319th Field Artillery Regiment (United States)
Encyclopedia
The 319th Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery regiment
of the United States Army
which can trace its lineage back to 1917.
advance of 1918. Returning to the United States, it was demobilised on 18 May 1919 at Camp Dix, New Jersey.
Reconstituted 24 June 1921 in the Organized Reserves as the 319th Field Artillery and assigned to the 82d Division. Organized in January, 1922 at Decatur, Georgia.
, the invasion of the Rhineland
(for which two operations it was granted an arrowhead distinction), and Ardennes-Alsace. It was also given the general campaign credit Central Europe.
On 15 December 1947 the battalion lost the 'Glider' from its title and became again the 319th Field Artillery Battalion. Withdrawn 15 November 1948 from the Organized Reserve Corps and allotted to the Regular Army. Reorganized and redesignated 15 December 1948 as the 319th Airborne Field Artillery Battalion.
it was granted campaign credits for the Defensive phase, Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive Phases II & III, the Tet Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive Phases IV-VI, the Tet Offensive, Summer-Fall 1969, Winter-Spring 1970, the Sanctuary Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive, Phase VII, Consolidation I, and Consolidation II.
Redesignated 1 September 1971 as the 319th Field Artillery. In 1983, the 1st Bn (Abn), 319th FA took part in the Invasion of Grenada
as part of the 82d Airborne Division, for which it gained an Armed Forces Expedition credit. Withdrawn 2 October 1986 from the Combat Arms Regimental System and reorganized under the United States Army Regimental System. During the mid-1980s, the other two FA battalions in the 82d were reflagged as 2-319th and 3-319th, and in 1989 they took part in the Invasion of Panama for which they gained Armed Forces Expedition credit, with arrowhead. In 1990, along with the rest of the 82nd Airborne Division, the 319th's three battalions deployed to Saudi Arabia to defend against a feared Iraqi offensive. It then participated in the Gulf War
of January–March 1991. For these operations the regiment gained the Southwest Asia, Defense of Saudi Arabia, Liberation and Defense of Kuwait, and Cease-Fire Armed Forces Expedition credit.
On 16 September 2006 a new battalion of the 319th was activated as part of the Southern European Task Force. For many years Battery D, 319th Field Artillery, had served as the SETAF airborne battalion's assigned artillery support. With the decision to expand the SETAF airborne battalion task force into the reformed 173d Airborne Brigade, Battery D, 319th Field Artillery, was reorganized and expanded into 4th Battalion (Abn), 319th Field Artillery Regiment. The battalion was reformed from elements of Battery D, 319th Field Artillery and 1st Battalion, 33rd Field Artillery at Warner Barracks in Bamberg, Germany. The Army traces its lineage back through Battery D, 319th Field Artillery to the Battery D of the original 319th Field Artillery Battalion. The battalion is nicknamed the “King of the Herd” battalion. Since activation in 2006, the 4th Battalion has participated in Operation Enduring Freedom Rotation VIII with the rest of the brigade.
The 319th also gained Armed Forces Expeditions credit for the invasion of the Dominican Republic.
Regiment
A regiment is a major tactical military unit, composed of variable numbers of batteries, squadrons or battalions, commanded by a colonel or lieutenant colonel...
of the United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
which can trace its lineage back to 1917.
World War I
The regiment was administrative constituted on 5 August 1917 as a National Army (USA) unit, the 319th Field Artillery Regiment, and assigned to the 82d Division. It was first physically formed ('organized') on 2 September 1917 at Camp Gordon, near Chamblee, Georgia. It went overseas with the 82d Division and was present during the St. Mihiel offensive, the Meuse-Argonne, and the LorraineLorraine (région)
Lorraine is one of the 27 régions of France. The administrative region has two cities of equal importance, Metz and Nancy. Metz is considered to be the official capital since that is where the regional parliament is situated...
advance of 1918. Returning to the United States, it was demobilised on 18 May 1919 at Camp Dix, New Jersey.
Reconstituted 24 June 1921 in the Organized Reserves as the 319th Field Artillery and assigned to the 82d Division. Organized in January, 1922 at Decatur, Georgia.
World War II
The regiment was reorganized and redesignated 13 February, 1942 as the 319th Field Artillery Battalion. It was then ordered into active military service on 25 March 1942 and reorganized at Camp Claiborne, Louisiana. Reorganized and redesignated 15 August 1942 as the 319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion. During World War II the battalion was present for the Invasion of Sicily, Naples-Foggia, the Normandy landings, where at Ste Mere Eglise it gained a Presidential Unit CitationPresidential Unit Citation
The Presidential Unit Citation is a senior unit award granted to military units which have performed an extremely meritorious or heroic act, usually in the face of an armed enemy...
, the invasion of the Rhineland
Rhineland
Historically, the Rhinelands refers to a loosely-defined region embracing the land on either bank of the River Rhine in central Europe....
(for which two operations it was granted an arrowhead distinction), and Ardennes-Alsace. It was also given the general campaign credit Central Europe.
On 15 December 1947 the battalion lost the 'Glider' from its title and became again the 319th Field Artillery Battalion. Withdrawn 15 November 1948 from the Organized Reserve Corps and allotted to the Regular Army. Reorganized and redesignated 15 December 1948 as the 319th Airborne Field Artillery Battalion.
Cold War
It was relieved 1 September 1957 from assignment to the 82d Airborne Division; concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 319th Artillery, a parent regiment under the Combat Arms Regimental System. During the Vietnam WarVietnam War
The Vietnam War was a Cold War-era military conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. This war followed the First Indochina War and was fought between North Vietnam, supported by its communist allies, and the government of...
it was granted campaign credits for the Defensive phase, Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive Phases II & III, the Tet Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive Phases IV-VI, the Tet Offensive, Summer-Fall 1969, Winter-Spring 1970, the Sanctuary Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive, Phase VII, Consolidation I, and Consolidation II.
Redesignated 1 September 1971 as the 319th Field Artillery. In 1983, the 1st Bn (Abn), 319th FA took part in the Invasion of Grenada
Invasion of Grenada
The Invasion of Grenada, codenamed Operation Urgent Fury, was a 1983 United States-led invasion of Grenada, a Caribbean island nation with a population of about 100,000 located north of Venezuela. Triggered by a military coup which had ousted a four-year revolutionary government, the invasion...
as part of the 82d Airborne Division, for which it gained an Armed Forces Expedition credit. Withdrawn 2 October 1986 from the Combat Arms Regimental System and reorganized under the United States Army Regimental System. During the mid-1980s, the other two FA battalions in the 82d were reflagged as 2-319th and 3-319th, and in 1989 they took part in the Invasion of Panama for which they gained Armed Forces Expedition credit, with arrowhead. In 1990, along with the rest of the 82nd Airborne Division, the 319th's three battalions deployed to Saudi Arabia to defend against a feared Iraqi offensive. It then participated in the Gulf War
Gulf War
The Persian Gulf War , commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf...
of January–March 1991. For these operations the regiment gained the Southwest Asia, Defense of Saudi Arabia, Liberation and Defense of Kuwait, and Cease-Fire Armed Forces Expedition credit.
On 16 September 2006 a new battalion of the 319th was activated as part of the Southern European Task Force. For many years Battery D, 319th Field Artillery, had served as the SETAF airborne battalion's assigned artillery support. With the decision to expand the SETAF airborne battalion task force into the reformed 173d Airborne Brigade, Battery D, 319th Field Artillery, was reorganized and expanded into 4th Battalion (Abn), 319th Field Artillery Regiment. The battalion was reformed from elements of Battery D, 319th Field Artillery and 1st Battalion, 33rd Field Artillery at Warner Barracks in Bamberg, Germany. The Army traces its lineage back through Battery D, 319th Field Artillery to the Battery D of the original 319th Field Artillery Battalion. The battalion is nicknamed the “King of the Herd” battalion. Since activation in 2006, the 4th Battalion has participated in Operation Enduring Freedom Rotation VIII with the rest of the brigade.
The 319th also gained Armed Forces Expeditions credit for the invasion of the Dominican Republic.
Decorations
- Presidential Unit Citation (Army), Streamer embroidered CHIUNZI PASS (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; WD GO 41, 1947)
- Presidential Unit Citation (Army), Streamer embroidered STE. MERE EGLISE (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; WD GO 83, 1944)
- Presidential Unit Citation (Army), Streamer embroidered DAK TO (3d Battalion, 319th Artillery, cited; DA GO 42, 1969)
- Presidential Unit Citation (Army), Streamer embroidered DONG AP BIA MOUNTAIN (2d Battalion, 319th Artillery, cited; DA GO 15, 1972)
- Valorous Unit Award, Streamer embroidered DEFENSE OF SAIGON (2d Battalion, 319th Artillery, cited; DA GO 52, 1974)
- Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1965 1967 (3d Battalion, 319th Artillery, cited; DA GO 48, 1968)
- Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered VIETNAM 1968 (2d Battalion, 319th Artillery, cited; DA GO 22, 1976)
- Meritorious Unit Commendation (Army), Streamer embroidered SOUTHWEST ASIA (1st and 2d Battalions, 319th Field Artillery, cited; DA GO 1, 1996. 3d Battalion, 319th Field Artillery cited; letter, TAPC-PDA [600-8-22], to Commander, XVIII Airborne Corps and Fort Bragg, Subj: Meritorious Unit Commendation [MUC], 26 August 1998)
- Army Superior Unit Award, Streamer embroidered 1983 (3d Battalion, 319th Field Artillery, cited; DA GO 9, 1987)
- Army Superior Unit Award, Streamer embroidered 1994 (1st Battalion, 319th Field Artillery, cited; DA GO 15, 1997)
- French Croix de Guerre with Palm, World War II, Streamer embroidered STE. MERE EGLISE (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- French Croix de Guerre with Palm, World War II, Streamer embroidered COTENTIN (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- French Croix de Guerre, World War II, Fourragere (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- Military Order of William (Degree of the Knight of the Fourth Class), Streamer embroidered NIJMEGEN 1944 (319th Glider Field Artillery Bat¬talion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- Netherlands Orange Lanyard (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- Belgian Fourragere 1940 (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- Cited in the Order of the Day of the Belgian Army for action at St. Vith (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- Cited in the Order of the Day of the Belgian Army for action in the Ardennes (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
- Cited in the Order of the Day of the Belgian Army for action in Belgium and Germany (319th Glider Field Artillery Battalion cited; DA GO 43, 1950)
See also
- 3rd Battalion, 319th Field Artillery Regiment3rd Battalion, 319th Field Artillery RegimentThe 3rd Battalion, 319th Field Artillery Regiment is a field artillery battalion that is part of the 319th Field Artillery Regiment and directly supports the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division...
- Field Artillery Branch (United States)
- U.S. Army Coast Artillery CorpsU.S. Army Coast Artillery CorpsThe U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps was a Corps level organization responsible for coastal and harbor defense of the United States between 1901 and 1950.-History:...
- Coats of arms of U.S. Artillery RegimentsCoats of arms of U.S. Artillery RegimentsCoats of arms of US Artillery Regiments are heraldic emblems associated with field artillery, air defense artillery, and coast artillery regiments in the US Army...