2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
Encyclopedia
The 2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season is an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone
formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean
.
The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere
, east of the Horn of Africa
and west of the Malay Peninsula
. There are two main sea
s in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea
to the west of the Indian subcontinent
, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department
(IMD); and the Bay of Bengal
to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD.
The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre
in this basin is the India Meteorological Department
(IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
releases unofficial advisories. The tropical cyclone scale
for this basin is detailed on the right. On average, 4 to 6 storms form in this basin every season.
Depression ARB 01 formed in early June near India, before Deep Depression BOB 02 formed a few days later. Land Depression 01 formed on July 22, and dissipated a day later. Depression BOB 03 formed on September 22, and soon made landfall on India. Depression BOB 03 dissipated the next day, on September 23. October was a much more active month, as Deep Depression BOB 04 and Deep Depression ARB 02 both formed, during this period of time. Then Cyclonic Storm Keila formed in November and came ashore in Oman, before Depression ARB03 formed and dissipated near the Oman coast.
(IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure, located approximately 100 km southeast of Pottuvil
, Sri Lanka
, to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 01". The convection in the system gradually increased and the system drifted towards land. Early on the next day, the IMD downgraded the system into a remnant low because of its proximity to land and weakened.
Following catastrophic floods in December 2010 and January 2011, the depression brought additional rainfall to Sri Lanka. The subsequent floods and mudslides killed 18 people and affected nearly 1.2 million. Numerous roads were washed away as reservoirs across the island overflowed their banks and inundated surrounding communities. In the wake of the floods, the Government of Sri Lanka allocated 33 billion Sri Lankan rupee
($287 million USD
) for rehabilitation.
(JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 01A. At that time it was located approximately 180 kilometres (111.8 mi) northwest of Mumbai
, India
and 150 kilometres (93.2 mi) southeast of Veraval
, Gujarat. Later, on June 12, IMD reported that the depression had crossed the Saurashtra
coast of India about 25 km east of Diu. Later on the same day, the IMD reported that the depression had weakened into a well-marked low pressure area in their last bulletin for the system.
(IMD) upgraded an area of well marked low pressure (WML), located about 100 km east-southeast of Sagar Island, 150 km southeast of Kolkata
and 150 km west-southwest of Khepupara (Bangladesh
), to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 02". On 16 June, the depression intensified into a deep depression and crossed the West Bengal
coast about 100 km east of Sagar Island
. On the same day, at 1900 hrs UTC, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
(JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA). The system drifted further inland and the JTWC cancelled their TCFA the next day. The system weakened into a depression by 18 June and laid centered over Jharkhand
. The depression gradually drifted westwards and moved onto northern Madhya Pradesh
by June 21. and slowly dissipated into a well marked low pressure area on June 23.
Heavy rains across West Bengal triggered widespread flooding and landslides that killed at least six people.
. As a result of this and an Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex
, an area of low pressure developed on July 21, over Gangetic West Bengal about 50 km (31.1 mi) to the southeast of Daltonganj
. During the next day the IMD reported that the low pressure area had intensified into the first land depression of the season, with peak 3-minute sustained windspeeds of 35 km/h (25 mph). During that day the depression moved towards the northwest under the influence of a monsoon trough before weakening into a low pressure area early on July 23. Under the influence of the system, the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh
, Rajasthan
, Gujarat, Chattisgarh and Vidarbha
saw widespread heavy rainfall, however, no economic damage was reported.
, Bangladesh
. Under the influence of strong vertical wind shear and monsoonal activity in the Bay of Bengal, the system couldn't strengthen and the JTWC later reported that the system dissipated. However, on September 22, the IMD started monitoring the system as a Depression and initiated bulletins on the system, designating it with BOB 03. Late on that day, BOB 03 drifted northwest and made landfall over north Orissa close to Balasore. After moving further northwestwards, the depression remained practically stationary over Jharkhand
. By the evening of September 23, IMD reported that the depression had weakened into a well-marked low pressure area in their final bulletin for the system, as the storm dissipated to a remnant low.
As the depression made landfall, heavy rains threatened flood for the second time within two weeks in the Bramhani and Baitarani
rivers. By the evening of September 22, 90 villages in Jajpur were displaced to the sudden spontaneous swelling of the river Baitarani. At least 38 people were killed in flood-related incidents across Orissa. The worst flooding took place in the Jajpur and Bhadrak districts where at least 18 people perished.
Along the border between Myanmar and Bangladesh, torrential rains produced devastating flash floods. In the Magway region, roughly 2,000 homes were washed away by a "mass of water" and more than 6,000 remained flooded for days. Initial estimates placed damage from the storm at $1.64 million. At least 215 people were confirmed to have been killed with many more missing. Officials in the hard-hit town of Pakokku believed that the death toll would exceed 300 as residents searched for missing relatives days after the floods. Similar to what took place in the wake of Cyclone Nargis
in 2008
, journalists were warned by the Government not to take pictures of the disaster. Overall, it is the deadliest tropical cyclone
in the North Indian Ocean since Cyclone Aila
in 2009.
, a low-pressure area formed over the Arabian Sea in late October. The system organized and the IMD designated the system Depression "ARB 02".. The depression moved toward the Middle East
during the next few days and intensified into a Deep Depression on November 1 . In the morning of November 2, IMD upgraded the deep depression into a cyclonic storm and was named Keila.
Heavy rains from the storm in Oman are blamed on at least 14 deaths and 200 people are injured. High flood waters prompted the evacuation of hospitals in the capital city of Muscat
. On November 3, JTWC downgraded the storm into a tropical depression. On the same day, JTWC issue their final advisories on this system. In evening, IMD downgraded the storm into a deep depression. On November 4, IMD downgraded the depression into an area of low pressure issuing its final advisory on the system.
in the next 72 hours . On the same day a TCFA was issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). The IMD upgraded the storm into a deep depression on November 8, and forecasted that it would intensify into a cyclonic storm within the next 24 hours which was followed by an upgrade to a tropical storm by JTWC. After an influence of unfavorable conditions and landmass, the system weakened and JTWC issued its final warning. Soon the IMD downgraded the storm into a depression. The storm dissipated into a low pressure area on November 10 .
into a depression, designating the name ARB 04. The same day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) upgraded the storm from a tropical depression to a Tropical Storm and named it 05A. Extensive damage and loss of life has been reported in Sri Lanka
, where the storm is linked with heavy rains which have caused 19 deaths and damage to 5,700 homes. The IMD upgraded the storm to a Deep Depression on 28 November. Later on 29 November the IMD downgraded the storm into a depression . Following the downgrading of the storm by IMD, the JTWC on 30 November issued their final warning on 05A. The IMD, on December 1, reported that the storm had weakened into a well-marked low pressure area and gave the final bulletin for the system.
started to assign names in September 2004. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin, from the Western Pacific then it will retain its original name. The next six names from the list of North Indian Ocean storm names are below.
Tropical cyclone
A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a large low-pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and heavy rain. Tropical cyclones strengthen when water evaporated from the ocean is released as the saturated air rises, resulting in condensation of water vapor...
formation. The North Indian Ocean cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern Indian Ocean
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
.
The scope of this article is limited to the Indian Ocean in the Northern Hemisphere
Northern Hemisphere
The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planet that is north of its equator—the word hemisphere literally means “half sphere”. It is also that half of the celestial sphere north of the celestial equator...
, east of the Horn of Africa
Horn of Africa
The Horn of Africa is a peninsula in East Africa that juts hundreds of kilometers into the Arabian Sea and lies along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden. It is the easternmost projection of the African continent...
and west of the Malay Peninsula
Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula or Thai-Malay Peninsula is a peninsula in Southeast Asia. The land mass runs approximately north-south and, at its terminus, is the southern-most point of the Asian mainland...
. There are two main sea
Sea
A sea generally refers to a large body of salt water, but the term is used in other contexts as well. Most commonly, it means a large expanse of saline water connected with an ocean, and is commonly used as a synonym for ocean...
s in the North Indian Ocean — the Arabian Sea
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by the Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui in northeastern Somalia and Kanyakumari in India...
to the west of the Indian subcontinent
Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent, also Indian Subcontinent, Indo-Pak Subcontinent or South Asian Subcontinent is a region of the Asian continent on the Indian tectonic plate from the Hindu Kush or Hindu Koh, Himalayas and including the Kuen Lun and Karakoram ranges, forming a land mass which extends...
, abbreviated ARB by the India Meteorological Department
India Meteorological Department
The India Meteorological Department , also referred to as the Met Office, is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology...
(IMD); and the Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...
to the east, abbreviated BOB by the IMD.
The official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre
Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre
A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as part of the World Weather Watch.-Tropical...
in this basin is the India Meteorological Department
India Meteorological Department
The India Meteorological Department , also referred to as the Met Office, is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology...
(IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force located at the Naval Maritime Forecast Center in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii...
releases unofficial advisories. The tropical cyclone scale
Tropical cyclone scales
Tropical systems are officially ranked on one of several tropical cyclone scales according to their maximum sustained winds and in what oceanic basin they are located...
for this basin is detailed on the right. On average, 4 to 6 storms form in this basin every season.
Season summary
Depression ARB 01 formed in early June near India, before Deep Depression BOB 02 formed a few days later. Land Depression 01 formed on July 22, and dissipated a day later. Depression BOB 03 formed on September 22, and soon made landfall on India. Depression BOB 03 dissipated the next day, on September 23. October was a much more active month, as Deep Depression BOB 04 and Deep Depression ARB 02 both formed, during this period of time. Then Cyclonic Storm Keila formed in November and came ashore in Oman, before Depression ARB03 formed and dissipated near the Oman coast.
Depression BOB 01
On February 2, the India Meteorological DepartmentIndia Meteorological Department
The India Meteorological Department , also referred to as the Met Office, is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology...
(IMD) upgraded an area of low pressure, located approximately 100 km southeast of Pottuvil
Pottuvil
Pottuvil or Pothuvil or Poththuvil is a predominantly Muslim town in the Ampara District of Sri Lanka, located along the Eastern coast of the Island, it is 4 km due North of the popular tourist destination Arugam Bay. It was affected by 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami....
, Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
, to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 01". The convection in the system gradually increased and the system drifted towards land. Early on the next day, the IMD downgraded the system into a remnant low because of its proximity to land and weakened.
Following catastrophic floods in December 2010 and January 2011, the depression brought additional rainfall to Sri Lanka. The subsequent floods and mudslides killed 18 people and affected nearly 1.2 million. Numerous roads were washed away as reservoirs across the island overflowed their banks and inundated surrounding communities. In the wake of the floods, the Government of Sri Lanka allocated 33 billion Sri Lankan rupee
Sri Lankan rupee
The rupee is the currency of Sri Lanka, divided into 100 cents. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka and is generally written Rs. The rupee (Sinhala: රුපියල , Tamil: ரூபாய்) (sign: ₨; code: LKR) is the currency of Sri Lanka, divided into 100 cents. It is issued by the Central Bank of Sri...
($287 million USD
United States dollar
The United States dollar , also referred to as the American dollar, is the official currency of the United States of America. It is divided into 100 smaller units called cents or pennies....
) for rehabilitation.
Depression ARB 01
In early June, a low pressure area formed over the Arabian Sea. The low pressure area remained stationary and became more well marked. On June 11, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded the area of low pressure to a depression giving it the designation "ARB 01". The same day, the Joint Typhoon Warning CenterJoint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force located at the Naval Maritime Forecast Center in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii...
(JTWC) designated the system as Tropical Cyclone 01A. At that time it was located approximately 180 kilometres (111.8 mi) northwest of Mumbai
Mumbai
Mumbai , formerly known as Bombay in English, is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the fourth most populous city in the world, with a total metropolitan area population of approximately 20.5 million...
, India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and 150 kilometres (93.2 mi) southeast of Veraval
Veraval
Veraval is a city and a municipality in Junagadh district in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is located 6 km from Somnath.- History :...
, Gujarat. Later, on June 12, IMD reported that the depression had crossed the Saurashtra
Saurashtra
Saurashtra is a region of western India, located on the Arabian Sea coast of Gujarat state. It is a peninsula also called Kathiawar after the Kathi Darbar who ruled part of the region once. The Peninsula is shared with the Kachchh region which occupies the north, Saurashtra or Sorath forming the...
coast of India about 25 km east of Diu. Later on the same day, the IMD reported that the depression had weakened into a well-marked low pressure area in their last bulletin for the system.
Deep Depression BOB 02
On June 16, the India Meteorological DepartmentIndia Meteorological Department
The India Meteorological Department , also referred to as the Met Office, is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology...
(IMD) upgraded an area of well marked low pressure (WML), located about 100 km east-southeast of Sagar Island, 150 km southeast of Kolkata
Kolkata
Kolkata , formerly known as Calcutta, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. Located on the east bank of the Hooghly River, it was the commercial capital of East India...
and 150 km west-southwest of Khepupara (Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
), to a depression, giving it the designation "BOB 02". On 16 June, the depression intensified into a deep depression and crossed the West Bengal
West Bengal
West Bengal is a state in the eastern region of India and is the nation's fourth-most populous. It is also the seventh-most populous sub-national entity in the world, with over 91 million inhabitants. A major agricultural producer, West Bengal is the sixth-largest contributor to India's GDP...
coast about 100 km east of Sagar Island
Sagar island
Sagar Island lies on the continental shelf of Bay of Bengal about 150 km south of Kolkata. It belongs to the Republic of India and is governed by the State government of West Bengal. The island is large — with an area of around 300 km². It has 43 villages and a population of over...
. On the same day, at 1900 hrs UTC, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center
Joint Typhoon Warning Center
The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force located at the Naval Maritime Forecast Center in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii...
(JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA). The system drifted further inland and the JTWC cancelled their TCFA the next day. The system weakened into a depression by 18 June and laid centered over Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...
. The depression gradually drifted westwards and moved onto northern Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
by June 21. and slowly dissipated into a well marked low pressure area on June 23.
Heavy rains across West Bengal triggered widespread flooding and landslides that killed at least six people.
Land Depression 01
On July 21 as the Madden–Julian oscillation entered its fifth phase, the Bay of Bengal became favourable for tropical cyclogenesisTropical cyclogenesis
Tropical cyclogenesis is the term that describes the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere. The mechanisms through which tropical cyclogenesis occurs are distinctly different from those through which mid-latitude cyclogenesis occurs...
. As a result of this and an Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex
Upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex
An upper tropospheric cyclonic vortex is a vortex, or a circulation with a definable center, that usually moves slowly from east-northeast to west-southwest and is prevalent across Northern Hemisphere's warm season. Its circulations generally do not extend below in altitude, as it is an example...
, an area of low pressure developed on July 21, over Gangetic West Bengal about 50 km (31.1 mi) to the southeast of Daltonganj
Daltonganj
Daltonganj is a town in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is the headquarters of Palamu division and Palamu district, as well as subdivision and block of the same name...
. During the next day the IMD reported that the low pressure area had intensified into the first land depression of the season, with peak 3-minute sustained windspeeds of 35 km/h (25 mph). During that day the depression moved towards the northwest under the influence of a monsoon trough before weakening into a low pressure area early on July 23. Under the influence of the system, the Indian states of Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal and Indore is the largest city....
, Rajasthan
Rajasthan
Rājasthān the land of Rajasthanis, , is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It is located in the northwest of India. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert , which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with...
, Gujarat, Chattisgarh and Vidarbha
Vidarbha
Vidarbha is the eastern region of Maharashtra state made up of Nagpur Division and Amravati Division. Its former name is Berar . It occupies 31.6% of total area and holds 21.3% of total population of Maharashtra...
saw widespread heavy rainfall, however, no economic damage was reported.
Depression BOB 03
Late on September 20, an area of low pressure developed approximately 200 nautical miles (370.4 km) south of ChittagongChittagong
Chittagong ) is a city in southeastern Bangladesh and the capital of an eponymous district and division. Built on the banks of the Karnaphuli River, the city is home to Bangladesh's busiest seaport and has a population of over 4.5 million, making it the second largest city in the country.A trading...
, Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
. Under the influence of strong vertical wind shear and monsoonal activity in the Bay of Bengal, the system couldn't strengthen and the JTWC later reported that the system dissipated. However, on September 22, the IMD started monitoring the system as a Depression and initiated bulletins on the system, designating it with BOB 03. Late on that day, BOB 03 drifted northwest and made landfall over north Orissa close to Balasore. After moving further northwestwards, the depression remained practically stationary over Jharkhand
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east...
. By the evening of September 23, IMD reported that the depression had weakened into a well-marked low pressure area in their final bulletin for the system, as the storm dissipated to a remnant low.
As the depression made landfall, heavy rains threatened flood for the second time within two weeks in the Bramhani and Baitarani
Baitarani River
The Baitarani River or River Vaitarani is one of six major rivers of Orissa, India. Venerated in popular epics and legends, the Baitarani River is a source of water for agricultural irrigation. Most of the potentially arable land in the area is not under cultivation. The coastal plain of Orissa...
rivers. By the evening of September 22, 90 villages in Jajpur were displaced to the sudden spontaneous swelling of the river Baitarani. At least 38 people were killed in flood-related incidents across Orissa. The worst flooding took place in the Jajpur and Bhadrak districts where at least 18 people perished.
Deep Depression BOB 04
A low pressure area over the Bay of Bengal intensified and was upgraded to Depression BOB 04 on 19 October 2011. The depression intensified slightly and the IMD upgraded the storm into a Deep Depression the same day . Later on the same day, the JTWC upgraded the system into a Tropical Storm. The system moved inland and weakened into a depression. The weakening process took place gradually as the storm moved more inland and dissipated into a remnant low.Along the border between Myanmar and Bangladesh, torrential rains produced devastating flash floods. In the Magway region, roughly 2,000 homes were washed away by a "mass of water" and more than 6,000 remained flooded for days. Initial estimates placed damage from the storm at $1.64 million. At least 215 people were confirmed to have been killed with many more missing. Officials in the hard-hit town of Pakokku believed that the death toll would exceed 300 as residents searched for missing relatives days after the floods. Similar to what took place in the wake of Cyclone Nargis
Cyclone Nargis
Cyclone Nargis , was a strong tropical cyclone that caused the worst natural disaster in the recorded history of Burma. The cyclone made landfall in Burma on Friday, May 2, 2008, causing catastrophic destruction and at least 138,000 fatalities...
in 2008
2008 North Indian Ocean cyclone season
The 2008 North Indian cyclone season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. The North Indian cyclone season has no official bounds, but cyclones tend to form between April and December, with peaks in May and November...
, journalists were warned by the Government not to take pictures of the disaster. Overall, it is the deadliest tropical cyclone
Tropical cyclone
A tropical cyclone is a storm system characterized by a large low-pressure center and numerous thunderstorms that produce strong winds and heavy rain. Tropical cyclones strengthen when water evaporated from the ocean is released as the saturated air rises, resulting in condensation of water vapor...
in the North Indian Ocean since Cyclone Aila
Cyclone Aila
Cyclone Aila was the second tropical cyclone of the 2009 North Indian Ocean cyclone season...
in 2009.
Cyclonic Storm Keila
Under the influence of a low-level troughTrough
Trough may refer to:* Trough , the lowest turning point of a business cycle* Trough or manger, a container for animal feed* Watering trough, a receptacle of drinking water for domestic and non-domestic livestock...
, a low-pressure area formed over the Arabian Sea in late October. The system organized and the IMD designated the system Depression "ARB 02".. The depression moved toward the Middle East
Middle East
The Middle East is a region that encompasses Western Asia and Northern Africa. It is often used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East...
during the next few days and intensified into a Deep Depression on November 1 . In the morning of November 2, IMD upgraded the deep depression into a cyclonic storm and was named Keila.
Heavy rains from the storm in Oman are blamed on at least 14 deaths and 200 people are injured. High flood waters prompted the evacuation of hospitals in the capital city of Muscat
Muscat, Oman
Muscat is the capital of Oman. It is also the seat of government and largest city in the Governorate of Muscat. As of 2008, the population of the Muscat metropolitan area was 1,090,797. The metropolitan area spans approximately and includes six provinces called wilayats...
. On November 3, JTWC downgraded the storm into a tropical depression. On the same day, JTWC issue their final advisories on this system. In evening, IMD downgraded the storm into a deep depression. On November 4, IMD downgraded the depression into an area of low pressure issuing its final advisory on the system.
Deep Depression ARB 03
On November 6, The India Meteorological Department upgraded an area of low pressure area into a Depression, designating it ARB 03. The system was forecasted to intensify into a deep depression and move towards the Gulf of AdenGulf of Aden
The Gulf of Aden is located in the Arabian Sea between Yemen, on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and Somalia in the Horn of Africa. In the northwest, it connects with the Red Sea through the Bab-el-Mandeb strait, which is about 20 miles wide....
in the next 72 hours . On the same day a TCFA was issued by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC). The IMD upgraded the storm into a deep depression on November 8, and forecasted that it would intensify into a cyclonic storm within the next 24 hours which was followed by an upgrade to a tropical storm by JTWC. After an influence of unfavorable conditions and landmass, the system weakened and JTWC issued its final warning. Soon the IMD downgraded the storm into a depression. The storm dissipated into a low pressure area on November 10 .
Deep Depression ARB 04
On November 26, at 11:30 AM IST, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) upgraded a low pressure south of India near Cape ComorinKanyakumari
Kanyakumari is a town in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. It is also sometimes referred to as Cape Comorin. Located at the southernmost tip of the Indian Peninsula, it is the geographical end of the Indian mainland. The district in Tamil Nadu where the town is located is called Kanyakumari...
into a depression, designating the name ARB 04. The same day, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) upgraded the storm from a tropical depression to a Tropical Storm and named it 05A. Extensive damage and loss of life has been reported in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
, where the storm is linked with heavy rains which have caused 19 deaths and damage to 5,700 homes. The IMD upgraded the storm to a Deep Depression on 28 November. Later on 29 November the IMD downgraded the storm into a depression . Following the downgrading of the storm by IMD, the JTWC on 30 November issued their final warning on 05A. The IMD, on December 1, reported that the storm had weakened into a well-marked low pressure area and gave the final bulletin for the system.
Season effects
This is a table of all storms in the 2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. It mentions all of the season's storms and their names, durations, peak intensities (according to the IMD storm scale), landfall(s) – denoted by bold location names – damages, and death totals. Damage and death totals include the damage and deaths caused when that storm was a precursor wave or extratropical low, and all of the damage figures are in 2011 USD.| Storm Name | Dates active | Storm category Tropical cyclone scales Tropical systems are officially ranked on one of several tropical cyclone scales according to their maximum sustained winds and in what oceanic basin they are located... at peak intensity | Peak 3-min sustained winds | Pressure (hPa) Pascal (unit) The pascal is the SI derived unit of pressure, internal pressure, stress, Young's modulus and tensile strength, named after the French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer, and philosopher Blaise Pascal. It is a measure of force per unit area, defined as one newton per square metre... | Areas affected | Damage (millions USD United States dollar The United States dollar , also referred to as the American dollar, is the official currency of the United States of America. It is divided into 100 smaller units called cents or pennies.... ) | Deaths |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BOB 01 | 1000 | Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the... |
N/A | 18 | |||
| ARB 01 | 996 | India India India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world... |
N/A | 0 | |||
| BOB 02 | 978 | India | N/A | 6 | |||
| LAND 01 | 990 | India | None | 0 | |||
| BOB 03 | 995 | India | N/A | 38 | |||
| BOB 04 | 1000 | Bangladesh Bangladesh Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south... , Myanmar Myanmar Burma , officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar , is a country in Southeast Asia. Burma is bordered by China on the northeast, Laos on the east, Thailand on the southeast, Bangladesh on the west, India on the northwest, the Bay of Bengal to the southwest, and the Andaman Sea on the south.... |
1.64 | 215 | |||
| Keila Cyclone Keila Cyclonic Storm Keila , also known as Cyclone Keila, is the first named cyclonic storm and the first storm to reach cyclone intensity of the 2011 North Indian Ocean cyclone season. Keila developed from a low pressure area in the Arabian Sea that organized into a tropical depression on October 29... |
996 | Oman Oman Oman , officially called the Sultanate of Oman , is an Arab state in southwest Asia on the southeast coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest. The coast is formed by the Arabian Sea on the... , Yemen Yemen The Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east.... |
N/A | 14 | |||
| ARB 03 | 1000 | None | None | 0 | |||
| ARB 04 | 998 | Lakshadweep (India) Lakshadweep Lakshadweep , formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands, is a group of islands in the Laccadive Sea, 200 to 440 km off the coast of the South West Indian state of Kerala... , Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the... |
None | 19 | |||
| Season Aggregates | |||||||
| 9 systems | February 2 – currently active | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 978 | >1.64 | 310 |
Storm names
Within this basin, a tropical cyclone is assigned a name when it is judged to have reached Cyclonic Storm intensity with winds of 65 km/h (40 mph). The names were selected by members of the ESCAP/WMO panel on Tropical Cyclones between 2000 and May 2004, before the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center in New DelhiIndia Meteorological Department
The India Meteorological Department , also referred to as the Met Office, is an agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology...
started to assign names in September 2004. There is no retirement of tropical cyclone names in this basin as the list of names is only scheduled to be used once before a new list of names is drawn up. Should a named tropical cyclone move into the basin, from the Western Pacific then it will retain its original name. The next six names from the list of North Indian Ocean storm names are below.
|
See also
- List of North Indian cyclone seasons
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