city itself has a population of 31,341, while the municipality has a population of 63,511 inhabitants .Velika Gorica is the centre of the historical Turopolje region....
, located south of Zagreb
Zagreb
Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...
to Buševec
Buševec
Buševec is the name of a Croatian village that falls under the administration of the town of Velika Gorica. It is placed at the Turopolje area at the highway between Zagreb and Sisak...
exit. Only a fifth of the planned 47.8 kilometres (29.7 mi) route is complete, and the motorway, when completed, shall span between Jakuševec
Jakuševec
Jakuševec is a neighborhood in the Novi Zagreb – istok city district of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. Located on Sajmišna Road east of Sarajevska Road and Utrine, Travno and Dugave apartment block complexes, the neighborhood is mostly uninhabited, with an area of 455,21 ha and a total population...
interchange and Mošćenica
Mošćenica
Mošćenica is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D37 highway....
near Sisak
Sisak
Sisak is a city in central Croatia. The city's population in 2011 was 33,049, with a total of 49,699 in the administrative region and it is also the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina county...
. The motorway is planned as a significant north–south transportation corridor, especially to commuter traffic between Velika Gorica and Zagreb and between Sisak and Zagreb, with a positive economic impact
Economy of Croatia
Economy of Croatia is a service-based economy with the tertiary sector accounting for 70% of total gross domestic product . Croatian GDP in 2010 was 335.5 billion Croatian Kuna and contracted by 1.4% year-on-year...
on the cities and towns along the A11 route.
The A11 motorway tender procedures and construction works were initiated in 2006, and after several delays attributed to planning and land ownership issues as well as funding and lack of political support the first section of the A11 was opened in 2009, just 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) long. The delays continued to hinder progress of development of the route, and in 2010 construction works were restarted. The A11 motorway construction was criticized as too expensive in comparison to other Croatian motorways and as a site of political promotion and bickering. As of September 2011, the A11 still remains with no direct connection to the remainder of the national motorway network as the Jakuševec interchamge, designed to serve as its connection to the A3 motorway
A3 (Croatia)
The A3 motorway is a major motorway in Croatia spanning . The motorway connects Zagreb, the nation's capital, to the Slavonia region and a number of cities along the Sava River. It represents a major east–west transportation corridor in Croatia and a significant part of the Pan-European Corridor...
is still incomplete after years of construction works. As of 2010, the motorway is scheduled to be completed by 2012.
The motorway consists of two traffic lanes
Lane
A lane is a part of the roadway within a road marked out for use by a single line of vehicles in such a way as to control and guide drivers for the purpose of reducing traffic conflicts. Most public roads have at least two lanes, one for traffic in each direction, separated by Lane markings...
and an emergency lane in each driving direction separated by a central reservation
Central reservation
On divided roads, such as divided highways or freeways/motorways, the central reservation , median, parkway , median strip or central nature strip is the area which separates opposing lanes of traffic...
. Both intersections of the A11 motorway are grade separated
Grade separation
Grade separation is the method of aligning a junction of two or more transport axes at different heights so that they will not disrupt the traffic flow on other transit routes when they cross each other. The composition of such transport axes does not have to be uniform; it can consist of a...
. As of September 2011, there are 2 exits and along the route, and no rest areas. The motorway is not tolled
Toll road
A toll road is a privately or publicly built road for which a driver pays a toll for use. Structures for which tolls are charged include toll bridges and toll tunnels. Non-toll roads are financed using other sources of revenue, most typically fuel tax or general tax funds...
at the time, however when completed, the sections south of Velika Gorica are planned to be tolled using a ticket system
Ticket system
A ticket system toll road A ticket system toll road A ticket system toll road (also known as closed toll collection system, as opposed to a flat-rate toll road, is utilized by some state toll road or highway agencies that allows a motorist to pay a toll rate based on the number of miles traveled...
and the remainder shall be toll-free as a part of the Zagreb bypass motorway system.
Route description
The A11 motorway is an incomplete north–south motorway in CroatiaCroatia
Croatia , officially the Republic of Croatia , is a unitary democratic parliamentary republic in Europe at the crossroads of the Mitteleuropa, the Balkans, and the Mediterranean. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. The country is divided into 20 counties and the city of Zagreb. Croatia covers ...
, spanning D30 and D31 state roads south of Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica is the largest and most populous city in Zagreb County, Croatia. The city itself has a population of 31,341, while the municipality has a population of 63,511 inhabitants .Velika Gorica is the centre of the historical Turopolje region....
. The designed motorway route is of regional importance as it is planned to gradually take over traffic from state road network in the area, especially the D30 which carries a significant commuter traffic volume between Zagreb
Zagreb
Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...
, Velika Gorica and Sisak
Sisak
Sisak is a city in central Croatia. The city's population in 2011 was 33,049, with a total of 49,699 in the administrative region and it is also the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina county...
. As of September 2011, mere 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) of the route are open to traffic, connecting the D31 and the D30 roads at Velika Gorica and Buševec
Buševec
Buševec is the name of a Croatian village that falls under the administration of the town of Velika Gorica. It is placed at the Turopolje area at the highway between Zagreb and Sisak...
exits respectively. The two are the only exits opened on the motorway. The D30 and the D31 have a shared intersection in Velika Gorica itself, providing an alternative route to the motorway section. Legally designated termini of the A11 motorway are the Jakuševec
Jakuševec
Jakuševec is a neighborhood in the Novi Zagreb – istok city district of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. Located on Sajmišna Road east of Sarajevska Road and Utrine, Travno and Dugave apartment block complexes, the neighborhood is mostly uninhabited, with an area of 455,21 ha and a total population...
interchange on the Zagreb bypass
Zagreb bypass
Zagreb bypass , is an U-shaped motorway partially encircling Zagreb, Croatia. The largest part by far, between Jankomir and Ivanja Reka interchanges, has been built between 1977 and 1979, while Ivanja Reka - Sveta Helena section has been built between 1996 and 1999. The bypass is long, tracing...
and Sisak
Sisak
Sisak is a city in central Croatia. The city's population in 2011 was 33,049, with a total of 49,699 in the administrative region and it is also the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina county...
.
The A11 motorway has at least two traffic lanes and an emergency lane
Shoulder (road)
A hard shoulder, or simply shoulder, is a reserved area by the verge of a road or motorway. Generally it is kept clear of motor vehicle traffic...
in each direction along its entire length. The Velika Gorica interchange is a cloverleaf interchange
Cloverleaf interchange
A cloverleaf interchange is a two-level interchange in which left turns, reverse direction in left-driving regions, are handled by ramp roads...
, and the Buševec exit comprises a trumpet interchange. As of September 2011, the A11 route also comprises Mraclin mainline toll plaza, which is not operating as the motorway is not tolled at this time, and there are no rest areas.
An automatic traffic monitoring and guidance system is in place along the motorway. It consists of measuring, control and signaling devices located in zones where driving conditions may vary, such as at interchanges, viaducts, bridges and zones where fog and strong wind are known to occur. The system uses variable traffic signs to communicate changing driving conditions, possible restrictions and other information to motorway users. The A11 motorway mainly runs through a plain south of Sava River requiring no major structures except for the exit interchanges themselves
History
The Zagreb–SisakSisak
Sisak is a city in central Croatia. The city's population in 2011 was 33,049, with a total of 49,699 in the administrative region and it is also the administrative centre of the Sisak-Moslavina county...
motorway was defined as a priority traffic route by the Government of Croatia
Government of Croatia
The Government of the Republic of Croatia , commonly abbreviated to Croatian Government , is the main element of the executive branch of government in Croatia. It is led by the President of the Government , commonly abbreviated to premier...
in Motorway development plan for 2005–2008 period. The route defined at the time fully complied with county development plans, except in a 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) segment south of the Zagreb bypass
Zagreb bypass
Zagreb bypass , is an U-shaped motorway partially encircling Zagreb, Croatia. The largest part by far, between Jankomir and Ivanja Reka interchanges, has been built between 1977 and 1979, while Ivanja Reka - Sveta Helena section has been built between 1996 and 1999. The bypass is long, tracing...
, which required changes of the spatial planning documents of the City of Zagreb and the Zagreb County
Zagreb County
Zagreb County is a county in central Croatia. It surrounds – but does not contain – the nation's capital Zagreb, which is a separate territorial unit. For that reason, it is often nicknamed "Zagreb ring"...
. Hrvatske autoceste developed a preliminary study of the route, proposing to connect the A11 to Zagreb at the Zagreb bypass and the Sarajevska Road, requiring a tunnel below Zagreb railway shunting yard. The plan also requires moving the A3 motorway
A3 (Croatia)
The A3 motorway is a major motorway in Croatia spanning . The motorway connects Zagreb, the nation's capital, to the Slavonia region and a number of cities along the Sava River. It represents a major east–west transportation corridor in Croatia and a significant part of the Pan-European Corridor...
Buzin interchange approximately 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the west. The plans refer to the moved interchange as Sveta Klara interchange. That scheme planned completion of the motorway to the south of Velika Gorica by 2007, to Lekenik
Lekenik
Lekenik is a village and a municipality in central Croatia, located between Sisak and Velika Gorica in the lowland region of Turopolje. The population of Lekenik is 1,857, with 6,170 people in the municipality, notably in larger villages like Pešćenica , Letovanić , Donji Vukojevac , Dužica...
by 2008 and later on to Sisak. At the time cost of the first section between Velika Gorica and Buševec was estimated at 328 million kuna
Croatian kuna
The kuna is the currency of Croatia since 1994 . It is subdivided into 100 lipa. The kuna is issued by the Croatian National Bank and the coins are minted by the Croatian Monetary Institute....
(44.3 million euro
Euro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
), and the extension to Lekenik was valued at 586 million kuna (79.1 million euro). In February and March 2006, Government of Croatia performed tender procedure for the 8.3 kilometres (5.2 mi) northernmost section of the A11 spanning the Jakuševec
Jakuševec
Jakuševec is a neighborhood in the Novi Zagreb – istok city district of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. Located on Sajmišna Road east of Sarajevska Road and Utrine, Travno and Dugave apartment block complexes, the neighborhood is mostly uninhabited, with an area of 455,21 ha and a total population...
interchange and the Velika Gorica jug exit. At the time, cost the section was estimated at 770 million kuna (104 million euro) and the construction works were scheduled to be completed by June 15, 2007. On April 4, commencement of the works between the Velika Gorica jug interchange and Hrašće Turopoljsko was announced. The contract was won by a joint venture comprising Viadukt
Viadukt
Viadukt is a Croatian company active in civil engineering, especially in fields of bridge, tunnel and road engineering. Other business activities of the company include building construction and reconstruction of urban streets....
, Hidroelektra, Konstruktor
Konstruktor
Konstruktor inženjering d.d. is a Croatian construction company founded in 1945 as "Konstruktor-Split" in Split, Yugoslavia ....
and Strabag
Strabag
Strabag is a European construction company based in Villach, with its headquarters in Vienna, Austria). It is the largest construction company in Austria and one of the largest construction companies in Europe...
, at a price of 202 million kuna (27.3 million euro) without VAT, and the works were scheduled to be completed by June 15, 2007.
The first indication of delays came in March 2007, when the national government started trading accusations with authorities of the Zagreb County. The government accused the county authorities that they are willfully slowing down the project as the county failed to adopt required amendments of their spatial planning documents. In turn, the county accused the government that the project is out of funds and that accusations levied by the central government were intended to disguise lack of money. This situation led to announcements made in 2008, that the motorway shall be built from direction of Sisak, however that was not immediately feasible as land was not purchased and construction design had to be adjusted. Even so, the works were announced to start north of Sisak at the beginning of 2009. The plan to start construction in 2009 from Sisak were confirmed in July 2008, when Hrvatske autoceste deined rumors that the route may be shortened to the northern outskirts of Sisak, instead of Mošćenica
Mošćenica
Mošćenica is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D37 highway....
suburb of Petrinja
Petrinja
Petrinja is a city in central Croatia near Sisak in the historic region of Banovina. The city belongs to Sisak-Moslavina County .- History :The name of Petrinja has its roots in Latin petrus, meaning "stone"...
located immediately to the south of Sisak. By August 2008, planning of a tunnel under Zagreb shunting yard was abandoned in favor of a viaduct extending to the north of the planned Jakuševec interchange. Construction of the latter started shortly afterwards, but as of September 2011 it is still in progress, at an ostensibly slow pace.
On May 9, 2009, the first section of the A11 motorway was completed and opened to traffic, spanning Velika Gorica and Buševec exits. The section is 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) long, and contains 6 bridges, 4 flyovers, 2 wildlife crossing
Wildlife crossing
Wildlife crossings are structures that allow animals to cross human-made barriers safely. Wildlife crossings may include: underpass tunnels, viaducts, and overpasses ; amphibian tunnels; fish ladders; tunnels and culverts ; green roofs .Wildlife crossings are a...
s, a viaduct and an underpass. Total cost of the section was reported to be 657 million kuna (88.8 million euro). At the opening ceremony, it was announced that the entire route between Zagreb and Mošćenica shall be completed by 2011. In May 2009, new construction contracts were made for the Buševec–Sisak section of the route, only to be cancelled in September of the same year. The cancellation was attributed to change of funding sources and models, and new contracts were announced for November 2009.
Since the opening of the first A11 motorway section, the project was criticized by political opposition parties as excessively expensive, citing estimated cost of 14.8 million euro per kilometer and comparing it to cost of somewhat more than 4 million euro per kilometer cost of the A1 motorway
A1 (Croatia)
The A1 motorway is the longest motorway in Croatia spanning . As it connects Zagreb, the nation's capital, to Split, the second largest city in the country and the largest city in Dalmatia, the motorway represents a major north–south transportation corridor in Croatia and a significant part of the...
to Split. Hrvatske autoceste, operator of the motorway, defended the price as a result of unfavorable, silty ground along the route requiring large quantities of backfill and transportation of the backfill material. Furthermore Hrvatske autoceste denied claims of cost per kilometer of the A11 and the A1. The company which operates both of the motorways claimed that the average price of the A1 motorway was 7.1 million euro per kilometer and that the average cost per kilometer of the A11 stands at 11.3 million euro, further citing high transport cost of the backfill material caused by remote location of the closest quarry which is approximately 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) away. Construction of the A11 motorway was also criticized as an example of interference of politics in road construction, where construction sites are perceived as generally serving as ribbon-cutting ceremony sites during election campaigns.
Further construction
As of September 2011, approximately one fifth of the A11 motorway route is completed, and the completed section is not directly connected to the Croatian motorway system. This is planned to be achieved through the Jakuševec interchange, which is under construction as a part of the 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) Jakuševec–Velika Gorica jug section of the A11. The section spans Zagreb suburban area and its completion was repeatedly delayed due to changes of legislation, land acquisition and funding issues. Various parts of the section have reached different stages of completion depending on resolution of those issues, especially land ownership and planning documents.Construction works on the 11.2 kilometres (7 mi) Buševec–Lekenik
Lekenik
Lekenik is a village and a municipality in central Croatia, located between Sisak and Velika Gorica in the lowland region of Turopolje. The population of Lekenik is 1,857, with 6,170 people in the municipality, notably in larger villages like Pešćenica , Letovanić , Donji Vukojevac , Dužica...
section, immediately to the south of the completed portion of the A11 motorway were commenced in April 2010, when completion of the section was announced for 2011. The section shall require construction of two bridges, six flyovers, four culverts, Lekenik toll plaza and Peščenica
Peščenica, Sisak-Moslavina County
Peščenica, Sisak-Moslavina County is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D30 highway....
rest area. The construction works contract was awarded to Konstruktor
Konstruktor
Konstruktor inženjering d.d. is a Croatian construction company founded in 1945 as "Konstruktor-Split" in Split, Yugoslavia ....
, Hidroelektra and Osijek Koteks. Value of the contract works is 645 million kuna (87.1 million euro), including VAT. In Lekenik–Sisak section, preparatory works commenced, entailing relocation of utilities along the planned motorway route.
In April 2010, the entire 47.9 kilometres (29.8 mi) A11 motorway route between Zagreb bypass and Sisak was planned to be completed within two and a half years, at a cost of 5.1 billion kuna (689 million euro). When completed, the A11 shall be tolled between Velika Gorica jug exit and Sisak, unlike the sections between Velika Gorica jug and Jakuševec interchanges which shall remain toll free as a part of the Zagreb bypass. The existing section of the A11 is planned to be tolled, however it was announced that the section shall remain toll-free until the Velika Gorica jug–Jakuševec section is completed. Ultimately, when completed the A11 is planned to have eight interhchanges, and the most significant structures on the route shall include 550 metres (1,804.5 ft) Odra Bridge also spanning a railway and a road, 280 metres (918.6 ft) bridge crossing Odra-Sava Canal, a 270 metres (885.8 ft) arch bridge
Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side...
spanning the Kupa
Kupa
Kupa may refer to:*Kupa River, a river in Croatia and Slovenia*Kupa River , a river in Lithuania*Kupa River in Siberia, see Kuta River*Kupa Synagogue, a synagogue in Krakow*Kupa, Hungary, a village in Northern Hungary...
River, and a 750 metres (2,460.6 ft) viaduct in addition to the 710 metres (2,329.4 ft) one required to be built north of the Jakuševec interchange, acrosss Zagreb shunting yard.
Traffic volume
Traffic is regularly counted and reported by Hrvatske autoceste, operator of the motorway, and results are published by Hrvatske cesteHrvatske ceste
Hrvatske ceste is a Croatian state-owned company pursuant to provisions of the Croatian Public Roads Act , the county and local roads are managed by county authorities, while the motorways are managed by Croatian Motorways Ltd and other concessionaires.The company is currently administered by a...
. In 2010, the only traffic count
Traffic count
A traffic count is a count of traffic along a particular road, either done electronically or by people counting by the side of the road. Traffic counts can be used by local councils to identify which routes are used most, and to either improve that road or provide an alternative if there is an...
site on the A11 motorway route was located between the only two opened interchanges of the motorway—Velika Gorica jug and Buševec. annual average daily traffic (AADT)
Annual average daily traffic
Average Annual daily traffic, abbreviated AADT, is a measure used primarily in transportation planning and transportation engineering. It is the total volume of vehicle traffic of a highway or road for a year divided by 365 days. AADT is a useful and simple measurement of how busy the road is...
recorded at the site amounts to 1,442 vehicles, while average summer daily traffic (ASDT) traffic volume is approximately 10% greater at 1,589 vehicles.
The section of the A11 between Velika Gorica jug and Jakuševec interchanges, which is as of September 2011 still under construction, is expected to carry substantially increased volume of traffic compared to the existing A11 route because it is expected to take over a significant portion of the D30 state road. The D30 state road, parallel to the Jakuševec–Velika Gorica jug section of the A11 carries AADT of 39,413 vehicles, measured at Velika Mlaka
Velika Mlaka
Velika Mlaka is a village in Croatia. Residents of Velika Mlaka call it "Metropola" - referencing the nearby city of Zagreb....
north of Velika Gorica.
| A11 traffic volume details | ||||
| Road | Counting site | AADT | ASDT | Notes |
| A11 | 2031 Velika Gorica | 1,442 | 1,589 | Between Velika Gorica and Buševec interchanges. |
Exit list
{| class="wikitable"|-
!scope="col"|County
!scope="col"|km
!scope="col"|Exit
!scope="col"|Name
!scope="col"|Destination
!scope="col"|Notes
|-
| rowspan= 2|
| bgcolor=#ffdead |0.0
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |1
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Jakuševec
Jakuševec
Jakuševec is a neighborhood in the Novi Zagreb – istok city district of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia. Located on Sajmišna Road east of Sarajevska Road and Utrine, Travno and Dugave apartment block complexes, the neighborhood is mostly uninhabited, with an area of 455,21 ha and a total population...
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to the A3 motorway
A3 (Croatia)
The A3 motorway is a major motorway in Croatia spanning . The motorway connects Zagreb, the nation's capital, to the Slavonia region and a number of cities along the Sava River. It represents a major east–west transportation corridor in Croatia and a significant part of the Pan-European Corridor...
and the Zagreb bypass
Zagreb bypass
Zagreb bypass , is an U-shaped motorway partially encircling Zagreb, Croatia. The largest part by far, between Jankomir and Ivanja Reka interchanges, has been built between 1977 and 1979, while Ivanja Reka - Sveta Helena section has been built between 1996 and 1999. The bypass is long, tracing...
; Under construction
|-
| bgcolor=#ffdead |1.0
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |2
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Odra-Mlaka
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to Odra and Mlaka; Under construction
|-
| rowspan= 4|
| bgcolor=#ffdead |2.3
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |3
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica is the largest and most populous city in Zagreb County, Croatia. The city itself has a population of 31,341, while the municipality has a population of 63,511 inhabitants .Velika Gorica is the centre of the historical Turopolje region....
sjever (north)
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to Velika Gorica; Under construction
|-
| 8.7
| align=center |4
| Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica
Velika Gorica is the largest and most populous city in Zagreb County, Croatia. The city itself has a population of 31,341, while the municipality has a population of 63,511 inhabitants .Velika Gorica is the centre of the historical Turopolje region....
jug (south)
|
| Connection to Velika Gorica
As of September 2011, the northern terminus of the motorway
|-
| bgcolor=#ffdead |12.1
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |
| bgcolor=#ffdead colspan=2 |Mraclin toll plaza
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Completed but not operating
|-
| 18.1
| align=center |5
| Buševec
Buševec
Buševec is the name of a Croatian village that falls under the administration of the town of Velika Gorica. It is placed at the Turopolje area at the highway between Zagreb and Sisak...
|
| Connection to Buševec and the D30 state road
D30 (Croatia)
D30 is a state road in central Croatia connecting Velika Gorica, Petrinja and Hrvatska Kostajnica to Croatian motorway network at the A3 motorway Buzin interchange and to the City of Zagreb ia Savezne Republike Njemačke Street...
As of September 2011, the southern terminus of the motorway
|-
| Sisak-Moslavina
Sisak-Moslavina County
Sisak-Moslavina County is a Croatian county in eastern Central Croatia and southwestern Slavonia. It is named after the city of Sisak and the region Moslavina just across the river Sava. According to 2001 census it is inhabited by 185 thousand people....
| bgcolor=#ffdead |29.4
| bgcolor=#ffdead align=center |6
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Lekenik
Lekenik
Lekenik is a village and a municipality in central Croatia, located between Sisak and Velika Gorica in the lowland region of Turopolje. The population of Lekenik is 1,857, with 6,170 people in the municipality, notably in larger villages like Pešćenica , Letovanić , Donji Vukojevac , Dužica...
| bgcolor=#ffdead |
| bgcolor=#ffdead |Connection to Lekenik; Under construction
See also
- International E-road networkInternational E-road networkThe international E-road network is a numbering system for roads in Europe developed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe . The network is numbered from E 1 up and its roads cross national borders...
- Transport in CroatiaTransport in CroatiaTransport in Croatia relies on several main modes, including transport by road, rail, water and air. Road transport incorporates a comprehensive network of state, county and local routes augmented by a network of highways for long-distance travelling...